Grammar parses for passage 8.10.10
Open translation for this passage
Λεωκύδους δὲ τοῦ Μεγαλοπολιτῶν ὁμοῦ Λυδιάδῃ στρατηγήσαντος πρόγονον ἔνατον Ἀρκεσίλαον οἰκοῦντα ἐν Λυκοσούρᾳ λέγουσιν οἱ Ἀρκάδες ὡς ἴδοι τὴν ἱερὰν τῆς καλουμένης Δεσποίνης ἔλαφον πεπονηκυῖαν ὑπὸ γήρως·
The genitive absolute Λεωκύδους ... στρατηγήσαντος sets the temporal/background frame. λέγουσιν takes a content clause with ἴδοι; Ἀρκεσίλαον is the accusative subject of the infinitival participial phrase οἰκοῦντα ..., with πρόγονον ἔνατον as its predicative/object-like description. ὡς is treated as a complementizer introducing the reported perception.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λεωκύδους | Λεωκύδης | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 στρατηγήσαντος | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Μεγαλοπολιτῶν | det | high | Article with the patronymic/ethnic noun. |
| 4 | Μεγαλοπολιτῶν | Μεγαλοπολίτης | NOUN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 Λεωκύδους | nmod | medium | Genitive identifying Λεωκύδης as ‘of the Megalopolitans’; appositional/ethnic genitive. |
| 5 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 στρατηγήσαντος | advmod | high | Adverb ‘together’. |
| 6 | Λυδιάδῃ | Λυδιάδης | PROPN | N--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 στρατηγήσαντος | obl | high | Dative accompaniment with ὁμοῦ. |
| 7 | στρατηγήσαντος | στρατηγέω | VERB | V-AAPGSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 λέγουσιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 8 | πρόγονον | πρόγονος | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ἀρκεσίλαον | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative/description of Ἀρκεσίλαον within the reported claim. |
| 9 | ἔνατον | ἔνατος | ADJ | A--ASM- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πρόγονον | amod | high | |
| 10 | Ἀρκεσίλαον | Ἀρκεσίλαος | PROPN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 οἰκοῦντα | obj | high | Accusative subject-like argument of the participle οἰκοῦντα in reported content. |
| 11 | οἰκοῦντα | οἰκέω | VERB | V-PAPASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ἴδοι | advcl | medium | Accusative participle agreeing with Ἀρκεσίλαον; temporal/attributive background to ἴδοι. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | Case=Dat | 13 Λυκοσούρᾳ | case | high | |
| 13 | Λυκοσούρᾳ | Λυκόσουρα | PROPN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 οἰκοῦντα | obl | high | Place governed by ἐν. |
| 14 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI3P--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Ἀρκάδες | det | high | |
| 16 | Ἀρκάδες | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ἴδοι | mark | high | Introduces the content clause. |
| 18 | ἴδοι | ὁράω | VERB | V-2AOI3S--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 14 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Aorist optative in reported/oblique content. |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἱερὰν | det | high | |
| 20 | ἱερὰν | ἱερός | ADJ | A--ASF- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἔλαφον | amod | high | Adjective modifying ἔλαφον. |
| 21 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 καλουμένης | det | high | |
| 22 | καλουμένης | καλέω | VERB | V-PPPGSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 23 Δεσποίνης | amod | high | Participial modifier of Δεσποίνης. |
| 23 | Δεσποίνης | Δέσποινα | PROPN | N-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἱερὰν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱεράν: the sacred [deer] of Despoina. |
| 24 | ἔλαφον | ἔλαφος | NOUN | N-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἴδοι | obj | high | Object of ἴδοι. |
| 25 | πεπονηκυῖαν | πονέω | VERB | V-RAPASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἔλαφον | acl | high | Perfect active participle agreeing with ἔλαφον; state resulting from age. |
| 26 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | Case=Gen | 27 γήρως | case | high | |
| 27 | γήρως | γῆρας | NOUN | N-GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 πεπονηκυῖαν | obl | high | Genitive cause/agent-like complement of πεπονηκυῖαν. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
τῇ δὲ ἐλάφῳ ταύτῃ ψάλιόν τε εἶναι περὶ τὸν τράχηλον καὶ γράμματα ἐπὶ τῷ ψαλίῳ, νεβρὸς ἐὼν ἑάλων, ὅτʼ ἐς Ἴλιον ἦν Ἀγαπήνωρ.
