Grammar parses for passage 8.10.9
Open translation for this passage
πολέμῳ δὲ καὶ ἀνθρώπων φόνοις παρεῖναι θεοὺς ἐποίησαν μὲν ὅσοις τὰ ἡρώων ἐμέλησεν ἐν Ἰλίῳ παθήματα, ᾄδεται δὲ ὑπὸ Ἀθηναίων ὡς θεοί σφισιν ἐν Μαραθῶνι καὶ ἐν Σαλαμῖνι τοῦ ἔργου μετάσχοιεν·
The first clause has an accusative-and-infinitive construction after ἐποίησαν; the second is reported speech introduced by ὡς, with aorist optative μετάσχοιεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | Ncmsd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 παρεῖναι | obl | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 18 ᾄδεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 5 φόνοις | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | Ncmpg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 φόνοις | nmod | high | |
| 5 | φόνοις | φόνος | NOUN | Ncmpd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 παρεῖναι | obl | high | |
| 6 | παρεῖναι | πάρειμι | VERB | Vnpainf | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ἐποίησαν | xcomp | high | |
| 7 | θεοὺς | θεός | NOUN | Ncmpa | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 παρεῖναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 8 | ἐποίησαν | ποιέω | VERB | V3pmai | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Q | _ | 8 ἐποίησαν | discourse | high | |
| 10 | ὅσοις | ὅστις | PRON | Prpdmd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐμέλησεν | iobj | medium | Dative with ἐμέλησεν, introducing the relative clause. |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Tnapna | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 παθήματα | det | high | |
| 12 | ἡρώων | ἥρως | NOUN | Ncmpg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 παθήματα | nmod | high | |
| 13 | ἐμέλησεν | μέλω | VERB | V3saa | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ἐποίησαν | advcl | medium | Impersonal verb; ὅσοις is dative experiencer and παθήματα its subject. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 15 Ἰλίῳ | case | high | |
| 15 | Ἰλίῳ | Ἴλιον | PROPN | Npnsd | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 παθήματα | obl | high | |
| 16 | παθήματα | πάθημα | NOUN | Nn-pna | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐμέλησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐποίησαν | punct | high | |
| 18 | ᾄδεται | ᾄδω | VERB | V3spmi | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 8 ἐποίησαν | conj | high | Impersonal/passive 'is sung/related'. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 18 ᾄδεται | cc | high | |
| 20 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 21 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | |
| 21 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Np-gpg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ᾄδεται | obl:agent | high | |
| 22 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | Cs | _ | 32 μετάσχοιεν | mark | high | |
| 23 | θεοί | θεός | NOUN | Ncmpn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 μετάσχοιεν | nsubj | high | |
| 24 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3pd | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 32 μετάσχοιεν | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/benefit. |
| 25 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 26 Μαραθῶνι | case | high | |
| 26 | Μαραθῶνι | Μαραθών | PROPN | Npm-sd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 μετάσχοιεν | obl | high | |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 29 Σαλαμῖνι | cc | high | |
| 28 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 29 Σαλαμῖνι | case | high | |
| 29 | Σαλαμῖνι | Σαλαμίς | PROPN | Npf-sd | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 μετάσχοιεν | obl | high | |
| 30 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Tmsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἔργου | det | high | |
| 31 | ἔργου | ἔργον | NOUN | Nnsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 μετάσχοιεν | obl | medium | Genitive with μετέχω: 'share in the deed'; gender mismatch in article suggests textual/orthographic irregularity. |
| 32 | μετάσχοιεν | μετέχω | VERB | V3pao | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 ᾄδεται | ccomp | high | Optative in reported speech after ᾄδεται ὡς. |
| 33 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ᾄδεται | punct | high |
ἐκδηλότατα δὲ ὁ Γαλατῶν στρατὸς ἀπώλετο ἐν Δελφοῖς ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ἐναργῶς ὑπὸ δαιμόνων.
The aorist middle ἀπώλετο is intransitive here (‘perished’), with ὁ στρατός as subject; the two ὑπό-phrases express divine agency, the second coordinated by καί and modified by ἐναργῶς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκδηλότατα | ἔκδηλος | ADV | Adverb-Superlative | Degree=Sup | 6 ἀπώλετο | advmod | medium | Superlative adverb modifying the manner or extent of perishing. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 6 ἀπώλετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-----MSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 στρατὸς | det | high | |
| 4 | Γαλατῶν | Γαλάτης | PROPN | Nb-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 στρατὸς | nmod | high | Genitive ethnic/name modifier of στρατός. |
| 5 | στρατὸς | στρατός | NOUN | N-----NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀπώλετο | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἀπώλετο | ἀπόλλυμι | VERB | V3SAIM | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Intransitive aorist middle: ‘perished’. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 8 Δελφοῖς | case | high | |
| 8 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | Nb-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀπώλετο | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 9 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 11 θεοῦ | case | high | Agent-marking preposition with genitive. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-----MSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 θεοῦ | det | high | |
| 11 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | N-----GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀπώλετο | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive-like/resultative event, though ἀπώλετο is middle. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 14 ὑπὸ | cc | high | Coordinates the second agent phrase with the first. |
| 13 | ἐναργῶς | ἐναργής | ADV | Adverb | _ | 14 ὑπὸ | advmod | medium | Manner adverb modifying the second agency assertion. |
| 14 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 15 δαιμόνων | case | high | Agent-marking preposition with genitive. |
| 15 | δαιμόνων | δαίμων | NOUN | N-----GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀπώλετο | obl:agent | medium | Second coordinated agent; ὑπό may be understood elliptically with the verb. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀπώλετο | punct | high |
οὕτω καὶ Μαντινεῦσιν ἕπεται οὐκ ἄνευ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος τὸ κράτος γενέσθαι σφίσι.
ἕπεται governs the infinitival clause τὸ κράτος γενέσθαι; οὐκ ἄνευ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος modifies the infinitive, while σφίσι is a dative of reference with κράτος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D- | _ | 4 ἕπεται | advmod | high | |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 4 ἕπεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | Μαντινεῦσιν | Μαντινεύς | PROPN | Ne-Dp | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἕπεται | iobj | high | Dative of reference/experiencer. |
| 4 | ἕπεται | ἕπομαι | VERB | V3SPMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D- | Polarity=Neg | 11 γενέσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 6 | ἄνευ | ἄνευ | ADP | R- | _ | 8 Ποσειδῶνος | case | high | |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Sg-Gn | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Ποσειδῶνος | det | high | |
| 8 | Ποσειδῶνος | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | Ne-Gs | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἄνευ. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Sg-An | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 κράτος | det | high | |
| 10 | κράτος | κράτος | NOUN | N-An | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 11 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 4 ἕπεται | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἕπεται. |
| 12 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | Rh-Dp | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 κράτος | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/possessor with κράτος. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἕπεται | punct | high |