Grammar parses for passage 8.12.7
Open translation for this passage
καλεῖται δὲ τὸ χωρίον τοῦτο ἐφʼ ἡμῶν Πτόλις.
Passive καλεῖται takes χωρίον as nominative subject and Πτόλις as a nominative predicate/name; ἐπί with genitive ἡμῶν means ‘in our time/under us’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καλεῖται | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 καλεῖται | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 χωρίον | det | high | |
| 4 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 καλεῖται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 5 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | DET | D-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 χωρίον | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 ἡμῶν | case | high | Elided form before the following vowel. |
| 7 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1GP | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1 | 1 καλεῖται | obl | high | Genitive with ἐπί; temporal/circumstantial sense. |
| 8 | Πτόλις | Πτόλις | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 καλεῖται | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative/name with neuter χωρίον; grammatical agreement is not overtly regular, likely a place-name or appositional naming construction. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καλεῖται | punct | high |
κατὰ δὲ τὸ πρὸς ἄρκτον αὐτῆς προελθόντι ὁδὸν οὐ μακρὰν Ἀλαλκομενείας ἐστὶ πηγή,
The phrase κατὰ ... προελθόντι ὁδόν is difficult: προελθόντι is treated as a dative participle agreeing with an implicit traveler and governing the accusative distance expression ὁδόν; Ἀλαλκομενείας is a genitive place-name dependent on πηγή. The construction is somewhat textually or syntactically uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 7 προελθόντι | case | high | Preposition governing τὸ ... πρὸς ἄρκτον phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐστὶ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἄρκτον | det | medium | Neuter article substantivizing or introducing the directional phrase; case is uncertain in the transmitted syntax. |
| 4 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 5 ἄρκτον | case | high | Preposition governing ἄρκτον. |
| 5 | ἄρκτον | ἄρκτος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 προελθόντι | obl | high | Directional accusative with πρός, within the κατὰ phrase. |
| 6 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P-3GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 ἄρκτον | nmod | high | Genitive referring to the previously mentioned place or object. |
| 7 | προελθόντι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ὁδὸν | acl | low | Dative aorist participle; likely circumstantial and agreeing with an implicit person, with unusual attachment in the supplied text. |
| 8 | ὁδὸν | ὁδός | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 μακρὰν | obl | medium | Accusative of extent/distance, ‘a road/distance’; syntactic relation to προελθόντι is uncertain. |
| 9 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 μακρὰν | advmod | high | Clausal negator. |
| 10 | μακρὰν | μακρός | ADV | A-ASF | Degree=Pos | 12 ἐστὶ | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, ‘not far’; modifies the copular clause. |
| 11 | Ἀλαλκομενείας | Ἀλαλκομενεία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 πηγή | nmod | high | Place-name in the genitive, dependent on πηγή. |
| 12 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular main verb. |
| 13 | πηγή | πηγή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστὶ. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστὶ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τῆς Πτόλεως δὲ μετὰ σταδίους τριάκοντα κώμης τε ἐρείπια καλουμένης Μαιρᾶς καὶ τάφος Μαιρᾶς, εἰ δὴ ἐνταῦθα καὶ μὴ ἐν τῇ Τεγεατῶν ἐτάφη·
Elliptical locative/nominal clause: Πτόλεως depends on an understood landmark expression; ἐρείπια and τάφος are coordinated subjects/complements, with καλουμένης agreeing with κώμης and the final εἰ-clause supplying the burial-location alternative. The attachment of τῆς Πτόλεως is necessarily uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 Πτόλεως | det | high | |
| 2 | Πτόλεως | Πτόλεως | PROPN | Ne----G-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐρείπια | nmod | medium | Genitive place-name in an elliptical locative construction. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἐρείπια | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 σταδίους | case | high | |
| 5 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N----A-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐρείπια | obl | high | Measure of distance after μετά. |
| 6 | τριάκοντα | τριάκοντα | NUM | M-------- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur | 5 σταδίους | nummod | medium | Indeclinable numeral agreeing syntactically with σταδίους. |
| 7 | κώμης | κώμη | NOUN | N----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 καλουμένης | obl | medium | Genitive absolute-like descriptive phrase; semantically modifies the ruins. |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἐρείπια | cc | high | Coordinates the first nominal item with τάφος. |
| 9 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | First coordinated nominal in an elliptical clause. |
| 10 | καλουμένης | καλέω | VERB | V-PPPGFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 7 κώμης | acl | high | Agrees with κώμης; names the village. |
| 11 | Μαιρᾶς | Μαιρᾶ | PROPN | Ne----G-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 καλουμένης | xcomp | high | Predicate/name complement of καλουμένης. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 τάφος | cc | high | |
| 13 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | N----NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐρείπια | conj | high | Second coordinated nominal; understood as an additional landmark. |
| 14 | Μαιρᾶς | Μαιρᾶ | PROPN | Ne----G-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 τάφος | nmod | high | Genitive name dependent on τάφος. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐρείπια | punct | high | |
| 16 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 ἐτάφη | mark | high | |
| 17 | δὴ | δή | PART | X-------- | _ | 24 ἐτάφη | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 18 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 24 ἐτάφη | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ἐνταῦθα | cc | medium | Coordinative/adversative καί with following μὴ ἐν phrase. |
| 20 | μὴ | μή | PART | T-------- | Polarity=Neg | 21 ἐν | advmod | high | Negates the alternative locative phrase. |
| 21 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 24 ἐτάφη | case | high | |
| 22 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T----DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 Τεγεατῶν | det | high | |
| 23 | Τεγεατῶν | Τεγεάται | PROPN | Ne----G-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 τῇ | nmod | medium | Ethnic place-name in the genitive, dependent on the understood locality noun. |
| 24 | ἐτάφη | θάπτω | VERB | V-API3S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 13 τάφος | advcl | high | Aorist passive: 'was buried'; subject is understood Μαιρᾶς. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐρείπια | punct | high |
Τεγεάταις γὰρ τοῦ λόγου τὸ εἰκὸς καὶ οὐ Μαντινεῦσιν ἕπεται, Μαιρὰν τὴν Ἄτλαντος παρὰ σφίσι ταφῆναι.
