Grammar parses for passage 8.10.6
Open translation for this passage
ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ εὐωνύμῳ πᾶν τὸ ἄλλο Ἀρκαδικὸν ἐτάσσοντο, ἄρχοντες δὲ κατὰ πόλεις τε ἦσαν καὶ Μεγαλοπολιτῶν Λυδιάδης καὶ Λεωκύδης·
Two coordinated clauses with δέ; first has a prepositional phrase with implied/copular-like predication around ἐτάσσοντο, second lists leaders by city.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 9 ἐτάσσοντο | case | high | governs dative phrase |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 9 ἐτάσσοντο | discourse | high | postpositive connector |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA--D-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 εὐωνύμῳ | det | high | article with adjective used substantively |
| 4 | εὐωνύμῳ | εὐώνυμος | ADJ | A--ND-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἐπὶ | obl | medium | likely substantivized: 'on the left' / 'at the left side' |
| 5 | πᾶν | πᾶς | ADJ | A--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀρκαδικὸν | det | high | modifies ἄλλο |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA--NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Ἀρκαδικὸν | det | high | article with adjective/noun phrase |
| 7 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀρκαδικὸν | amod | high | modifies Ἀρκαδικὸν |
| 8 | Ἀρκαδικὸν | Ἀρκαδικός | ADJ | A--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐτάσσοντο | nsubj | high | subject of ἐτάσσοντο |
| 9 | ἐτάσσοντο | τάσσω | VERB | V-IIPM3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | main verb of first clause |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐτάσσοντο | punct | high | punctuation |
| 11 | ἄρχοντες | ἄρχων | NOUN | N----MP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | subject of ἦσαν |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 16 ἦσαν | discourse | high | connector |
| 13 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 14 πόλεις | case | high | governs accusative |
| 14 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-APFP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἦσαν | obl | high | adverbial/prepositional modifier |
| 15 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 16 ἦσαν | cc | high | enclitic coordinating particle |
| 16 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IIAI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | main verb of second clause |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἦσαν | cc | high | connects coordinated proper names |
| 18 | Μεγαλοπολιτῶν | Μεγαλοπολίτης | PROPN | N-PGMP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 Λυδιάδης | nmod | high | genitive modifier of Λυδιάδης |
| 19 | Λυδιάδης | Λυδιάδης | PROPN | N----MS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἦσαν | conj | high | coordinated subject/predicate nominative with 21 |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 Λυδιάδης | cc | high | joins the two names |
| 21 | Λεωκύδης | Λεωκύδης | PROPN | N----MS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Λυδιάδης | conj | high | coordinated with Λυδιάδης |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἦσαν | punct | high | punctuation |
Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ καὶ Ἆγις ἐπεξέτειναν τὴν φάλαγγα, ὡς τῶν ἐναντίων τῷ στρατεύματι ἀντιπαρήκοιεν·
The ὡς-clause is best analyzed as an adverbial clause of purpose/result with optative ἀντιπαρήκοιεν; ἐναντίων and στρατεύματι are both treated as complements within that clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Ne- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐπεξέτειναν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπεξέτειναν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 ἐπεξέτειναν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 4 Ἆγις | cc | high | Connects Ἆγις to Λακεδαιμόνιοι as coordinated subject. |
| 4 | Ἆγις | Ἆγις | PROPN | Ne- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | conj | high | Coordinated with Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 5 | ἐπεξέτειναν | ἐπεκτείνω | VERB | V3AAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-s---fa- | Article=Def|Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 φάλαγγα | det | high | Article modifying φάλαγγα. |
| 7 | φάλαγγα | φάλαγξ | NOUN | N--s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐπεξέτειναν | obj | high | Direct object of ἐπεξέτειναν. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐπεξέτειναν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | Df | _ | 14 ἀντιπαρήκοιεν | mark | high | Introduces purpose/result clause. |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-p---mg- | Article=Def|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐναντίων | det | high | Article modifying ἐναντίων. |
| 11 | ἐναντίων | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἀντιπαρήκοιεν | obl | medium | Likely genitive plural substantive, governed by ἀντιπαρήκοιεν. |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-s---md- | Article=Def|Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 στρατεύματι | det | high | Article modifying στρατεύματι. |
| 13 | στρατεύματι | στράτευμα | NOUN | N-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἀντιπαρήκοιεν | obl | high | Dative dependent with ἀντι- preverb sense. |
| 14 | ἀντιπαρήκοιεν | ἀντιπαρήκω | VERB | V3OAO3P | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἐπεξέτειναν | advcl | high | Clause introduced by ὡς; optative in indirect/potential purpose context. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐπεξέτειναν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τὸ μέσον δὲ Ἆγις καὶ οἱ περὶ τὸν βασιλέα εἶχον.
The main syntactic issue is the coordination of Ἆγις with οἱ περὶ τὸν βασιλέα; the latter is analyzed as a coordinated subject-like phrase modifying the verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 μέσον | det | high | Article modifying μέσον. |
| 2 | μέσον | μέσος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 εἶχον | obj | high | Substantivized adjective meaning 'the middle/center'; object of εἶχον. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 10 εἶχον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 4 | Ἆγις | Ἆγις | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 εἶχον | nsubj | high | Subject of εἶχον. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 Ἆγις | cc | high | Coordinates Ἆγις with the following subject phrase. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 βασιλέα | det | high | Article introducing περὶ τὸν βασιλέα. |
| 7 | περὶ | περί | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 9 βασιλέα | case | high | Preposition governing τὸν βασιλέα. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 βασιλέα | det | high | Article modifying βασιλέα. |
| 9 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἆγις | nmod | high | Prepositional phrase with περί modifying the coordinated subject reference. |
| 10 | εἶχον | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 εἶχον | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |