Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 8.16.2

← 8.16.1 8.16.3 →

Passage 8.16.2

Open translation for this passage

2sentences parsed

115Greek tokens

2,199input tokens

7,425output tokens

Sentence 1

8.16.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 43
Input: 968
Output: 2,874
Total: 3,842

Τρικρήνων δὲ οὐ πόρρω ἄλλο ἐστὶν ὄρος Σηπία, καὶ Αἰπύτῳ τῷ Ἐλάτου λέγουσιν ἐνταῦθα γενέσθαι τὴν τελευτὴν ἐκ τοῦ ὄφεως, καί οἱ καὶ τὸν τάφον ἐποίησαν αὐτόθι· οὐ γὰρ οἷά τε ἦν σφισιν ἐς τὸ πρόσω φέρειν τὸν νεκρόν.

The passage contains coordinated reported narration followed by an impersonal οἷά τε ἦν + infinitive construction; the first clause is rooted at ἐστίν, while the explanatory clause is separately rooted at ἦν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Τρικρήνων	Τρίκρηνα	PROPN	Neut Pl Gen	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	4 πόρρω	obl	medium	Place-name in the genitive, dependent on πόρρω.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	4 πόρρω	cc	high
3	οὐ	οὐ	PART	PTCL	Polarity=Neg	6 ἐστὶν	advmod	high
4	πόρρω	πόρρω	ADV	ADV	_	6 ἐστὶν	advmod	high
5	ἄλλο	ἄλλος	ADJ	Neut Sg Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	7 ὄρος	amod	high	Substantivized adjective modifying ὄρος.
6	ἐστὶν	εἰμί	AUX	Pres Act Ind 3sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
7	ὄρος	ὄρος	NOUN	Neut Sg Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἐστὶν	nsubj	high
8	Σηπία	Σηπία	PROPN	Fem Sg Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 ὄρος	appos	high	Mountain name in apposition to ὄρος.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐστὶν	punct	high
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 λέγουσιν	cc	high
11	Αἰπύτῳ	Αἴπυτος	PROPN	Masc Sg Dat	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 γενέσθαι	iobj	medium	Dative of the person to whom the event is attributed.
12	τῷ	ὁ	DET	Art Dat Sg Masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 Ἐλάτου	det	high
13	Ἐλάτου	Ἔλατος	PROPN	Masc Sg Gen	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 Αἰπύτῳ	nmod	high	Patronymic/genitive relation: Aipytos, son of Elatos.
14	λέγουσιν	λέγω	VERB	Pres Act Ind 3pl	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	6 ἐστὶν	conj	high	Impersonal/reporting plural with infinitival complement.
15	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνταῦθα	ADV	ADV	_	16 γενέσθαι	advmod	high
16	γενέσθαι	γίγνομαι	VERB	Aor Mid Inf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	14 λέγουσιν	ccomp	high	Infinitive of reported speech.
17	τὴν	ὁ	DET	Art Acc Sg Fem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 τελευτὴν	det	high
18	τελευτὴν	τελευτή	NOUN	Fem Sg Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 γενέσθαι	obj	high	Accusative subject/complement of the infinitive.
19	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP Gen	_	21 ὄφεως	case	high
20	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	Art Gen Sg Masc	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 ὄφεως	det	high
21	ὄφεως	ὄφις	NOUN	Masc Sg Gen	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 τελευτὴν	obl	high	Source/cause of the death.
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 λέγουσιν	punct	high
23	καί	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	28 ἐποίησαν	cc	high
24	οἱ	οἱ	PRON	Dat Pl	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur	28 ἐποίησαν	iobj	medium	Enclitic/dative pronoun, referring to Aipytos.
25	καὶ	καί	PART	PTCL	_	28 ἐποίησαν	advmod	high	Emphatic καί.
26	τὸν	ὁ	DET	Art Acc Sg Masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	27 τάφον	det	high
27	τάφον	τάφος	NOUN	Masc Sg Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	28 ἐποίησαν	obj	high
28	ἐποίησαν	ποιέω	VERB	Aor Act Ind 3pl	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	14 λέγουσιν	conj	high	Coordinated finite clause.
29	αὐτόθι	αὐτόθι	ADV	ADV	_	28 ἐποίησαν	advmod	high
30	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	28 ἐποίησαν	punct	high
31	οὐ	οὐ	PART	PTCL	Polarity=Neg	35 ἦν	advmod	high
32	γὰρ	γάρ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	35 ἦν	cc	high	Postpositive explanatory conjunction.
33	οἷά	οἷος	ADJ	Neut Pl Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	35 ἦν	obl	medium	Predicative expression οἷά τε ἦν, ‘it was possible’; morphology/attachment somewhat idiomatic.
34	τε	τε	PART	PTCL	_	33 οἷά	advmod	high	Part of the idiom οἷά τε.
35	ἦν	εἰμί	AUX	Imp Act Ind 3sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Explanatory clause; coordinated discourse-wise with the preceding sentence.
36	σφισιν	σφεῖς	PRON	Dat Pl	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur	35 ἦν	iobj	high	Dative of possessor/experiencer with οἷά τε ἦν.
37	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP Acc	_	39 πρόσω	case	high
38	τὸ	ὁ	DET	Art Acc Sg Neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	39 πρόσω	det	high
39	πρόσω	πρόσω	ADV	ADV	_	40 φέρειν	obl	high	Adverbial noun, ‘forward/onward’, governed by εἰς.
40	φέρειν	φέρω	VERB	Pres Act Inf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	35 ἦν	csubj	high	Infinitival subject of the impersonal possibility expression.
41	τὸν	ὁ	DET	Art Acc Sg Masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	42 νεκρόν	det	high
42	νεκρόν	νεκρός	NOUN	Masc Sg Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	40 φέρειν	obj	high
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	35 ἦν	punct	high