ἕπεται governs the coordinated datives Τεγεάταις and Μαντινεῦσιν; τὸ εἰκὸς τοῦ λόγου is the nominative subject, followed by an accusative-and-infinitive construction explaining the claim.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τεγεάταις | Τεγεάτης | PROPN | N--DP-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἕπεται | iobj | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G----- | Polarity=Pos | 10 ἕπεται | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 λόγου | det | high | |
| 4 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N--GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 εἰκὸς | nmod | high | Genitive with τὸ εἰκός, ‘what is likely/reasonable’. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 εἰκὸς | det | high | |
| 6 | εἰκὸς | εἰκός | NOUN | N--NSN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἕπεται | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter participial form. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C----- | _ | 10 ἕπεται | cc | high | |
| 8 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 10 ἕπεται | advmod | high | |
| 9 | Μαντινεῦσιν | Μαντινεύς | PROPN | N--DPM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἕπεται | iobj | high | Coordinated dative complement of ἕπεται. |
| 10 | ἕπεται | ἕπομαι | VERB | V3SPI-M- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἕπεται | punct | high | |
| 12 | Μαιρὰν | Μαιρά | PROPN | N--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ταφῆναι | obj | high | |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Μαιρὰν | det | high | |
| 14 | Ἄτλαντος | Ἄτλας | PROPN | N--GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Μαιρὰν | nmod | high | Patronymic/kinship genitive. |
| 15 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R------A | AdpType=Prep | 16 σφίσι | case | high | With dative σφίσι. |
| 16 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P------D- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 17 ταφῆναι | obl | high | Dative after παρά in the sense ‘among/with them’. |
| 17 | ταφῆναι | θάπτω | VERB | V--ANM-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 10 ἕπεται | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement; accusative Μαιράν is its subject (AcI). |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἕπεται | punct | high |
τάχα δʼ ἂν καὶ ἀπόγονος τῆς Ἄτλαντος Μαιρᾶς ἑτέρα Μαιρὰ ἀφίκοιτο ἐς τὴν Μαντινικήν.
Optative ἀφίκοιτο with modal ἄν is the predicate; ἑτέρα Μαιρὰ is the subject, with ἀπόγονος as a predicate noun and Μαιρᾶς dependent on it. The genitive phrase τῆς Ἄτλαντος Μαιρᾶς identifies the earlier Maira; Ἄτλαντος is an indeclinable proper-name genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τάχα | τάχα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Pos | 11 ἀφίκοιτο | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἀφίκοιτο | cc | high | Elided form of δέ. |
| 3 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | X-------- | _ | 11 ἀφίκοιτο | aux | medium | Modal particle governing the optative. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 Μαιρὰ | advmod | medium | Conjunctive/adverbial καί, ‘also’. |
| 5 | ἀπόγονος | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Μαιρὰ | appos | medium | Predicate/appositional noun agreeing with Μαιρὰ. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-S---GF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Μαιρᾶς | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἄτλαντος | Ἄτλας | PROPN | Ne----GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Μαιρᾶς | nmod | medium | Proper-name genitive; form is morphologically indeclinable/ambiguous in Greek usage. |
| 8 | Μαιρᾶς | Μαιρά | PROPN | N----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀπόγονος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀπόγονος. |
| 9 | ἑτέρα | ἕτερος | ADJ | A----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Μαιρὰ | amod | high | |
| 10 | Μαιρὰ | Μαιρά | PROPN | N----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀφίκοιτο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφίκοιτο. |
| 11 | ἀφίκοιτο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V3S-AOM- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle optative with modal ἄν. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 Μαντινικήν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-S---AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Μαντινικήν | det | high | |
| 14 | Μαντινικήν | Μαντινική | PROPN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀφίκοιτο | obl | high | Directional goal with ἐς. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἀφίκοιτο | punct | high |