Grammar parses for passage 8.17.2
Open translation for this passage
τοῖς δὲ ἀνθρώποις τὸ ἀρχαῖον, ὁπόσα καὶ ἡμεῖς καταμαθεῖν ἐδυνήθημεν, τοσάδε ἦν ἀφʼ ὧν τὰ ξόανα ἐποιοῦντο, ἔβενος, κυπάρισσος, αἱ κέδροι, τὰ δρύινα, ἡ μῖλαξ, ὁ λωτός·
Main clause is ellipted/copular with ἦν; the phrase ἀφʼ ὧν introduces a relative source phrase governing the list, while the enumerated nouns are appositional/illustrative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Article | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ἀνθρώποις | det | high | Article with ἀνθρώποις. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PTCL | _ | 14 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀνθρώποις | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N----MDP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἦν | obl | high | Dative of reference/interest with ἦν. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Article | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | Article with ἀρχαῖον. |
| 5 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | NOUN | A-N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Likely substantivized adjective: 'the ancient thing / formerly'. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | RI-APN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἐδυνήθημεν | obj | high | Object of καταμαθεῖν. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἡμεῖς | cc | high | Connective 'also/and'. |
| 9 | ἡμεῖς | ἐγώ | PRON | RP-1NP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 11 ἐδυνήθημεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐδυνήθημεν. |
| 10 | καταμαθεῖν | καταμανθάνω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 ἐδυνήθημεν | xcomp | high | Complement of ἐδυνήθημεν. |
| 11 | ἐδυνήθημεν | δύναμαι | VERB | V-API-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 7 ὁπόσα | acl | medium | Finite verb in a relative clause modifying ὁπόσα. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | τοσάδε | τοσόσδε | DET | PD-APN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 14 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Predicate-like demonstrative with ἦν; possibly resumptive to the following list. |
| 14 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IXI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular verb. |
| 15 | ἀφʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R--- | _ | 16 ὧν | case | high | Preposition governing ὧν. |
| 16 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | RR-AP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 19 ἐποιοῦντο | obl | high | Relative genitive after ἀπό. |
| 17 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Article | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 ξόανα | det | high | Article with ξόανα. |
| 18 | ξόανα | ξόανον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ἐποιοῦντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποιοῦντο. |
| 19 | ἐποιοῦντο | ποιέω | VERB | V-IXI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 16 ὧν | acl | high | Relative clause verb dependent on ὧν. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 21 | ἔβενος | ἔβενος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἦν | appos | medium | Item in the list; syntax is paratactic/appositional. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἔβενος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 23 | κυπάρισσος | κυπάρισσος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἦν | appos | high | Item in the list. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 κυπάρισσος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 25 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | Article | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 26 κέδροι | det | high | Article with κέδροι. |
| 26 | κέδροι | κέδρος | NOUN | N-NFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἦν | appos | high | Item in the list. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 κέδροι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 28 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Article | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 29 δρύινα | det | high | Article with δρύινα. |
| 29 | δρύινα | δρύινος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἦν | appos | high | Substantivized adjective in the list. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 δρύινα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 31 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | Article | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 32 μῖλαξ | det | high | Article with μῖλαξ. |
| 32 | μῖλαξ | μῖλαξ | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἦν | appos | high | Item in the list. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 μῖλαξ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 34 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Article | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 35 λωτός | det | high | Article with λωτός. |
| 35 | λωτός | λωτός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἦν | appos | high | Final item in the list. |
| 36 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τῷ δὲ Ἑρμῇ τῷ Κυλληνίῳ τούτων μὲν ἀπὸ οὐδενός, θύου δὲ πεποιημένον τὸ ἄγαλμά ἐστιν, ὀκτὼ δὲ εἶναι ποδῶν μάλιστα αὐτὸ εἰκάζομεν.
Main clause has an omitted/copied verb of estimation with infinitival clause εἶναι; participial phrase θύου πεποιημένον modifies ἄγαλμα, and the opening dative phrase addresses the statue/god.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἑρμῇ | det | high | Article with Ἑρμῇ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 24 εἰκάζομεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἑρμῇ | Ἑρμῆς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 εἰκάζομεν | obl | medium | Dative of indirect reference/recipient with the sentence's statement. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Κυλληνίῳ | det | high | Article with Κυλληνίῳ. |
| 5 | Κυλληνίῳ | Κυλλήνιος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Ἑρμῇ | amod | high | Attributive adjective to Ἑρμῇ. |
| 6 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | PD-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 9 οὐδενός | nmod | high | Depends on ἀπὸ. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 6 τούτων | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 8 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 9 οὐδενός | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 9 | οὐδενός | οὐδείς | PRON | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 24 εἰκάζομεν | obl | medium | Likely governed by ἀπό; phrase is elliptical in sense 'from no one'. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 εἰκάζομεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | θύου | θύω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἄγαλμά | amod | medium | Likely participle modifying ἄγαλμα; form is ambiguous with genitive singular, but syntax favors nominative masc. agreeing with ἄγαλμα. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 πεποιημένον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 13 | πεποιημένον | ποιέω | VERB | V-PRM-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 15 ἄγαλμά | amod | high | Participial modifier of ἄγαλμα. |
| 14 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 ἄγαλμά | det | high | Article with ἄγαλμά. |
| 15 | ἄγαλμά | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 16 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/root verb. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | ὀκτὼ | ὀκτώ | NUM | M--------- | NumType=Card | 24 εἰκάζομεν | obl | medium | Part of estimated measure phrase with ποδῶν. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 20 εἶναι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 20 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 24 εἰκάζομεν | xcomp | high | Complement of εἰκάζομεν. |
| 21 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ὀκτὼ | nmod | high | Genitive of measure. |
| 22 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D--------- | _ | 24 εἰκάζομεν | advmod | high | Modifies εἰκάζομεν. |
| 23 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 24 εἰκάζομεν | obj | medium | Refers to the statue; agreement with inferred neuter subject. |
| 24 | εἰκάζομεν | εἰκάζω | VERB | V-PAI-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause verb of estimation. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 εἰκάζομεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |