Grammar parses for passage 8.14.9
Open translation for this passage
Φενεατῶν δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἀκροπόλεως καταβαίνοντι ἔστι μὲν στάδιον, ἔστι δὲ ἐπὶ λόφου μνῆμα Ἰφικλέους ἀδελφοῦ τε Ἡρακλέους καὶ Ἰολάου πατρός.
The first ἔστι clause is existential with an understood/impersonal subject and στάδιον as its predicative noun; καταβαίνοντι is a dative participle agreeing with the implied traveler. The second ἔστι clause has μνῆμα as its subject, with Ἰφικλέους and the following genitives dependent on it in apposition/identification.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Φενεατῶν | Φενεάτης | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 καταβαίνοντι | nmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 ἀκροπόλεως | case | high | |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-SF---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀκροπόλεως | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀκροπόλεως | ἀκρόπολις | NOUN | N-SGF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 καταβαίνοντι | obl | high | |
| 6 | καταβαίνοντι | καταβαίνω | VERB | V-PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἔστι | advcl | medium | Dative of the implied person traveling down; the understood referent is not overtly expressed. |
| 7 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 7 ἔστι | discourse | high | |
| 9 | στάδιον | στάδιον | NOUN | N-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἔστι | nsubj | medium | Existential/locative construction; nominative subject or predicative noun is syntactically ambiguous. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 7 ἔστι | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ἔστι | conj | high | |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 λόφου | case | high | |
| 14 | λόφου | λόφος | NOUN | N-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 μνῆμα | nmod | high | |
| 15 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἔστι | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | Ἰφικλέους | Ἰφικλῆς | PROPN | N-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 μνῆμα | nmod | high | |
| 17 | ἀδελφοῦ | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Ἰφικλέους | appos | medium | Genitive appositional description of Ἰφικλέους. |
| 18 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ἀδελφοῦ | cc | high | |
| 19 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἀδελφοῦ | nmod | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 πατρός | cc | high | |
| 21 | Ἰολάου | Ἰόλαος | PROPN | N-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 πατρός | nmod | high | |
| 22 | πατρός | πατήρ | NOUN | N-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Ἰφικλέους | appos | medium | Genitive appositional description of Ἰφικλέους, coordinated with ἀδελφοῦ. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 7 ἔστι | punct | high |
Ἰόλαον μὲν δὴ τὰ πολλὰ Ἡρακλεῖ συγκάμνειν λέγουσιν Ἕλληνες·
The accusative-and-infinitive report is headed by λέγουσιν: Greeks say that Iolaus toils with Heracles; τὰ πολλὰ is a substantivized neuter plural accusative used adverbially. Ἰόλαον is masculine despite the tokenizer-compatible xpos uncertainty.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἰόλαον | Ἰόλαος | PROPN | Neuter? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 συγκάμνειν | obj | high | Accusative object of συγκάμνειν in the reported infinitival clause. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | μέν | _ | 1 Ἰόλαον | discourse | high | Correlative/discourse particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | δή | _ | 1 Ἰόλαον | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Art-Acc-Neut-Pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 πολλὰ | det | high | Article substantivizing πολλὰ. |
| 5 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | A-Acc-Neut-Pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 συγκάμνειν | advmod | high | Substantivized neuter plural, ‘for the most part/much’; accusative adverbial. |
| 6 | Ἡρακλεῖ | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-Dat-Mas-Sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 συγκάμνειν | iobj | high | Dative complement/participant with συγκάμνειν, ‘to toil with Heracles’. |
| 7 | συγκάμνειν | συγκαμνω | VERB | V-Pres-Inf-Act | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive dependent on λέγουσιν; understood subject is Ἰόλαον. |
| 8 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-Pres-Ind-Act-3Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb introducing the infinitival report. |
| 9 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-Nom-Mas-Pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of λέγουσιν. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
Ἰφικλῆς δὲ ὁ Ἰολάου πατήρ, ἡνίκα ἐμαχέσατο Ἡρακλῆς πρὸς Ἠλείους τε καὶ Αὐγέαν τὴν προτέραν μάχην, τότε ὑπὸ τῶν παίδων ἐτρώθη τῶν Ἄκτορος, καλουμένων δὲ ἀπὸ Μολίνης τῆς μητρός.
