Grammar parses for passage 8.16.5
Open translation for this passage
Ἑβραίοις δὲ Ἑλένης γυναικὸς ἐπιχωρίας τάφος ἐστὶν ἐν πόλει Σολύμοις, ἣν ἐς ἔδαφος κατέβαλεν ὁ Ῥωμαίων βασιλεύς.
The copular clause has τάφος as subject and Ἑβραίοις as a dative of association/possession; the relative clause modifies τάφος, with ἣν as the object of κατέβαλεν and βασιλεύς as its subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἑβραίοις | Ἑβραῖος | PROPN | N-d-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 τάφος | iobj | high | Dative of possession/association: 'for the Hebrews'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | ---- | _ | 6 τάφος | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἑλένης | Ἑλένη | PROPN | Nbsgf-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 γυναικὸς | nmod | high | Personal name in genitive. |
| 4 | γυναικὸς | γυνή | NOUN | N-g-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 τάφος | nmod | high | Appositional/descriptive genitive, 'of the woman/wife Helen'. |
| 5 | ἐπιχωρίας | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-gsf-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 Ἑλένης | amod | high | Agrees with Ἑλένης; 'local/native'. |
| 6 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | N-n-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Predicate subject of ἐστίν. |
| 7 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 πόλει | case | high | Preposition governing πόλει. |
| 9 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | N-df-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Locative oblique complement of ἐστίν. |
| 10 | Σολύμοις | Σόλυμοι | PROPN | Nbdf-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 πόλει | nmod | medium | Place name in dative, dependent on πόλει; form is plural. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 12 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P-r---fa-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 15 κατέβαλεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of κατέβαλεν; antecedent is τάφος. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 ἔδαφος | case | high | Preposition governing ἔδαφος. |
| 14 | ἔδαφος | ἔδαφος | NOUN | N-as-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 κατέβαλεν | obl | high | Goal complement of κατέβαλεν. |
| 15 | κατέβαλεν | καταβάλλω | VERB | V3sria--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 ἐστὶν | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate modifying τάφος. |
| 16 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P---nm-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 βασιλεύς | det | high | Definite article. |
| 17 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | Nb--gm-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 βασιλεύς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βασιλεύς, 'of the Romans'. |
| 18 | βασιλεύς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-n-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 κατέβαλεν | nsubj | high | Subject of κατέβαλεν. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Full stop. |
μεμηχάνηται δὲ ἐν τῷ τάφῳ τὴν θύραν, ὁμοίως παντὶ οὖσαν τῷ τάφῳ λιθίνην, μὴ πρότερον ἀνοίγεσθαι, πρὶν ἂν ἡμέραν τε ἀεὶ καὶ ὥραν τὸ ἔτος ἐπαγάγῃ τὴν αὐτήν· τότε δὲ ὑπὸ μόνου τοῦ μηχανήματος ἀνοιχθεῖσα καὶ οὐ πολὺ ἐπισχοῦσα συνεκλείσθη διʼ ἑαυτῆς.
The main predicate μεμηχάνηται governs τὴν θύραν and an accusative-plus-infinitive construction (τὴν θύραν ... ἀνοίγεσθαι); ἐπαγάγῃ is subjunctive in the πρὶν ἄν temporal clause. The participles οὖσαν and ἀνοιχθεῖσα refer to θύραν; συνεκλείσθη is the final root predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μεμηχάνηται | μηχανάομαι | VERB | V-RMP-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 μεμηχάνηται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 τάφῳ | case | high | |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τάφῳ | det | high | |
| 5 | τάφῳ | τάφος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 μεμηχάνηται | obl | high | |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 θύραν | det | high | |
| 7 | θύραν | θύρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 μεμηχάνηται | obj | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 μεμηχάνηται | punct | high | |
| 9 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 λιθίνην | advmod | high | |
| 10 | παντὶ | πᾶς | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 τάφῳ | amod | high | |
| 11 | οὖσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 θύραν | acl | high | Predicative participle agreeing with θύραν. |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 τάφῳ | det | high | |
| 13 | τάφῳ | τάφος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 οὖσαν | obl | high | Dative of comparison/identity with ὁμοίως. |
| 14 | λιθίνην | λίθινος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 θύραν | conj | medium | Predicative adjective coordinated semantically with οὖσαν. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 μεμηχάνηται | punct | high | |
| 16 | μὴ | μή | PART | PART | _ | 18 ἀνοίγεσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 17 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | ADV | _ | 18 ἀνοίγεσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 18 | ἀνοίγεσθαι | ἀνοίγω | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Middle | 1 μεμηχάνηται | xcomp | high | Infinitive in accusative-plus-infinitive construction with θύραν as understood subject. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 18 ἀνοίγεσθαι | punct | high | |
| 20 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 ἐπαγάγῃ | mark | high | |
| 21 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 29 ἐπαγάγῃ | aux | high | Modal particle with subjunctive. |
| 22 | ἡμέραν | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 ἐπαγάγῃ | obj | high | |
| 23 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἡμέραν | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί. |
| 24 | ἀεὶ | ἀεί | ADV | ADV | _ | 29 ἐπαγάγῃ | advmod | high | |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 ὥραν | cc | high | Second member of τε ... καί. |
