Grammar parses for passage 8.11.10
Open translation for this passage
ἐγεγόνει δὲ τῷ Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ μαντεία πρότερον ἔτι ἐκ Δελφῶν πέλαγος αὐτὸν φυλάσσεσθαι·
The syntax is an indirect statement with ἐγεγόνει and an infinitival oracle content; the prepositional phrase ἐκ Δελφῶν is attached to the infinitive, though its precise relation is somewhat interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐγεγόνει | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-3SIAI- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Plup|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐγεγόνει | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ | det | high | Article modifying the proper name. |
| 4 | Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ | Ἐπαμινώνδας | PROPN | N-DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἐγεγόνει | iobj | high | Dative experiencer/recipient with the impersonal content clause. |
| 5 | μαντεία | μαντεία | NOUN | N-NSF--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐγεγόνει | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγεγόνει. |
| 6 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 ἐγεγόνει | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 7 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 ἐγεγόνει | advmod | high | Temporal/continuative adverb. |
| 8 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 9 Δελφῶν | case | high | Preposition governing Δελφῶν. |
| 9 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-P---G- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 12 φυλάσσεσθαι | obl | medium | Likely complement of φυλάσσεσθαι; sense is somewhat uncertain. |
| 10 | πέλαγος | πέλαγος | NOUN | N-ASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 φυλάσσεσθαι | obj | high | Accusative object of φυλάσσεσθαι. |
| 11 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 φυλάσσεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 12 | φυλάσσεσθαι | φυλάσσω | VERB | V-PPMN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 5 μαντεία | ccomp | high | Content of the oracle. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
καὶ ὁ μὲν τριήρους τε μὴ ἐπιβῆναι μηδὲ ἐπὶ νεὼς φορτίδος πλεῦσαι δεῖμα εἶχε, τῷ δὲ ἄρα Πέλαγος δρυμὸν καὶ οὐ θάλασσαν προέλεγεν ὁ δαίμων.
The sentence has two coordinated clauses with ellipsis/implicit contrasts marked by μέν...δέ; the second clause’s object structure around Πέλαγος is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 εἶχε | cc | high | coordinating conjunction linking clauses |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 δεῖμα | det | high | article with implied subject |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 2 ὁ | discourse | high | correlative particle |
| 4 | τριήρους | τριήρης | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπιβῆναι | obj | high | dependent on infinitive ἐπιβῆναι as object/complement of a genitive-taking verb |
| 5 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 7 ἐπιβῆναι | discourse | medium | enclitic linking particle |
| 6 | μὴ | μή | PART | _ | _ | 7 ἐπιβῆναι | advmod | high | negates the infinitive |
| 7 | ἐπιβῆναι | ἐπιβαίνω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 δεῖμα | xcomp | high | complementary infinitive |
| 8 | μηδὲ | μηδέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ἐπιβῆναι | cc | high | connects coordinated infinitival clause |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 10 νεὼς | case | high | governs genitive |
| 10 | νεὼς | ναῦς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 πλεῦσαι | obl | high | object of preposition ἐπί |
| 11 | φορτίδος | φορτίς | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 νεὼς | amod | high | attributive adjective modifying ναῦς |
| 12 | πλεῦσαι | πλέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 εἶχε | xcomp | high | second coordinated infinitive |
| 13 | δεῖμα | δεῖμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 εἶχε | obj | high | thing feared; subject-like complement of εἶχε |
| 14 | εἶχε | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | main verb of first clause |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 εἶχε | punct | high | punctuation |
| 16 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 προέλεγεν | det | high | article with implied dative complement |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 24 προέλεγεν | discourse | high | postpositive continuative particle |
| 18 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | _ | _ | 24 προέλεγεν | discourse | high | inferential particle |
| 19 | Πέλαγος | πέλαγος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 προέλεγεν | obj | medium | likely predicate/object with προέλεγεν; interpretation uncertain |
| 20 | δρυμὸν | δρυμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 προέλεγεν | obj | high | accusative complement |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 οὐ | cc | high | coordinates nouns |
| 22 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 24 προέλεγεν | advmod | high | negates θάλασσαν in coordinated phrase |
| 23 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 δρυμὸν | conj | high | coordinated with δρυμὸν |
| 24 | προέλεγεν | προλέγω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 26 δαίμων | ccomp | high | embedded finite verb; likely indirect statement/complement |
| 25 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 δαίμων | det | high | article with subject |
| 26 | δαίμων | δαίμων | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 προέλεγεν | nsubj | high | subject of προέλεγεν |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 προέλεγεν | punct | high | punctuation |
χωρία δὲ τὰ ὁμώνυμα καὶ Ἀννίβαν ὕστερον τὸν Καρχηδόνιον καὶ πρότερον ἔτι Ἀθηναίους ἠπάτησεν.
The syntax is straightforward overall: a finite verb with multiple accusative objects, one of which is internally modified by an ethnic epithet; the opening χωρία may be construed as an additional object or as a separate accusative phrase depending interpretation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χωρία | χωρίον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἠπάτησεν | obj | medium | Likely accusative plural object; form may be read as χωρία/χωρία depending text tradition. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | D | _ | 14 ἠπάτησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ὁμώνυμα | det | high | Article modifying ὁμώνυμα. |
| 4 | ὁμώνυμα | ὁμώνυμος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 χωρία | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying χωρία. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 Ἀννίβαν | cc | high | Links coordinated object. |
| 6 | Ἀννίβαν | Ἀννίβας | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἠπάτησεν | obj | high | Coordinated accusative object. |
| 7 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 ἠπάτησεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the verb. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Καρχηδόνιον | det | high | Article modifying Καρχηδόνιον. |
| 9 | Καρχηδόνιον | Καρχηδόνιος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀννίβαν | amod | high | Adjectival ethnic epithet modifying Ἀννίβαν. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 Ἀθηναίους | cc | high | Links coordinated object. |
| 11 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 ἠπάτησεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the verb. |
| 12 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 ἠπάτησεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the verb. |
| 13 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Ne-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἠπάτησεν | obj | high | Coordinated accusative object. |
| 14 | ἠπάτησεν | ἀπατάω | VERB | V-3SAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἠπάτησεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |