Grammar parses for passage 8.16.1
Open translation for this passage
ἐκ δὲ Φενεοῦ πρὸς ἥλιον ἰόντι ἀνίσχοντα ὄρους ἐστὶν ἄκρα Γερόντειον καὶ κατὰ ταύτην ὁδός·
The syntax is mainly an existential/copular clause with a coordinated second nominal (ὁδός) and several locative/prepositional modifiers; ἰόντι ἀνίσχοντα ὄρους is somewhat compressed and partly uncertain in attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 3 Φενεοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing Φενεοῦ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PtC | _ | 9 ἐστὶν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Φενεοῦ | Φενεός | PROPN | N-S---GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Genitive with ἐκ. |
| 4 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ἥλιον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 5 | ἥλιον | ἥλιος | NOUN | N-S---ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Accusative complement of πρός. |
| 6 | ἰόντι | εἶμι | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἐστὶν | advcl | high | Dative participle modifying the locative frame. |
| 7 | ἀνίσχοντα | ἀνίσχω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἥλιον | acl | medium | Likely participle agreeing with ἥλιον: 'rising/sun-rising'. |
| 8 | ὄρους | ὄρος | NOUN | N-S---GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνίσχοντα | obj | medium | Genitive dependent of ἀνίσχοντα, probably partitive/source-like. |
| 9 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb. |
| 10 | ἄκρα | ἄκρα | NOUN | N-S---NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Predicate noun or nominal subject in existential construction. |
| 11 | Γερόντειον | Γερόντειον | PROPN | A-S---NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἄκρα | amod | medium | Proper-name modifier of ἄκρα; form may be adjectival/toponymic. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ὁδός | cc | high | Coordinates with prior clause element. |
| 13 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 ταύτην | case | high | Preposition. |
| 14 | ταύτην | οὗτος | DET | PD-S---AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 15 ὁδός | det | high | Demonstrative determiner. |
| 15 | ὁδός | ὁδός | NOUN | N-S---NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Coordinated nominal with ἄκρα. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
Φενεάταις δὲ ὅροι πρὸς Στυμφαλίους τῆς γῆς τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ Γερόντειον.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: ὅροι likely takes a genitive complement (τῆς γῆς) and πρὸς phrase, while τοῦτό ἐστι introduces an identifying clause for Γερόντειον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Φενεάταις | Φενεάτης | PROPN | N-p---d- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 3 ὅροι | nsubj | medium | Dative with location/association sense; likely subject of ἐστι in dative of reference. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ὅροι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὅροι | ὅρος | NOUN | N-p---n- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 9 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι. |
| 4 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | _ | _ | 5 Στυμφαλίους | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 5 | Στυμφαλίους | Στυμφαλιος | PROPN | A-p---a- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 3 ὅροι | obl | high | Object of πρὸς; likely substantivized adjective for the Stymphalians. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---g- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 7 γῆς | det | high | Article modifying γῆς. |
| 7 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-s---g- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 3 ὅροι | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ὅροι; partitive/limiting relation. |
| 8 | τοῦτό | οὗτος | PRON | p-s---na- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Dem | 9 ἐστι | nsubj | medium | Likely proleptic subject of ἐστι, referring to the following noun phrase. |
| 9 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 11 Γερόντειον | det | high | Article modifying Γερόντειον. |
| 11 | Γερόντειον | Γερόντειον | NOUN | N-s---na- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 9 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Predicative nominative naming the place; could also be appositional complement. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τοῦ Γεροντείου δὲ ἐν ἀριστερᾷ διὰ τῆς Φενεατικῆς ὁδεύοντι ὄρη Φενεατῶν ἐστι Τρίκρηνα καλούμενα, καὶ εἰσὶν αὐτόθι κρῆναι τρεῖς·
The syntax is two coordinated copular clauses; the first has a participial dative phrase describing the traveler, and the predicate noun Τρίκρηνα is somewhat uncertain in category.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 Γεροντείου | det | high | Article modifying Γεροντείου. |
| 2 | Γεροντείου | Γερόντειον | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ὄρη | nmod | medium | Proper name in genitive; likely dependent on ὄρη. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἐστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ἀριστερᾷ | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 5 | ἀριστερᾷ | ἀριστερός | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ὁδεύοντι | obl | high | Adverbial dative phrase after ἐν. |
| 6 | διὰ | διά | ADP | _ | _ | 7 τῆς | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Φενεατικῆς | det | high | Article modifying Φενεατικῆς. |
| 8 | Φενεατικῆς | Φενεατικός | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ὁδεύοντι | obl | high | Genitive complement of διὰ. |
| 9 | ὁδεύοντι | ὁδεύω | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἐστι | advcl | high | Dative participial circumstantial phrase, probably agreeing with understood traveler. |
| 10 | ὄρη | ὄρος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι. |
| 11 | Φενεατῶν | Φενεάτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ὄρη | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ὄρη. |
| 12 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular verb. |
| 13 | Τρίκρηνα | Τρίκρηνα | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Likely predicate nominative/subject complement; form treated as proper-name-like neuter plural. |
| 14 | καλούμενα | καλέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 Τρίκρηνα | amod | high | Participial modifier of Τρίκρηνα. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστι | punct | high | Comma. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 εἰσὶν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 17 | εἰσὶν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second coordinated copular clause. |
| 18 | αὐτόθι | αὐτόθι | ADV | _ | _ | 17 εἰσὶν | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 19 | κρῆναι | κρήνη | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 εἰσὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσὶν. |
| 20 | τρεῖς | τρεῖς | NUM | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 κρῆναι | nummod | high | Numeral modifying κρῆναι. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 εἰσὶν | punct | high | Colon/punctuation mark. |
ἐν ταύταις λοῦσαι τεχθέντα Ἑρμῆν αἱ περὶ τὸ ὄρος λέγονται νύμφαι, καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ τὰς πηγὰς ἱερὰς Ἑρμοῦ νομίζουσιν.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: ἐν ταύταις introduces a dative locale, and the first clause likely contains an infinitival construction with λοῦσαι; the second clause coordinates a new finite verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P--------- | AdpType=Prep | 2 ταύταις | case | high | preposition with dative |
| 2 | ταύταις | οὗτος | DET | PD-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 10 λέγονται | obl | high | demonstrative modifying understood place/name? governs by ἐν |
| 3 | λοῦσαι | λούω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 10 λέγονται | xcomp | medium | likely infinitive dependent on λέγονται; sense slightly uncertain |
| 4 | τεχθέντα | τίκτω | VERB | V-APP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 Ἑρμῆν | amod | high | participle agreeing with Ἑρμῆν |
| 5 | Ἑρμῆν | Ἑρμῆς | PROPN | Ne-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 λοῦσαι | obj | high | object of λοῦσαι |
| 6 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | P---------------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 νύμφαι | det | high | article with νύμφαι |
| 7 | περὶ | περί | ADP | P--------- | AdpType=Prep | 9 ὄρος | case | high | preposition |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | P---------------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ὄρος | det | high | article with ὄρος |
| 9 | ὄρος | ὄρος | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 νύμφαι | nmod | high | object of περί |
| 10 | λέγονται | λέγω | VERB | V-PIM/P-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | main finite verb of first clause |
| 11 | νύμφαι | νύμφη | NOUN | N-P---NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 λέγονται | nsubj | high | subject of λέγονται |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 λέγονται | punct | high | punctuation |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 20 νομίζουσιν | cc | high | coordinating conjunction |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P--------- | AdpType=Prep | 15 τούτῳ | case | high | preposition with dative |
| 15 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | DET | PD-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 20 νομίζουσιν | obl | high | demonstrative pronoun with ἐπί |
| 16 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | P---------------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 πηγὰς | det | high | article with πηγὰς |
| 17 | πηγὰς | πηγή | NOUN | N-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 νομίζουσιν | obj | high | object of νομίζουσιν |
| 18 | ἱερὰς | ἱερός | ADJ | A-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 πηγὰς | amod | high | adjective modifying πηγὰς |
| 19 | Ἑρμοῦ | Ἑρμῆς | PROPN | Ne-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἱερὰς | nmod | high | genitive dependent of ἱερὰς |
| 20 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 λέγονται | conj | high | coordinated verb with λέγονται |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 λέγονται | punct | high | sentence-final punctuation |