Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 8.15.3

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Passage 8.15.3

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3sentences parsed

73Greek tokens

2,392input tokens

5,370output tokens

Sentence 1

8.15.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 13
Input: 685
Output: 976
Total: 1,661

καὶ ἐπίθημα ἐπʼ αὐτῷ περιφερές ἐστιν, ἔχον ἐντὸς Δήμητρος πρόσωπον Κιδαρίας·

The syntax is straightforward overall, but ἐντὸς and Κιδαρίας are somewhat uncertain in their exact attachment; I analyze ἐντὸς as adverbial to πρόσωπον and Κιδαρίας as a genitive modifier of πρόσωπον.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	2 ἐπίθημα	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction introducing the clause.
2	ἐπίθημα	ἐπίθημα	NOUN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἐστιν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἐστιν.
3	ἐπʼ	ἐπί	ADP	_	_	4 αὐτῷ	case	high	Preposition governing αὐτῷ.
4	αὐτῷ	αὐτός	PRON	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἐστιν	obl	high	Dative object of ἐπʼ.
5	περιφερές	περιφερής	ADJ	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	2 ἐπίθημα	amod	medium	Predicate adjective modifying ἐπίθημα.
6	ἐστιν	εἰμί	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main copular verb.
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐστιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
8	ἔχον	ἔχω	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	2 ἐπίθημα	advcl	high	Participial clause agreeing with ἐπίθημα.
9	ἐντὸς	ἐντός	ADV	_	_	11 πρόσωπον	advmod	medium	Adverbial modifier of πρόσωπον; could be construed with the participial phrase.
10	Δήμητρος	Δήμητηρ	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 πρόσωπον	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of πρόσωπον.
11	πρόσωπον	πρόσωπον	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 ἔχον	obj	high	Object/complement of ἔχον.
12	Κιδαρίας	Κιδαρίας	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 πρόσωπον	nmod	low	Likely genitive dependent of πρόσωπον; form is ambiguous/possibly epithet or possessive.
13	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐστιν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 2

8.15.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 20
Input: 761
Output: 1,551
Total: 2,312

τοῦτο ὁ ἱερεὺς περιθέμενος τὸ πρόσωπον ἐν τῇ μείζονι καλουμένῃ τελετῇ ῥάβδοις κατὰ λόγον δή τινα τοὺς ὑποχθονίους παίει.

The main syntactic challenge is the participial and prepositional modifiers clustered around ἱερεύς; δή τινα is treated as an adverbial particle plus indefinite modifier of κατὰ λόγον.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τοῦτο	οὗτος	PRON	PD-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	19 παίει	obj	high	Direct object of παίει.
2	ὁ	ὁ	DET	P-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	3 ἱερεὺς	det	high	Article with ἱερεύς.
3	ἱερεὺς	ἱερεύς	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 παίει	nsubj	high	Main subject of παίει.
4	περιθέμενος	περιτίθημι	VERB	V-AMP-NSM	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	3 ἱερεὺς	advcl	high	Adverbial participle modifying ἱερεύς.
5	τὸ	ὁ	DET	P-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 πρόσωπον	det	high	Article with πρόσωπον.
6	πρόσωπον	πρόσωπον	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 περιθέμενος	obj	high	Object of περιθέμενος.
7	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R	_	11 τελετῇ	case	high	Introduces prepositional phrase.
8	τῇ	ὁ	DET	P-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	11 τελετῇ	det	high	Article with τελετῇ.
9	μείζονι	μέγας	ADJ	A-DSF-C	Case=Dat\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 τελετῇ	amod	high	Attributive adjective modifying τελετῇ.
10	καλουμένῃ	καλέω	VERB	V-PPP-DSF	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	11 τελετῇ	acl	high	Participial modifier of τελετῇ.
11	τελετῇ	τελετή	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 παίει	obl	high	Locative/instrumental oblique in the ἐν-phrase.
12	ῥάβδοις	ῥάβδος	NOUN	N-DPF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	19 παίει	obl	high	Instrumental dative with παίει.
13	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	R	_	14 λόγον	case	high	Preposition governing λόγον.
14	λόγον	λόγος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 παίει	obl	high	Adverbial prepositional complement of παίει.
15	δή	δή	PART	D	_	16 τινα	advmod	medium	Enclitic particle modifying τινα.
16	τινα	τις	PRON	PI-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	14 λόγον	amod	medium	Indefinite modifier of λόγον; agreement is somewhat loose.
17	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	P-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	18 ὑποχθονίους	det	high	Article with ὑποχθονίους.
18	ὑποχθονίους	ὑποχθόνιος	ADJ	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 παίει	obj	high	Direct object of παίει.
19	παίει	παίω	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Finite main verb.
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	19 παίει	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 3

8.15.3 sentence 3

Tokens: 40
Input: 946
Output: 2,843
Total: 3,789

Φενεατῶν δέ ἐστι λόγος, καὶ πρὶν ἢ Ναὸν ἀφικέσθαι γὰρ καὶ ἐνταῦθα Δήμητρα πλανωμένην· ὅσοι δὲ Φενεατῶν οἴκῳ τε καὶ ξενίοις ἐδέξαντο αὐτήν, τούτοις τὰ ὄσπρια ἡ θεὸς τὰ ἄλλα, κύαμον δὲ οὐκ ἔδωκέ σφισι.