The sentence has a nominal copular-like root (Ἰφικλῆς ... πατήρ) followed by a coordinated/paratactic finite clause; καλουμένων is a genitive participial adjunct modifying παίδων.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἰφικλῆς | Ἰφικλῆς | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πατήρ | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 πατήρ | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἰολάου | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἰολάου | Ἰόλαος | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πατήρ | nmod | high | |
| 5 | πατήρ | πατήρ | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 πατήρ | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἡνίκα | ἡνίκα | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 8 ἐμαχέσατο | mark | high | |
| 8 | ἐμαχέσατο | μάχομαι | VERB | V3SAMI--- | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 23 ἐτρώθη | advcl | high | |
| 9 | Ἡρακλῆς | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐμαχέσατο | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | P | _ | 11 Ἠλείους | case | high | |
| 11 | Ἠλείους | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N--APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐμαχέσατο | obl | high | |
| 12 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 Ἠλείους | cc | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Αὐγέαν | cc | high | |
| 14 | Αὐγέαν | Αὐγείας | PROPN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐμαχέσατο | obl | high | |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 μάχην | det | high | |
| 16 | προτέραν | πρότερος | ADJ | A--ASF- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 μάχην | amod | high | |
| 17 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐμαχέσατο | obj | medium | Accusative is an internal accusative specifying the earlier battle. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐμαχέσατο | punct | high | |
| 19 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 23 ἐτρώθη | advmod | high | |
| 20 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 22 παίδων | case | high | |
| 21 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 παίδων | det | high | |
| 22 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ἐτρώθη | obl:agent | high | |
| 23 | ἐτρώθη | τιτρώσκω | VERB | V3SAPI--- | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 5 πατήρ | parataxis | high | Main finite verb of the subsequent narrative clause. |
| 24 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 Ἄκτορος | det | high | |
| 25 | Ἄκτορος | Ἄκτωρ | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 παίδων | nmod | high | |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἐτρώθη | punct | high | |
| 27 | καλουμένων | καλέω | VERB | V-PMPGPM- | Aspect=Durative|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 22 παίδων | acl | medium | Genitive plural participle agrees with παίδων; its understood subject is the children. |
| 28 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 καλουμένων | cc | high | |
| 29 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P | _ | 30 Μολίνης | case | high | |
| 30 | Μολίνης | Μολίνη | PROPN | N--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 καλουμένων | obl | high | |
| 31 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 μητρός | det | high | |
| 32 | μητρός | μήτηρ | NOUN | N--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 Μολίνης | appos | high | Appositional identification of Molinē as the mother. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 πατήρ | punct | high |
καὶ ἤδη κάμνοντα κομίζουσιν οἱ προσήκοντες ἐς Φενεόν·
The finite verb κομίζουσιν has subject οἱ προσήκοντες; κάμνοντα is an accusative present participle agreeing with the understood/previously mentioned person being carried. ἐς introduces the destination Φενεόν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 κομίζουσιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | Adv | _ | 4 κομίζουσιν | advmod | high | |
| 3 | κάμνοντα | κάμνω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 κομίζουσιν | obj | medium | Accusative participle, likely the person being carried; its antecedent is outside this sentence. |
| 4 | κομίζουσιν | κομίζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | Art-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 προσήκοντες | det | high | |
| 6 | προσήκοντες | προσήκω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 κομίζουσιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized participle: those related/concerned. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | Prep | _ | 8 Φενεόν | case | high | |
| 8 | Φενεόν | Φενεός | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 κομίζουσιν | obl | high | Destination with ἐς. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 4 κομίζουσιν | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα ἀνὴρ Φενεάτης αὐτὸν Βουφάγος καὶ ἡ τοῦ Βουφάγου γυνὴ Πρώμνη περιεῖπόν τε εὖ καὶ ἀποθανόντα ἐκ τοῦ τραύματος ἔθαψαν.
The sentence has coordinated aorist verbs περιεῖπον and ἔθαψαν with a shared plural subject (ἀνήρ ... καὶ ἡ γυνή); ἀποθανόντα is an accusative circumstantial participle referring to Βουφάγος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D- | PronType=Dem | 20 ἔθαψαν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἔθαψαν | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | Φενεάτης | Φενεάτης | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Ethnic noun used attributively. |
| 4 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 12 περιεῖπόν | obj | high | |
| 5 | Βουφάγος | Βουφάγος | PROPN | Ne-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 αὐτὸν | appos | medium | Personal name in apposition to αὐτόν. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 12 περιεῖπόν | cc | high | |
| 7 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | L-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 γυνὴ | det | high | |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Βουφάγου | det | high | |
| 9 | Βουφάγου | Βουφάγος | PROPN | Ne-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 γυνὴ | nmod:poss | high | |
| 10 | γυνὴ | γυνή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 περιεῖπόν | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | Πρώμνη | Πρώμνη | PROPN | Ne-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 γυνὴ | appos | high | |
| 12 | περιεῖπόν | περιποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 20 ἔθαψαν | conj | high | First coordinated finite verb. |
| 13 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 12 περιεῖπόν | cc | high | |
| 14 | εὖ | εὖ | ADV | D- | _ | 12 περιεῖπόν | advmod | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CC- | _ | 20 ἔθαψαν | cc | high | Coordinates περιεῖπον and ἔθαψαν. |
| 16 | ἀποθανόντα | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 περιεῖπόν | advcl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with αὐτόν; temporal/circumstantial. |
| 17 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-G | _ | 19 τραύματος | case | high | |
| 18 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 τραύματος | det | high | |
| 19 | τραύματος | τραῦμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἀποθανόντα | obl | high | Source/cause phrase dependent on ἀποθανόντα. |
| 20 | ἔθαψαν | θάπτω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated finite verb. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔθαψαν | punct | high |