Sentence 2

8.16.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 72
Input: 1,231
Output: 4,551
Total: 5,782

τούτους οἱ Ἀρκάδες τοὺς ὄφεις γίνεσθαι καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἔτι ἐν τῷ ὄρει φασίν, οὐ μέντοι πολλούς γε ἀλλὰ καὶ μάλιστα σπανίους· ἅτε γὰρ τοῦ ἔτους τὸ πολὺ νειφομένου τοῦ ὄρους, οἵ τε ἀποληφθέντες τῶν φωλεῶν ἐκτὸς ὑπὸ τῆς χιόνος διαφθείρονται, καὶ ἢν πρότερον καταφυγόντες τύχωσιν ἐς τὰ φωλεά, ὅμως ἡ χιὼν μέρος τι αὐτῶν ἀπόλλυσιν, ἅτε καὶ ἐς αὐτὰ τὰ φωλεὰ καθικνουμένου τοῦ κρυμοῦ.

The passage combines an accusative-and-infinitive construction after φασίν with coordinated finite clauses and two genitive-absolute/concessive participial constructions; token 31 is the main genitive absolute and token 69 a later genitive absolute.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τούτους	οὗτος	PRON	A-D-P	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 ὄφεις	det	high
2	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	3 Ἀρκάδες	det	high
3	Ἀρκάδες	Ἀρκάς	PROPN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 φασίν	nsubj	high
4	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 ὄφεις	det	high
5	ὄφεις	ὄφις	NOUN	N-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 γίνεσθαι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of infinitive.
6	γίνεσθαι	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-PAMN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	14 φασίν	ccomp	high
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	6 γίνεσθαι	cc	high
8	ἐφʼ	ἐπί	ADP	P	_	9 ἡμῶν	case	high
9	ἡμῶν	ἐγώ	PRON	P-G-1P	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur\|Person=1	6 γίνεσθαι	obl	high
10	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	ADV	_	6 γίνεσθαι	advmod	high
11	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	P	_	13 ὄρει	case	high
12	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ὄρει	det	high
13	ὄρει	ὄρος	NOUN	N-DSN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 γίνεσθαι	obl	high
14	φασίν	φημί	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 φασίν	punct	high
16	οὐ	οὐ	PART	NEG	Polarity=Neg	18 πολλούς	advmod	high
17	μέντοι	μέντοι	PART	PART	_	18 πολλούς	advmod	high
18	πολλούς	πολύς	ADJ	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	23 σπανίους	conj	high	Coordinated predicate adjective with σπανίους.
19	γε	γε	PART	PART	_	18 πολλούς	advmod	high
20	ἀλλὰ	ἀλλά	CCONJ	CONJ	_	23 σπανίους	cc	high
21	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	22 μάλιστα	advmod	medium	Intensifying καί.
22	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	ADV-S	Degree=Sup	23 σπανίους	advmod	high
23	σπανίους	σπάνιος	ADJ	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 γίνεσθαι	xcomp	high	Predicative accusative, with infinitival γίνεσθαι understood.
24	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	14 φασίν	punct	high
25	ἅτε	ἅτε	SCONJ	CONJ	_	31 νειφομένου	mark	high
26	γὰρ	γάρ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	31 νειφομένου	cc	high
27	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	28 ἔτους	det	high
28	ἔτους	ἔτος	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	31 νειφομένου	obl	high	Genitive of time within genitive absolute.
29	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	30 πολὺ	det	high
30	πολὺ	πολύς	ADJ	A-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	31 νειφομένου	advmod	high	Adverbial accusative.
31	νειφομένου	νειφόω	VERB	V-PMP-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	44 διαφθείρονται	advcl	high	Genitive absolute with ἔτους and ὄρους.
32	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	33 ὄρους	det	high
