Grammar parses for passage 8.1.4
Open translation for this passage
εἰκὸς δὲ ἔχει τοῦ λόγου καὶ ἄλλους ὁμοῦ τῷ Πελασγῷ μηδὲ αὐτὸν Πελασγὸν γενέσθαι μόνον·
Elliptical infinitival construction with εἰκὸς ἔχει; τοῦ λόγου is best taken as a genitive complement of εἰκὸς, and the coordinated infinitival content depends on ἔχει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰκὸς | εἰκός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἔχει | nsubj | medium | Predicative/adjectival use, nominative neuter singular. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G | _ | 3 ἔχει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb of the clause. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 λόγου | det | high | Article with λόγου. |
| 5 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 εἰκὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of εἰκός. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 11 μηδὲ | cc | high | Coordinates ἄλλους with the following coordinated element. |
| 7 | ἄλλους | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 γενέσθαι | obj | medium | Likely object of γενέσθαι, though syntax is somewhat compressed. |
| 8 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D | _ | 14 γενέσθαι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying γενέσθαι. |
| 9 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Πελασγῷ | det | high | Article with Πελασγῷ. |
| 10 | Πελασγῷ | Πελασγός | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 γενέσθαι | obl | medium | Dative with ὁμοῦ, expressing accompaniment/comparison. |
| 11 | μηδὲ | μηδέ | CCONJ | G | _ | 14 γενέσθαι | cc | high | Negative coordinator. |
| 12 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 Πελασγὸν | det | medium | Likely modifying Πελασγόν as an intensifying/pronominal modifier. |
| 13 | Πελασγὸν | Πελασγός | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Object/subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι in accusative-infinitive construction. |
| 14 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 3 ἔχει | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive depending on ἔχει. |
| 15 | μόνον | μόνος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 γενέσθαι | advmod | low | Probably adverbial 'alone/only'; morphology uncertain from form. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔχει | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ποίων γὰρ ἂν καὶ ἦρχεν ὁ Πελασγὸς ἀνθρώπων;
Interrogative genitive phrase ποίων ἀνθρώπων is fronted; καὶ and ἄν are particles attached to the main verb ἦρχεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ποίων | ποῖος | ADJ | A--GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἦρχεν | obj | high | Interrogative/adjectival genitive plural modifying the understood noun 'ἀνθρώπων'. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G | _ | 5 ἦρχεν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | P | _ | 5 ἦρχεν | advmod | high | Modal particle with potential optative/imperfect sense. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 ἦρχεν | advmod | high | Emphatic/additive particle here. |
| 5 | ἦρχεν | ἄρχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb; archaic/imperfect form used with ἄν. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Πελασγὸς | det | high | Article with the subject noun. |
| 7 | Πελασγὸς | Πελασγός | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἦρχεν | nsubj | high | Subject of the verb. |
| 8 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ποίων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ποίων, expressing the class of people. |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦρχεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
μεγέθει μέντοι καὶ κατὰ ἀλκὴν καὶ κάλλος προεἶχεν ὁ Πελασγὸς καὶ γνώμην ὑπὲρ τοὺς ἄλλους ἦν, καὶ τούτων ἕνεκα αἱρεθῆναί μοι δοκεῖ βασιλεύειν ὑπʼ αὐτῶν.