The sentence is an accusative-and-infinitive construction dependent on an understood reporting verb: the doe is said to have a collar around its neck and letters on the collar; ἐὼν agrees with the omitted/understood subject of ἑάλων, while Ἀγαπήνωρ is the subject of ἦν in the temporal clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | D--FS-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐλάφῳ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἐλάφῳ | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐλάφῳ | ἔλαφος | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 εἶναι | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/association with the infinitival statement. |
| 4 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | DET | D--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐλάφῳ | det | high | |
| 5 | ψάλιόν | ψάλιον | NOUN | N--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Predicate noun in the infinitival clause, with εἶναι; neuter nominative/accusative form is syncretic. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ψάλιόν | cc | high | |
| 7 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 19 ἑάλων | ccomp | medium | Infinitive in coordinated accusative-and-infinitive content; higher governing verb is understood. |
| 8 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 τράχηλον | case | high | |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | D--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 τράχηλον | det | high | |
| 10 | τράχηλον | τράχηλος | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ψάλιόν | nmod | high | Object of περί; phrase modifies ψάλιον. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 γράμματα | cc | high | |
| 12 | γράμματα | γράμμα | NOUN | N--NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 εἶναι | conj | medium | Coordinated predicate noun with ψάλιον; neuter form is syncretic. |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 ψαλίῳ | case | high | |
| 14 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | D--DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ψαλίῳ | det | high | |
| 15 | ψαλίῳ | ψάλιον | NOUN | N--DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 γράμματα | nmod | high | Object of ἐπί; phrase modifies γράμματα. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἑάλων | punct | high | |
| 17 | νεβρὸς | νεβρός | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἑάλων | xcomp | medium | Predicative participial complement: ‘being a fawn’; agrees with the understood subject of ἑάλων. |
| 18 | ἐὼν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 19 ἑάλων | advcl | high | |
| 19 | ἑάλων | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V-AAM-1S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | low | Form is textually difficult; interpreted as first-person aorist active ‘I was captured/taken’, with omitted first-person subject. It governs the preceding infinitival content. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἑάλων | punct | high | |
| 21 | ὅτʼ | ὅτε | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 24 ἦν | mark | high | Elided form of ὅτε. |
| 22 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 Ἴλιον | case | high | |
| 23 | Ἴλιον | Ἴλιος | PROPN | N--ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἦν | obl | high | |
| 24 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 19 ἑάλων | advcl | high | Temporal clause with ὅτε. |
| 25 | Ἀγαπήνωρ | Ἀγαπήνωρ | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἑάλων | punct | high |
οὗτος μὲν δὴ ἐπιδείκνυσιν ὁ λόγος ἔλαφον εἶναι πολλῷ καὶ ἐλέφαντος μακροβιώτερον θηρίον·
The subject is ὁ λόγος; ἐπιδείκνυσιν takes an infinitival complement εἶναι with accusative subject ἔλαφον and predicate θηρίον. πολλῷ modifies the comparative μακροβιώτερον adverbially ('by much'), while ἐλέφαντος is the genitive of comparison.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PD.NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 ἐπιδείκνυσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | XF | _ | 4 ἐπιδείκνυσιν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | XF | _ | 4 ἐπιδείκνυσιν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἐπιδείκνυσιν | ἐπιδείκνυμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA.NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 λόγος | det | high | |
| 6 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐπιδείκνυσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπιδείκνυσιν; οὗτος is a demonstrative preposed modifier/appositional determiner. |
| 7 | ἔλαφον | ἔλαφος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 8 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐπιδείκνυσιν | xcomp | high | |
| 9 | πολλῷ | πολύς | ADV | A-DNS | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 μακροβιώτερον | advmod | medium | Dative of degree modifying the comparative. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | XF | _ | 11 ἐλέφαντος | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἐλέφαντος | ἐλέφας | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 μακροβιώτερον | obl | high | Genitive of comparison governed by μακροβιώτερον. |
| 12 | μακροβιώτερον | μακροβιώτερος | ADJ | A-ASM-C | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 θηρίον | amod | high | Comparative adjective modifying θηρίον. |
| 13 | θηρίον | θηρίον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate noun of εἶναι; agreement is by construction with the neuter predicate phrase. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐπιδείκνυσιν | punct | high |