| 26 | ὥραν | ὥρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 ἐπαγάγῃ | obj | high | |
| 27 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 ἔτος | det | high | |
| 28 | ἔτος | ἔτος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 ἐπαγάγῃ | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive-like subjunctive construction. |
| 29 | ἐπαγάγῃ | ἐπάγω | VERB | V-2AAS-3S | Mood=Subjunctive|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 18 ἀνοίγεσθαι | advcl | high | |
| 30 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 αὐτήν | det | high | |
| 31 | αὐτήν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἡμέραν | amod | high | Agrees with ἡμέραν; accusative adjective/pronominal modifier. |
| 32 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 μεμηχάνηται | punct | high | |
| 33 | τότε | τότε | ADV | ADV | _ | 44 συνεκλείσθη | advmod | high | |
| 34 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 44 συνεκλείσθη | cc | high | |
| 35 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 38 μηχανήματος | case | high | |
| 36 | μόνου | μόνος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 μηχανήματος | amod | high | |
| 37 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 38 μηχανήματος | det | high | |
| 38 | μηχανήματος | μηχάνημα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 39 ἀνοιχθεῖσα | obl | high | |
| 39 | ἀνοιχθεῖσα | ἀνοίγω | VERB | V-APP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 44 συνεκλείσθη | advcl | high | Refers to the door; passive participle. |
| 40 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 43 ἐπισχοῦσα | cc | high | |
| 41 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | _ | 43 ἐπισχοῦσα | advmod | high | |
| 42 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADV | ADV | _ | 43 ἐπισχοῦσα | advmod | medium | Adverbial neuter accusative: 'not for long'. |
| 43 | ἐπισχοῦσα | ἐπέχω | VERB | V-2AAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 39 ἀνοιχθεῖσα | conj | high | Coordinated participle, subject understood as the door. |
| 44 | συνεκλείσθη | συγκλείω | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated main predicate; the earlier predicate is linked by discourse continuity. |
| 45 | διʼ | διά | ADP | PREP | _ | 46 ἑαυτῆς | case | high | |
| 46 | ἑαυτῆς | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 44 συνεκλείσθη | obl | high | Reflexive genitive after διά, referring to the door. |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 44 συνεκλείσθη | punct | high |
τοῦτον μὲν δὴ οὕτω, τὸν δὲ ἄλλον χρόνον ἀνοῖξαι πειρώμενος ἀνοίξαις μὲν οὐκ ἄν, κατάξεις δὲ αὐτὴν πρότερον βιαζόμενος.
The sentence is elliptical and rhetorically coordinated: τοῦτον ... οὕτω contrasts with τὸν ἄλλον χρόνον; ἀνοῖξαι is an articular/infinitival complement in the first clause, while the second ἀνοῖξαις is a potential aorist optative. The final κατάξεις is future indicative, with αὐτήν as object; βιαζόμενος is a circumstantial participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | PD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 10 ἀνοῖξαι | obj | medium | Accusative demonstrative, referring to the immediately preceding understood object/person. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 4 οὕτω | discourse | high | First member of μέν ... δέ contrast. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | X | _ | 4 οὕτω | discourse | high | Emphatic discourse particle. |
| 4 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 ἀνοῖξαι | advmod | high | Adverbial manner modifier, ‘thus’. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | U | _ | 10 ἀνοῖξαι | punct | high | |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 χρόνον | det | high | |
| 7 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | X | _ | 17 κατάξεις | cc||||contrast | high | Second member of μέν ... δέ contrast. |
| 8 | ἄλλον | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 χρόνον | amod | high | |
| 9 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 κατάξεις | obl:tmod | high | Accusative of duration/time: ‘for the rest of the time’. |
| 10 | ἀνοῖξαι | ἀνοίγω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist active infinitive; syntactically elliptical, likely completing an understood verbal construction. |
| 11 | πειρώμενος | πειράομαι | VERB | V-PMPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 ἀνοίξαις | advcl | medium | Circumstantial middle participle, ‘trying’; its attachment is elliptical/uncertain. |
| 12 | ἀνοίξαις | ἀνοίγω | VERB | V-AAO-2S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 17 κατάξεις | advcl | medium | Potential aorist optative with ἄν; second-person singular. |
| 13 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 12 ἀνοίξαις | discourse | high | Contrasted with δέ at token 18. |
| 14 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | T-------- | Polarity=Neg | 12 ἀνοίξαις | advmod | high | Negates the potential optative. |
| 15 | ἄν | ἄν | PART | X | _ | 12 ἀνοίξαις | aux | high | Modal particle with the optative. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | U | _ | 12 ἀνοίξαις | punct | high | |
| 17 | κατάξεις | κατάγω | VERB | V-FAI-2S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 ἀνοῖξαι | conj | high | Future indicative coordinated with the preceding potential clause. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | X | _ | 17 κατάξεις | cc | high | Contrastive coordinator. |
| 19 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 17 κατάξεις | obj | high | Accusative feminine object, likely referring to an understood feminine noun. |
| 20 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | D-------- | _ | 21 βιαζόμενος | advmod | medium | Adverbial comparative, ‘first/beforehand’; scope is somewhat ambiguous. |
| 21 | βιαζόμενος | βιάζομαι | VERB | V-PMPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 17 κατάξεις | advcl | high | Circumstantial middle participle modifying the second-person subject. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | U | _ | 17 κατάξεις | punct | high |