Grammar parses for passage 8.11.10
Open translation for this passage
ἐγεγόνει δὲ τῷ Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ μαντεία πρότερον ἔτι ἐκ Δελφῶν πέλαγος αὐτὸν φυλάσσεσθαι·
The impersonal pluperfect ἐγεγόνει takes μαντεία as subject and τῷ Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ as experiencer/possessor; πέλαγος is the accusative subject of the infinitival oracle clause, with αὐτόν as its object and φυλάσσεσθαι as the infinitive. The construction is somewhat compressed, so the attachment of πρότερον/ἔτι is marked cautiously.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐγεγόνει | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Pluperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 ἐγεγόνει | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-D-SM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 5 μαντεία | iobj | high | Article introducing the dative personal name. |
| 4 | Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ | Ἐπαμινώνδας | PROPN | N-D-SM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 5 μαντεία | iobj | high | |
| 5 | μαντεία | μαντεία | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nominative|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 1 ἐγεγόνει | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | A-NNS | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 1 ἐγεγόνει | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative; temporal scope is somewhat compressed. |
| 7 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D | _ | 6 πρότερον | advmod | medium | Temporal adverb modifying the preceding adverbial expression. |
| 8 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 9 Δελφῶν | case | high | |
| 9 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 5 μαντεία | obl | high | Source/origin adjunct, likely modifying μαντεία. |
| 10 | πέλαγος | πέλαγος | NOUN | N-ANS | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 12 φυλάσσεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive φυλάσσεσθαι. |
| 11 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-SAM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 12 φυλάσσεσθαι | obj | high | |
| 12 | φυλάσσεσθαι | φυλάσσω | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 5 μαντεία | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on μαντεία as the content of the oracle. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high |
καὶ ὁ μὲν τριήρους τε μὴ ἐπιβῆναι μηδὲ ἐπὶ νεὼς φορτίδος πλεῦσαι δεῖμα εἶχε, τῷ δὲ ἄρα Πέλαγος δρυμὸν καὶ οὐ θάλασσαν προέλεγεν ὁ δαίμων.
The first μὲν-clause has an implied subject (the man) and εἶχε δεῖμα with articular infinitives as its complement; τῷ δὲ ... Πέλαγος is a dative of reference, while ὁ δαίμων is the subject of προέλεγεν. The exact force of τριήρους and the idiomatic construal of Πέλαγος are somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 εἶχε | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 δεῖμα | det | high | Article substantivizes an implied masculine subject. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 14 εἶχε | discourse | high | Correlative with δέ. |
| 4 | τριήρους | τριήρης | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπιβῆναι | obl | medium | Genitive with ἐπιβῆναι, probably referring to boarding a trireme; construction is somewhat idiomatic. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ἐπιβῆναι | cc | high | Links the coordinated infinitival complements. |
| 6 | μὴ | μή | PART | _ | _ | 7 ἐπιβῆναι | advmod | high | Negative particle with infinitive. |
| 7 | ἐπιβῆναι | ἐπιβαίνω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 δεῖμα | ccomp | high | First infinitive governed by δεῖμα εἶχε. |
| 8 | μηδὲ | μηδέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 πλεῦσαι | cc | high | Coordinates the second negative infinitival complement. |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 10 νεὼς | case | high | |
| 10 | νεὼς | ναῦς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 φορτίδος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on φορτίδος. |
| 11 | φορτίδος | φορτίς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 πλεῦσαι | obl | high | Genitive with πλεῦσαι; ἐπὶ νεὼς φορτίδος means aboard a cargo ship. |
| 12 | πλεῦσαι | πλέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 δεῖμα | conj | high | Second infinitive coordinated with ἐπιβῆναι. |
| 13 | δεῖμα | δεῖμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 εἶχε | obj | high | Object of εἶχε, with infinitives as its content. |
| 14 | εἶχε | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 εἶχε | punct | high | |
| 16 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Πέλαγος | det | high | Article with substantivized dative reference. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 προέλεγεν | cc | high | Contrasts the second clause with the first. |
| 18 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | _ | _ | 24 προέλεγεν | discourse | high | Inferential or narrative particle. |
| 19 | Πέλαγος | πέλαγος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 προέλεγεν | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement of προέλεγεν with implied subject/reference τῷ; neuter nominative/accusative form is syncretic. |
| 20 | δρυμὸν | δρυμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 προέλεγεν | obj | high | Object of προέλεγεν, contrasted with θάλασσαν. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 23 θάλασσαν | cc | high | Coordinates the contrasted objects. |
| 22 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 23 θάλασσαν | advmod | high | Negates θάλασσαν. |
| 23 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 δρυμὸν | conj | high | Second object coordinated with δρυμόν. |
| 24 | προέλεγεν | προλέγω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 14 εἶχε | conj | high | Finite verb of the δέ-clause. |
| 25 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 δαίμων | det | high | |
| 26 | δαίμων | δαίμων | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 προέλεγεν | nsubj | high | Subject of προέλεγεν. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 εἶχε | punct | high |
χωρία δὲ τὰ ὁμώνυμα καὶ Ἀννίβαν ὕστερον τὸν Καρχηδόνιον καὶ πρότερον ἔτι Ἀθηναίους ἠπάτησεν.
Elliptical coordination: χωρία τὰ ὁμώνυμα is the subject, with Ἀννίβαν ... and Ἀθηναίους as coordinated accusative objects of ἠπάτησεν; τὰ ὁμώνυμα agrees with χωρία, while the participial adjective is substantivized. Adverbial comparatives ὕστερον and πρότερον contrast the objects' temporal order.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χωρία | χωρίον | NOUN | Nbna | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἠπάτησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἠπάτησεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S-pna | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ὁμώνυμα | det | high | |
| 4 | ὁμώνυμα | ὁμώνυμος | ADJ | A-pna | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 χωρία | amod | high | Substantivized adjective, agreeing with χωρία. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 Ἀννίβαν | cc | high | Coordinates the first and second object. |
| 6 | Ἀννίβαν | Ἀννίβας | PROPN | Ne-sma | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἠπάτησεν | obj | high | |
| 7 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Cmp | 6 Ἀννίβαν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the event as involving Hannibal later. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S-sma | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Καρχηδόνιον | det | high | |
| 9 | Καρχηδόνιον | Καρχηδόνιος | ADJ | A-sma | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀννίβαν | appos | high | Ethnic adjective in apposition to Ἀννίβαν. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 Ἀθηναίους | cc | high | Coordinates Ἀθηναίους with Ἀννίβαν. |
| 11 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Cmp | 13 Ἀθηναίους | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the event as involving Athenians earlier. |
| 12 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 πρότερον | advmod | high | Further modifies πρότερον, ‘still/earlier yet’. |
| 13 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Ne-pma | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἠπάτησεν | obj | high | Coordinated object with Ἀννίβαν. |
| 14 | ἠπάτησεν | ἀπατάω | VERB | V3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἠπάτησεν | punct | high |