Grammar parses for passage 8.10.5
Open translation for this passage
πέραν δὲ τοῦ ἱεροῦ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος τρόπαιόν ἐστι λίθου πεποιημένον ἀπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ Ἄγιδος·
The sentence has an existential/copular construction: τρόπαιον is the subject of ἐστι, with πεποιημένον agreeing with it and ἀπό marking the makers/material source; πέραν τοῦ ἱεροῦ is a prepositional adverbial phrase, with πέραν used substantivally and governing the genitive. The exact semantic attachment of πεποιημένον is somewhat ambiguous but is taken here as a subject-oriented participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πέραν | πέραν | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 ἱεροῦ | advmod | medium | Substantival/adverbial πέραν governs the following genitive phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-dmg-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἱεροῦ | det | high | |
| 4 | ἱεροῦ | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-dgn-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστι | obl | high | Genitive complement of πέραν. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-dmg-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 Ποσειδῶνος | det | high | |
| 6 | Ποσειδῶνος | Ποσειδών | PROPN | N-dgm-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἱεροῦ | nmod | high | Dependent genitive identifying the sanctuary. |
| 7 | τρόπαιόν | τρόπαιον | NOUN | N-nan-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Neuter subject of ἐστι. |
| 8 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-pai3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-gmn-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 πεποιημένον | obl | medium | Genitive of material with πεποιημένον: made of stone. |
| 10 | πεποιημένον | ποιέω | VERB | V-rppnan-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 7 τρόπαιόν | acl | medium | Perfect passive participle agreeing with τρόπαιον; subject-oriented predicative description. |
| 11 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 12 Λακεδαιμονίων | case | high | |
| 12 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-gpm-p | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 πεποιημένον | obl:agent | high | Agent/source of the passive participle. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Ἄγιδος | cc | high | |
| 14 | Ἄγιδος | Ἄγις | PROPN | N-gm-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Λακεδαιμονίων | conj | high | Coordinated genitive agent/source with Λακεδαιμονίων. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | punct | high |
λέγεται δὲ καὶ ὁ τρόπος τῆς μάχης.
Impersonal λέγεται introduces the coordinated subject ὁ τρόπος τῆς μάχης: ‘the manner of the battle is also related/described.’
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-PII-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγεται | advmod | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγεται | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τρόπος | det | high | |
| 5 | τρόπος | τρόπος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 λέγεται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 μάχης | det | high | |
| 7 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 τρόπος | nmod | high | |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high |
τὸ μὲν δεξιὸν εἶχον οἱ Μαντινεῖς αὐτοί, στρατιάν τε ἀπὸ πάσης ἡλικίας καὶ στρατηγὸν παρεχόμενοι Ποδάρην ἀπόγονον τρίτον Ποδάρου τοῦ Θηβαίοις ἐναντία ἀγωνισαμένου, παρῆν δέ σφισι καὶ μάντις Ἠλεῖος Θρασύβουλος Αἰνέου τῶν Ἰαμιδῶν---οὗτος ὁ ἀνὴρ νίκην τε τοῖς Μαντινεῦσι προηγόρευσε καὶ αὐτός σφισι τοῦ ἔργου μετέσχεν---·
The sentence coordinates εἶχον with παρῆν; παρεχόμενοι is a circumstantial participial adjunct, while the dash-separated οὗτος clause explains the seer’s actions. The genealogy around ἀπόγονον/ἀγωνισαμένου is syntactically compressed and has been represented with apposition and genitive modification.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DAI-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 δεξιὸν | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | RP | _ | 4 εἶχον | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δεξιὸν | δεξιός | ADJ | A-SNA | substantivized=Yes|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 εἶχον | obj | high | Substantivized adjective: the right wing. |
| 4 | εἶχον | ἔχω | VERB | V3PIAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | DPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Μαντινεῖς | det | high | |
| 6 | Μαντινεῖς | Μαντινεύς | PROPN | NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 εἶχον | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | αὐτοί | αὐτός | PRON | RP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 6 Μαντινεῖς | appos | high | Emphatic pronoun. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 εἶχον | punct | high | |
| 9 | στρατιάν | στρατιά | NOUN | N-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 παρεχόμενοι | obj | high | |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 16 παρεχόμενοι | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P | _ | 13 ἡλικίας | case | high | |
| 12 | πάσης | πᾶς | DET | A-SFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἡλικίας | det | high | Form is genitive despite surface ambiguity. |