The syntax is straightforward overall, but token 21 is best treated as an infinitival subject of δοκεῖ, with the final infinitive βασιλεύειν as its xcomp; the coordinated predicate in the middle is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μεγέθει | μέγεθος | NOUN | N-S---ND- | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 8 προεἶχεν | obl | high | Dative of respect/sphere with προεῖχεν. |
| 2 | μέντοι | μέντοι | PART | G-------- | _ | 8 προεἶχεν | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 κατὰ | cc | high | Links coordinated obliques. |
| 4 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 προεἶχεν | obl | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 5 | ἀλκὴν | ἀλκή | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 4 κατὰ | fixed | high | Object of κατὰ. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 κάλλος | cc | high | Coordination within prepositional phrase. |
| 7 | κάλλος | κάλλος | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 4 κατὰ | conj | medium | Coordinated to ἀλκή under κατά; case is expected but token form is nominative/accusative identical. |
| 8 | προεἶχεν | προέχω | VERB | V3IAAI-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 9 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-S---MN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Πελασγὸς | det | high | Article with Πελασγός. |
| 10 | Πελασγὸς | Πελασγός | PROPN | Ne-S---MN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 8 προεἶχεν | nsubj | high | Subject of προεἶχεν. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἦν | cc | high | Connects second predication. |
| 12 | γνώμην | γνώμη | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 16 ἦν | obl | high | Accusative of respect/sphere with ἦν. |
| 13 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 ἦν | obl | high | Introduces comparison. |
| 14 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-P---MA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 15 ἄλλους | det | high | Article with ἄλλους. |
| 15 | ἄλλους | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-P---MA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 13 ὑπὲρ | obj | high | Object of ὑπέρ. |
| 16 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3IAIX-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 8 προεἶχεν | conj | medium | Second coordinated predicate; likely elliptical/attributive sense 'was ... in judgment'. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 προεἶχεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 δοκεῖ | cc | high | Links consequence clause. |
| 19 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-P---NG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural|PronType=Dem | 20 ἕνεκα | nmod | high | Dependent genitive with ἕνεκα. |
| 20 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 δοκεῖ | obl | high | Postposition governing genitive. |
| 21 | αἱρεθῆναί | αἱρέω | VERB | V--ANP--- | Case=Nominative|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 23 δοκεῖ | csubj | medium | Infinitival subject of δοκεῖ; morphology label is imperfectly captured by the available tag set. |
| 22 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-S---MD- | Case=Dative|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 23 δοκεῖ | iobj | high | Dative with δοκεῖ. |
| 23 | δοκεῖ | δοκέω | VERB | V3PAAI-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause predicate. |
| 24 | βασιλεύειν | βασιλεύω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 αἱρεθῆναί | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive dependent on αἱρεθῆναί. |
| 25 | ὑπʼ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 24 βασιλεύειν | obl | high | Agent phrase introducing genitive. |
| 26 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-P---NG- | Case=Genitive|Number=Plural|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 25 ὑπʼ | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ὑπό. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 δοκεῖ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
πεποίηται δὲ καὶ Ἀσίῳ τοιάδε ἐς αὐτόν·
Elliptical/telegraphic syntax: πεποίηται governs the dative Ἀσίῳ and a neuter plural object τοιάδε with prepositional phrase ἐς αὐτόν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-3SRI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect middle/passive form used intransitively/passively: 'has been made/is made'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 Ἀσίῳ | cc | high | Connects Ἀσίῳ with an omitted coordinating context. |
| 4 | Ἀσίῳ | Ἄσιος | PROPN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 πεποίηται | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/interest; proper name. |
| 5 | τοιάδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | PD-NA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 πεποίηται | obj | medium | Neuter plural accusative substantive 'such things'. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 αὐτόν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 7 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | RP3MSA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 πεποίηται | obl | high | Prepositional object of ἐς. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |
Ἀντίθεον δὲ Πελασγὸν ἐν ὑψικόμοισιν ὄρεσσι γαῖα μέλαινʼ ἀνέδωκεν, ἵνα θνητῶν γένος εἴη.
Ἀντίθεον Πελασγόν is analyzed as a coordinated/appositive accusative naming the object; ὑψικόμοισιν ὄρεσσι is a prepositional phrase modifying the verb, and the ἵνα-clause is attached as a purpose clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀντίθεον | Ἀντίθεος | PROPN | Neut? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνέδωκεν | obj | medium | Proper name treated as accusative object of ἀνέδωκεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 9 ἀνέδωκεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Πελασγὸν | Πελασγός | PROPN | Nom/Acc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἀντίθεον | flat | medium | Appositive/epithet modifying Ἀντίθεον. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 6 ὄρεσσι | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 5 | ὑψικόμοισιν | ὑψικόμος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ὄρεσσι | amod | medium | Could be adjective used substantively/attributively with ὄρεσσι. |
| 6 | ὄρεσσι | ὄρος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἀνέδωκεν | obl | high | Prepositional oblique. |
| 7 | γαῖα | γαῖα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνέδωκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνέδωκεν. |
| 8 | μέλαινʼ | μέλας | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 γαῖα | amod | high | Elided final vowel. |
| 9 | ἀνέδωκεν | ἀναδίδωμι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀνέδωκεν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 11 | ἵνα | ἵνα | SCONJ | _ | _ | 14 εἴη | mark | high | Purpose clause marker. |
| 12 | θνητῶν | θνητός | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 γένος | amod | high | Attributive genitive. |
| 13 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 εἴη | nsubj | high | Subject of εἴη. |
| 14 | εἴη | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἀνέδωκεν | advcl | high | Purpose/result clause dependent on ἀνέδωκεν. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀνέδωκεν | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |