Grammar parses for passage 8.10.6
Open translation for this passage
ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ εὐωνύμῳ πᾶν τὸ ἄλλο Ἀρκαδικὸν ἐτάσσοντο, ἄρχοντες δὲ κατὰ πόλεις τε ἦσαν καὶ Μεγαλοπολιτῶν Λυδιάδης καὶ Λεωκύδης·
The first clause has an understood plural subject (the Arcadians) with ἐτάσσοντο, likely middle/passive ‘were stationed’ under τῷ εὐωνύμῳ. The second clause coordinates ἄρχοντες ... ἦσαν, with κατὰ πόλεις adverbial and the two names appositional to Μεγαλοπολιτῶν (or identifying their leaders); the exact attachment of Μεγαλοπολιτῶν is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | Case=Dat | 4 εὐωνύμῳ | case | high | Takes the dative phrase τῷ εὐωνύμῳ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἐτάσσοντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 εὐωνύμῳ | det | high | |
| 4 | εὐωνύμῳ | εὐώνυμος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐτάσσοντο | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the left wing/side’. |
| 5 | πᾶν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀρκαδικὸν | amod | high | Agrees with τὸ ἄλλο Ἀρκαδικόν as a substantival neuter phrase. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἄλλο | det | high | |
| 7 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀρκαδικὸν | amod | high | Adjectival modifier in the substantival phrase. |
| 8 | Ἀρκαδικὸν | Ἀρκαδικός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐτάσσοντο | nsubj | medium | Substantivized ‘the rest of Arcadia/Arcadian territory’; semantic subject of the middle/passive verb. |
| 9 | ἐτάσσοντο | τάσσω | VERB | V-IPI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Form is 3rd plural imperfect middle/passive; plural subject is understood or may reflect a collective/territorial subject. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNC | _ | 9 ἐτάσσοντο | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἄρχοντες | ἄρχων | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦσαν; ‘being commanders/rulers’. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἦσαν | cc | high | Connective introducing the second clause. |
| 13 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | Case=Acc | 14 πόλεις | case | high | With accusative πόλεις, ‘by cities’. |
| 14 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἦσαν | obl | high | Adverbial distribution phrase. |
| 15 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἦσαν | cc | high | Coordinating particle with καί at token 17. |
| 16 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 9 ἐτάσσοντο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb; copular predicate is ἄρχοντες. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἦσαν | cc | high | Correlative/coordinating particle with τε. |
| 18 | Μεγαλοπολιτῶν | Μεγαλοπολίτης | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 Λυδιάδης | nmod | medium | Genitive plural ethnonym, likely ‘of the Megalopolitans’, associated with the following names. |
| 19 | Λυδιάδης | Λυδιάδης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἦσαν | conj | medium | First named commander; coordinated with Λεωκύδης and linked to ἄρχοντες. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 Λεωκύδης | cc | high | |
| 21 | Λεωκύδης | Λεωκύδης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Λυδιάδης | conj | high | Second named commander, coordinated with Λυδιάδης. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNC | _ | 9 ἐτάσσοντο | punct | high |
τὸ μέσον δὲ Ἆγις καὶ οἱ περὶ τὸν βασιλέα εἶχον.
The neuter article and adjective τὸ μέσον are substantivized as the object of εἶχον (‘held the middle/central position’); Ἆγις and οἱ περὶ τὸν βασιλέα form the coordinated subject. The imperfect εἶχον is morphologically ambiguous between 3rd plural and 1st singular, but the coordinated plural subject requires 3rd plural.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 μέσον | det | high | |
| 2 | μέσον | μέσος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 εἶχον | obj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective: ‘the middle/central position’. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 εἶχον | cc | high | |
| 4 | Ἆγις | Ἆγις | PROPN | Nbmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 εἶχον | nsubj | high | Proper-name subject. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 Ἆγις | cc | high | Coordinates the two subject constituents. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 περὶ | det | high | Article substantivizing the following περὶ phrase. |
| 7 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 βασιλέα | case | high | |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 βασιλέα | det | high | |
| 9 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἆγις | conj | medium | The article + περὶ phrase is a substantivized coordinated subject: ‘those around the king’; attachment of the coordination to Ἆγις is syntactic analysis. |
| 10 | εἶχον | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Form is also syncretic with 1st singular, but coordinated plural subject requires 3rd plural. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 εἶχον | punct | high |