The syntax is somewhat episodic: an initial λόγος-clause is followed by a temporal infinitival clause, then a relative clause with a correlative dative, and finally a coordinated main assertion about what the goddess gave and withheld.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Φενεατῶν	Φενεᾶται	PROPN	N-p---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 λόγος	nsubj	medium	Treat as ethnonym in genitive dependent on λόγος; syntax somewhat loose.
2	δέ	δέ	PART	G--------	_	4 λόγος	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐστι	εἰμί	AUX	V-3spia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	4 λόγος	cop	high	Copular auxiliary.
4	λόγος	λόγος	NOUN	N-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	high	Predicate noun governing the clause.
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 λόγος	punct	high	Punctuation.
6	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G--------	_	4 λόγος	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
7	πρὶν	πρίν	SCONJ	G--------	_	10 ἀφικέσθαι	mark	high	Introduces infinitival temporal clause.
8	ἢ	ἤ	SCONJ	G--------	_	10 ἀφικέσθαι	mark	medium	Correlative element with πρίν.
9	Ναὸν	Ναός	PROPN	N-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 ἀφικέσθαι	obj	medium	Likely proper name Ναός/Ναόν as object of ἀφικέσθαι.
10	ἀφικέσθαι	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V---anm---	Aspect=Perf\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	4 λόγος	advcl	high	Infinitival temporal clause dependent on λόγος/clausal frame.
11	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	G--------	_	10 ἀφικέσθαι	discourse	high	Explanatory particle.
12	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G--------	_	10 ἀφικέσθαι	cc	high	Links adverbial elements.
13	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνταῦθα	ADV	D--------	_	10 ἀφικέσθαι	advmod	high	Adverb modifying ἀφικέσθαι or implied location of action.
14	Δήμητρα	Δημήτηρ	PROPN	N-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 πλανωμένην	obj	high	Object of πλανωμένην.
15	πλανωμένην	πλανάω	VERB	V-pppamfa-	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	10 ἀφικέσθαι	xcomp	medium	Participial complement, likely describing Demeter.
16	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	4 λόγος	punct	high	Punctuation.
17	ὅσοι	ὅσος	DET	Pk-p---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	24 ἐδέξαντο	nsubj	high	Head of relative-correlative clause.
18	δὲ	δέ	PART	G--------	_	24 ἐδέξαντο	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
19	Φενεατῶν	Φενεᾶται	PROPN	N-p---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	20 οἴκῳ	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent on οἴκῳ; likely 'of the Pheneatans'.
20	οἴκῳ	οἶκος	NOUN	N-s---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 ἐδέξαντο	obl	high	Dative of manner/means with ἐδέξαντο.
21	τε	τε	CCONJ	G--------	_	20 οἴκῳ	cc	high	Enclitic linker in τε καί pair.
22	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G--------	_	23 ξενίοις	cc	high	Second coordinator in paired construction.
23	ξενίοις	ξένιος	ADJ	A-p---nd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	20 οἴκῳ	conj	medium	Likely substantive 'hospitalities/guest-friendship' or adjectival dative coordinated with οἴκῳ.
24	ἐδέξαντο	δέχομαι	VERB	V-3pami---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of the relative clause.
25	αὐτήν	αὐτός	PRON	P-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Person=3	24 ἐδέξαντο	obj	high	Direct object of ἐδέξαντο.
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	24 ἐδέξαντο	punct	high	Punctuation.
27	τούτοις	οὗτος	PRON	Pd-p---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	38 ἔδωκέ	iobj	high	Dative beneficiary with ἔδωκε.
28	τὰ	ὁ	DET	Ra-p---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	29 ὄσπρια	det	high	Article.
29	ὄσπρια	ὄσπριον	NOUN	N-p---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	38 ἔδωκέ	obj	high	Object of ἔδωκε.
30	ἡ	ὁ	DET	Ra-s---fn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 θεὸς	det	high	Article.
31	θεὸς	θεός	NOUN	N-s---fn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	38 ἔδωκέ	nsubj	high	Subject of ἔδωκε.
32	τὰ	ὁ	DET	Ra-p---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	33 ἄλλα	det	high	Article.
33	ἄλλα	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-p---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	29 ὄσπρια	amod	medium	Modifier of ὄσπρια, meaning 'the rest/other things'.
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	38 ἔδωκέ	punct	high	Punctuation.
35	κύαμον	κύαμος	NOUN	N-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	38 ἔδωκέ	obj	high	Second coordinated object with adversative δέ.
36	δὲ	δέ	PART	G--------	_	35 κύαμον	discourse	high	Contrastive particle.
37	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	D--------	_	38 ἔδωκέ	advmod	high	Negation.
38	ἔδωκέ	δίδωμι	VERB	V-3saia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	24 ἐδέξαντο	conj	high	Conjoined finite verb in same narrative frame.
39	σφισι	σφεῖς	PRON	P-p---md-	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3	38 ἔδωκέ	iobj	high	Dative indirect object.
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	38 ἔδωκέ	punct	high	Punctuation.

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