33	ὄρους	ὄρος	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	31 νειφομένου	nsubj	high	Genitive absolute subject.
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	44 διαφθείρονται	punct	high
35	οἵ	ὅς	PRON	R-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	44 διαφθείρονται	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun, referring to the snakes.
36	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	35 οἵ	cc	high
37	ἀποληφθέντες	ἀπολαμβάνω	VERB	V-APP-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	44 διαφθείρονται	advcl	high
38	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	39 φωλεῶν	det	high
39	φωλεῶν	φωλεός	NOUN	N-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	37 ἀποληφθέντες	obl	high
40	ἐκτὸς	ἐκτός	ADV	ADV	_	37 ἀποληφθέντες	advmod	high	Adverbial predicate/position.
41	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	P	_	43 χιόνος	case	high
42	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	43 χιόνος	det	high
43	χιόνος	χιών	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	44 διαφθείρονται	obl:agent	high
44	διαφθείρονται	διαφθείρω	VERB	V-PPMI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Pass	14 φασίν	conj	high
45	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	44 διαφθείρονται	punct	high
46	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	61 ἀπόλλυσιν	cc	high
47	ἢν	ἐάν	SCONJ	CONJ	_	50 τύχωσιν	mark	high
48	πρότερον	πρότερον	ADV	ADV	_	49 καταφυγόντες	advmod	high
49	καταφυγόντες	καταφεύγω	VERB	V-AAP-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	50 τύχωσιν	advcl	high
50	τύχωσιν	τυγχάνω	VERB	V-2AAS-3P	Mood=Sub\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	61 ἀπόλλυσιν	advcl	high	ἢν introduces a conditional subordinate clause.
51	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	53 φωλεά	case	high
52	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	53 φωλεά	det	high
53	φωλεά	φωλεός	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	50 τύχωσιν	obl	high
54	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	50 τύχωσιν	punct	high
55	ὅμως	ὅμως	ADV	ADV	_	61 ἀπόλλυσιν	advmod	high
56	ἡ	ὁ	DET	T-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	57 χιὼν	det	high
57	χιὼν	χιών	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	61 ἀπόλλυσιν	nsubj	high
58	μέρος	μέρος	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	61 ἀπόλλυσιν	obj	high
59	τι	τις	PRON	X-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	58 μέρος	det	high	Indefinite modifier.
60	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	58 μέρος	nmod	high
61	ἀπόλλυσιν	ἀπόλλυμι	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	44 διαφθείρονται	conj	high
62	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	61 ἀπόλλυσιν	punct	high
63	ἅτε	ἅτε	SCONJ	CONJ	_	69 καθικνουμένου	mark	high
64	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	65 ἐς	advmod	medium	Also/intensifying καί.
65	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	68 φωλεὰ	case	high
66	αὐτὰ	αὐτός	PRON	P-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	68 φωλεὰ	det	high	Intensive/demonstrative use.
67	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	68 φωλεὰ	det	high
68	φωλεὰ	φωλεός	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	69 καθικνουμένου	obl	high
69	καθικνουμένου	καθικνέομαι	VERB	V-PMP-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	61 ἀπόλλυσιν	advcl	high	Genitive absolute; κρυμός is the participial subject.
70	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	71 κρυμοῦ	det	high
71	κρυμοῦ	κρυμός	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	69 καθικνουμένου	nsubj	high
72	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	14 φασίν	punct	high

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