Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 8.13.3

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Passage 8.13.3

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2sentences parsed

41Greek tokens

1,561input tokens

3,074output tokens

Sentence 1

8.13.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 18
Input: 746
Output: 1,325
Total: 2,071

σωροὶ δὲ ὑπὸ τὴν πόλιν λίθων εἰσὶ διεστηκότες ἀπὸ ἀλλήλων, ἐπενήθησαν δὲ ἐν πολέμῳ πεσοῦσιν ἀνδράσιν.

Two clauses are coordinated by δέ; the second begins with a possibly uncertain verb form ἐπενήθησαν, and πεσοῦσιν likely functions attributively with ἀνδράσιν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	σωροὶ	σωρός	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 εἰσὶ	nsubj	high	Subject of εἰσὶ.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	7 εἰσὶ	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	R	_	5 πόλιν	case	high	Introduces prepositional phrase.
4	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 πόλιν	det	high	Article with πόλιν.
5	πόλιν	πόλις	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 εἰσὶ	obl	high	Object of ὑπό in a locative sense.
6	λίθων	λίθος	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	1 σωροὶ	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of σωροὶ.
7	εἰσὶ	εἰμί	AUX	V-3PPI	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Copular/existential predication with participle.
8	διεστηκότες	διίστημι	VERB	V-RAP-NPM	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	7 εἰσὶ	xcomp	high	Predicative participle agreeing with σωροὶ.
9	ἀπὸ	ἀπό	ADP	R	_	10 ἀλλήλων	case	high	Introduces separation phrase.
10	ἀλλήλων	ἀλλήλων	PRON	A-APM	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur	8 διεστηκότες	obl	medium	Genitive after ἀπό; reciprocal pronoun.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 εἰσὶ	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
12	ἐπενήθησαν	ἐπαινέω	VERB	V-AIP-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	medium	Likely second clause verb; form is uncertain, but sense suggests praise/honor.
13	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	12 ἐπενήθησαν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
14	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R	_	15 πολέμῳ	case	high	Introduces temporal/contextual phrase.
15	πολέμῳ	πόλεμος	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 ἐπενήθησαν	obl	high	Oblique complement of ἐπενήθησαν.
16	πεσοῦσιν	πίπτω	VERB	V-AAP-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	17 ἀνδράσιν	amod	high	Attributive participle modifying ἀνδράσιν.
17	ἀνδράσιν	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 ἐπενήθησαν	obl	high	Dative complement with ἐν.
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	12 ἐπενήθησαν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 2

8.13.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 23
Input: 815
Output: 1,749
Total: 2,564

οἷς τισι δὲ Πελοποννησίων ἐπολέμησαν ἢ τῶν ἄλλων ἢ Ἀρκάδων αὐτῶν, οὔτε ἐπιγράμματα ἐπὶ τοῖς τάφοις ἐσήμαινεν οὔτε οἱ Ὀρχομένιοι μνημονεύουσιν.

Syntax is partially irregular: the first clause has a relative dative with coordinated genitives after ἐπολέμησαν, and the second clause uses correlative οὔτε...οὔτε with two coordinated predicates.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οἷς	ὅς	PRON	Pp3dm	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Rel	5 ἐπολέμησαν	obj	high	Relative pronoun, dative plural referring to persons.
2	τισι	τις	PRON	Px	Case=Dat\|Gender=Com\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Ind	1 οἷς	det	medium	Indefinite pronoun modifying the relative pronoun; orthography without accent preserved.
3	δὲ	δέ	PART	G	_	5 ἐπολέμησαν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
4	Πελοποννησίων	Πελοποννήσιοι	PROPN	Ne	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 ἐπολέμησαν	nsubj	medium	Likely subject of ἐπολέμησαν in genitive with partitive/source nuance.
5	ἐπολέμησαν	πολεμέω	VERB	V-aia-3p	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of the relative clause.
6	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	Cc	_	7 τῶν	cc	high	First disjunct in coordinated genitives.
7	τῶν	ὁ	DET	Tf-pgm	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	8 ἄλλων	det	high	Article with ἄλλων.
8	ἄλλων	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-pgm	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 Πελοποννησίων	conj	medium	Coordinated genitive group after ἤ.
9	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	Cc	_	10 Ἀρκάδων	cc	high	Second disjunct.
10	Ἀρκάδων	Ἀρκάς	PROPN	Ne	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 Πελοποννησίων	conj	medium	Coordinated genitive group; ethnic name.
11	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	Px	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	10 Ἀρκάδων	det	medium	Possessive/genitive intensive modifier of Ἀρκάδων.
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	5 ἐπολέμησαν	punct	high	Punctuation.
13	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	Cc	_	18 ἐσήμαινεν	cc	high	Correlative negative coordinator.
14	ἐπιγράμματα	ἐπίγραμμα	NOUN	N-pn	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 ἐσήμαινεν	nsubj	medium	Neuter plural; could be construed as subject of ἐσήμαινεν.
15	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R	Case=Dat	17 τάφοις	case	high	Preposition governing dative.
16	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-dpm	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	17 τάφοις	det	high	Article with τάφοις.
17	τάφοις	τάφος	NOUN	N-dpm	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 ἐπιγράμματα	nmod	high	Prepositional complement of ἐπιγράμματα.
18	ἐσήμαινεν	σημαίνω	VERB	V-iai-3s	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	low	Surface singular conflicts with nearby plural subject; likely text/coordination issue, but keep as given.
19	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	Cc	_	22 μνημονεύουσιν	cc	high	Second correlative negative coordinator.
20	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-pmn	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	21 Ὀρχομένιοι	det	high	Article with Ὀρχομένιοι.
21	Ὀρχομένιοι	Ὀρχομένιος	PROPN	Ne	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	22 μνημονεύουσιν	nsubj	high	Subject of μνημονεύουσιν.
22	μνημονεύουσιν	μνημονεύω	VERB	V-pia-3p	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Second coordinated main verb.
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	22 μνημονεύουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.

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