Grammar parses for passage 8.10.3
Open translation for this passage
ἐσόδου δὲ ἐς αὐτὸ εἴργοντες ἀνθρώπους ἔρυμα μὲν πρὸ τῆς ἐσόδου προεβάλοντο οὐδέν, μίτον δὲ διατείνουσιν ἐρεοῦν, τάχα μέν που τοῖς τότε ἄγουσι τὰ θεῖα ἐν τιμῇ δεῖμα καὶ τοῦτο ἔσεσθαι νομίζοντες, τάχα δʼ ἄν τι μετείη καὶ ἰσχύος τῷ μίτῳ.
Main construction: ἐσόδου ... εἴργοντες is a genitive absolute-like/partitive temporal frame with a participial subject understood as the builders; προεβάλοντο and διατείνουσιν are coordinated finite predicates. ἐρεοῦν is an infinitive dependent on διατείνουσιν (material/purpose: stretch a wool thread). The final participial clause gives two alternative motivations, with μετείη an optative in indirect deliberative/assertive context; some attachment of ἐσόδου and ἔρυμα is interpretively uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐσόδου | εἴσοδος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 εἴργοντες | obl | medium | Genitive in the introductory temporal/circumstantial phrase; possibly genitive absolute-like with εἴργοντες. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 προεβάλοντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 αὐτὸ | case | high | |
| 4 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 5 εἴργοντες | obl | high | Object of εἴργοντες with ἐς. |
| 5 | εἴργοντες | εἴργω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 προεβάλοντο | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle, subject understood as the agents of προεβάλοντο/διατείνουσιν. |
| 6 | ἀνθρώπους | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 εἴργοντες | obj | high | |
| 7 | ἔρυμα | ἔρυμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 προεβάλοντο | obj | medium | Object of προεβάλοντο; predicate is ‘put forward/provide as a barrier’. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 7 ἔρυμα | discourse | high | Correlative with δὲ at token 16. |
| 9 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 ἐσόδου | case | high | |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 ἐσόδου | det | high | |
| 11 | ἐσόδου | εἴσοδος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔρυμα | nmod | high | ‘in front of the entrance,’ dependent on ἔρυμα. |
| 12 | προεβάλοντο | προβάλλω | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | First main finite predicate. |
| 13 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | PRON | καν-? | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 12 προεβάλοντο | obj | medium | Substantival neuter ‘nothing’; form can also be analyzed as οὐδέν from οὐδείς. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 προεβάλοντο | punct | high | |
| 15 | μίτον | μίτος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 διατείνουσιν | obj | high | |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 διατείνουσιν | cc | high | Contrasts with μὲν at token 8. |
| 17 | διατείνουσιν | διατείνω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 προεβάλοντο | conj | high | Coordinated second main predicate. |
| 18 | ἐρεοῦν | ἐρέω | VERB | V-FAI? | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 17 διατείνουσιν | xcomp | low | Future infinitive, likely ‘to be wool’; exact lexical analysis of ἐρεοῦν is uncertain. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 διατείνουσιν | punct | high | |
| 20 | τάχα | τάχα | ADV | ADV | _ | 34 νομίζοντες | advmod | high | First alternative speculation. |
| 21 | μέν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 20 τάχα | discourse | high | Correlative with δʼ at token 37. |
| 22 | που | που | ADV | ADV | _ | 20 τάχα | advmod | high | Indefinite particle/adverb ‘perhaps, somehow’. |
| 23 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 25 ἄγουσι | det | high | |
| 24 | τότε | τότε | ADV | ADV | _ | 25 ἄγουσι | advmod | high | Temporal modifier of ἄγουσι. |
| 25 | ἄγουσι | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 30 δεῖμα | nmod | high | Substantivized dative participle, ‘those who then hold/practice’. |
| 26 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 27 θεῖα | det | high | |
| 27 | θεῖα | θεῖος | NOUN | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ἄγουσι | obj | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘divine things/rites’. |
| 28 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 29 τιμῇ | case | high | |
| 29 | τιμῇ | τιμή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἄγουσι | obl | high | ἐν τιμῇ, ‘in honor’. |
| 30 | δεῖμα | δεῖμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 34 νομίζοντες | obj | high | Object of νομίζοντες: ‘fearing/considering fear’. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 32 τοῦτο | cc | high | |
| 32 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | D-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 33 ἔσεσθαι | nsubj | medium | Subject of ἔσεσθαι in the accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 33 | ἔσεσθαι | εἰμί | AUX | V-FMI | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 30 δεῖμα | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on δεῖμα/νομίζοντες; ‘that this too would be’. |
| 34 | νομίζοντες | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 διατείνουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle explaining the first motivation. |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 34 νομίζοντες | punct | high | |
| 36 | τάχα | τάχα | ADV | ADV | _ | 40 μετείη | advmod | high | Second alternative speculation. |
| 37 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 40 μετείη | cc | high | Correlative contrast with μέν at token 21. |
| 38 | ἄν | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 40 μετείη | aux | high | Modal particle with the optative. |
| 39 | τι | τις | PRON | P-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 40 μετείη | obj | high | Indefinite object, ‘something’. |
| 40 | μετείη | μέτειμι | VERB | V-OAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 34 νομίζοντες | advcl | medium | Optative with ἄν; likely ‘some power might also be involved/available’. |
| 41 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 42 ἰσχύος | cc | high | |
| 42 | ἰσχύος | ἰσχύς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 μετείη | obl | medium | Partitive or genitive of substance with μετείη: ‘some strength/power’. |