| 13 | ἡλικίας | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-SFG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 στρατιάν | nmod | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 16 παρεχόμενοι | cc | high | |
| 15 | στρατηγὸν | στρατηγός | NOUN | N-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 παρεχόμενοι | obj | high | |
| 16 | παρεχόμενοι | παρέχω | VERB | V-PMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 6 Μαντινεῖς | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with subject Μαντινεῖς. |
| 17 | Ποδάρην | Ποδάρης | PROPN | N-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 στρατηγὸν | obj | high | |
| 18 | ἀπόγονον | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Ποδάρην | appos | high | Apposition: Podares, descendant. |
| 19 | τρίτον | τρίτος | ADJ | A-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Ordinal=Yes | 17 Ποδάρην | amod | high | Ordinal in genealogical phrase. |
| 20 | Ποδάρου | Ποδάρος | PROPN | N-SMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀπόγονον | nmod | high | |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | D-SMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Θηβαίοις | det | high | |
| 22 | Θηβαίοις | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ἐναντία | obl | medium | Dative with ἐναντία: against the Thebans. |
| 23 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A-APN | substantivized=Yes|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 ἀγωνισαμένου | obj | medium | Substantivized accusative plural, idiomatically opposing the Thebans. |
| 24 | ἀγωνισαμένου | ἀγωνίζομαι | VERB | V-AMP-SMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 20 Ποδάρου | acl | high | Genitive participial relative-like modifier. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἀγωνισαμένου | punct | high | |
| 26 | παρῆν | πάρειμι | VERB | V3SIAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 4 εἶχον | conj | high | Second coordinated finite clause. |
| 27 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 26 παρῆν | cc | high | |
| 28 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 26 παρῆν | obl | high | Dative of association/presence. |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 30 μάντις | cc | high | |
| 30 | μάντις | μάντις | NOUN | N-SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 παρῆν | nsubj | high | |
| 31 | Ἠλεῖος | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 μάντις | amod | high | Ethnic adjective. |
| 32 | Θρασύβουλος | Θρασύβουλος | PROPN | N-SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 μάντις | appos | high | |
| 33 | Αἰνέου | Αἰνείας | PROPN | N-SMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 Θρασύβουλος | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive relation. |
| 34 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | D-PMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 Ἰαμιδῶν | det | high | |
| 35 | Ἰαμιδῶν | Ἰαμίδαι | PROPN | N-PMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 33 Αἰνέου | nmod | high | Genitive lineage specification. |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 οὗτος | punct | high | |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 οὗτος | punct | high | |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 οὗτος | punct | high | |
| 39 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 46 προηγόρευσε | nsubj | high | Subject of προηγόρευσε and μετέσχεν. |
| 40 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | D-SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 ἀνὴρ | det | high | |
| 41 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 39 οὗτος | appos | high | Appositional noun phrase. |
| 42 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 46 προηγόρευσε | obj | high | |
| 43 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 46 προηγόρευσε | cc | high | |
| 44 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | D-PDM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 45 Μαντινεῦσι | det | high | |
| 45 | Μαντινεῦσι | Μαντινεύς | PROPN | N-PDM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 46 προηγόρευσε | iobj | high | |
| 46 | προηγόρευσε | προαγορεύω | VERB | V3SAAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 εἶχον | parataxis | high | Resumptive explanatory clause. |
| 47 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 52 μετέσχεν | cc | high | |
| 48 | αὐτός | αὐτός | PRON | RP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 52 μετέσχεν | nsubj | high | Emphatic subject. |
| 49 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 52 μετέσχεν | iobj | high | |
| 50 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | D-SNG | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 51 ἔργου | det | high | |
| 51 | ἔργου | ἔργον | NOUN | N-SNG | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 52 μετέσχεν | obl | high | Genitive with μετέχω. |
| 52 | μετέσχεν | μετέχω | VERB | V3SAAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 46 προηγόρευσε | conj | high | |
| 53 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 52 μετέσχεν | punct | high | |
| 54 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 52 μετέσχεν | punct | high | |
| 55 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 52 μετέσχεν | punct | high | |
| 56 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 εἶχον | punct | high |