| 43 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 44 μίτῳ | det | high | |
| 44 | μίτῳ | μίτος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 μετείη | obl | high | Dative of association/reference: ‘for/in the thread’. |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 προεβάλοντο | punct | high |
φαίνεται δὲ καὶ Αἴπυτος ὁ Ἱππόθου μήτε πηδήσας ὑπὲρ τὸν μίτον μήτε ὑποδύς, διακόψας δὲ αὐτὸν ἐσελθὼν ἐς τὸ ἱερόν·
Αἴπυτος is the nominative subject of φαίνεται; the participial chain (πηδήσας, ὑποδύς, διακόψας, ἐσελθών) is coordinated/subordinated to that subject. The final ἐσελθών is most naturally understood as entering after cutting the thread, with the punctuation leaving some ambiguity in attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | φαίνεται | φαίνομαι | VERB | V-3S-PMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 φαίνεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 Αἴπυτος | advmod | medium | Coordinating/additive particle modifying the presentation of Αἴπυτος. |
| 4 | Αἴπυτος | Αἴπυτος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 φαίνεται | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Αἴπυτος | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἱππόθου | Ἱππόθοος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Αἴπυτος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive, ‘son of Hippothoos’. |
| 7 | μήτε | μήτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 πηδήσας | cc | high | |
| 8 | πηδήσας | πηδάω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 Αἴπυτος | advcl | high | First member of μήτε...μήτε coordination. |
| 9 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 μίτον | case | high | |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 μίτον | det | high | |
| 11 | μίτον | μίτος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πηδήσας | obl | high | |
| 12 | μήτε | μήτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ὑποδύς | cc | high | Second member of μήτε...μήτε coordination. |
| 13 | ὑποδύς | ὑποδύω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 πηδήσας | conj | high | Coordinated with πηδήσας; elliptical shared negation. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 διακόψας | punct | high | |
| 15 | διακόψας | διακόπτω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 Αἴπυτος | advcl | high | Participial adjunct, coordinated semantically with the preceding participles. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 διακόψας | cc | high | |
| 17 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 15 διακόψας | obj | high | Object of διακόψας, referring to the thread. |
| 18 | ἐσελθὼν | εἰσέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 διακόψας | advcl | medium | Aorist participle, likely subsequent to διακόψας. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 ἱερόν | case | high | |
| 20 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἱερόν | det | high | |
| 21 | ἱερόν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐσελθὼν | obl | high | |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 φαίνεται | punct | high |
καὶ ποιήσας οὐχ ὅσια ἐτυφλώθη τε ἐμπεσόντος ἐς τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῷ τοῦ κύματος καὶ αὐτίκα ἐπιλαμβάνει τὸ χρεὼν αὐτόν.
The participle ἐμπεσόντος is genitive absolute with τοῦ κύματος; αὐτῷ is a dative of reference with the resulting blindness. The final τὸ χρεών is a substantivized necessity expression, object of ἐπιλαμβάνει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἐτυφλώθη | cc | high | |
| 2 | ποιήσας | ποιέω | VERB | VPAANSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 5 ἐτυφλώθη | advcl | high | Aorist participle, subject understood as the main-clause subject. |
| 3 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | ด-------- | Polarity=Neg | 4 ὅσια | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ὅσια | ὅσιος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 2 ποιήσας | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, ‘unholy things’; object of ποιήσας. |
| 5 | ἐτυφλώθη | τυφλόω | VERB | VAIP3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἐτυφλώθη | cc | high | Correlative/additive τε linking the two coordinated predicates. |
| 7 | ἐμπεσόντος | ἐμπίπτω | VERB | VPAA-SNG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 5 ἐτυφλώθη | advcl | high | Genitive absolute; subject is τοῦ κύματος. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | Case=Acc | 10 ὀφθαλμοὺς | case | high | |
| 9 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | DAAM-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ὀφθαλμοὺς | det | high | |
| 10 | ὀφθαλμοὺς | ὀφθαλμός | NOUN | N-AAM-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐμπεσόντος | obl | high | Goal/location complement of ἐμπεσόντος. |
| 11 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-----DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 5 ἐτυφλώθη | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/affected person with ἐτυφλώθη. |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | D-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 κύματος | det | high | |
| 13 | κύματος | κῦμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐμπεσόντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἐπιλαμβάνει | cc | high | |
| 15 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 ἐπιλαμβάνει | advmod | high | |
| 16 | ἐπιλαμβάνει | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | VPAI3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 5 ἐτυφλώθη | conj | high | Coordinated finite predicate; present tense may be historical. |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | D-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 χρεὼν | det | high | |
| 18 | χρεὼν | χρεών | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἐπιλαμβάνει | obj | high | Substantivized necessity expression, ‘the inevitable’; spelling χρεών/χρεώ. |
| 19 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P----ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 16 ἐπιλαμβάνει | obj | high | Accusative person-object of ἐπιλαμβάνει. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐτυφλώθη | punct | high |