Grammar parses for passage 8.17.4
Open translation for this passage
λαγῲ δὲ καὶ ἔλαφοι, τὸ μὲν Λιβυκὸν θρέμμα οἱ λαγῴ εἰσιν οἱ λευκοί, ἐλάφους δὲ ἐν Ῥώμῃ λευκὰς εἶδόν τε καὶ ἰδὼν θαῦμα ἐποιησάμην, ὁπόθεν δὲ ἢ τῶν ἠπείρων οὖσαι ἢ νησιώτιδες ἐκομίσθησαν, οὐκ ἐπῆλθεν ἐρέσθαι μοι.
The sentence begins with a topic-like dative λαγῷ καὶ ἔλαφοι; λαγῷ is resumed by οἱ λαγῴ, while ἐλάφους is the object of εἶδον. The final οὖσαι is nominative feminine plural agreeing with the implied does ἐλάφοι and οὐκ ἐπῆλθεν μοι ἐρέσθαι is an impersonal construction. Token 10 οἱ is best read as the article introducing the predicate subject λαγῴ, though the transmitted wording is syntactically unusual.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λαγῲ | λαγώς | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔλαφοι | obl | medium | Dative topic/reference construction; orthographic form corresponds to λαγῷ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 4 ἔλαφοι | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 4 ἔλαφοι | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἔλαφοι | ἔλαφος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 εἶδόν | nsubj | medium | Coordinated/topic-like subject of εἶδον; masculine form is compatible with a mixed or generic group. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔλαφοι | punct | high | |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 θρέμμα | det | high | |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D---- | _ | 9 θρέμμα | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, answered only loosely by later δέ. |
| 8 | Λιβυκὸν | Λιβυκός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 θρέμμα | amod | high | |
| 9 | θρέμμα | θρέμμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσιν. |
| 10 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 λαγῴ | det | low | Transmitted article is morphologically masculine plural; syntactic attachment and agreement are irregular. |
| 11 | λαγῴ | λαγώς | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 εἰσιν | attr | medium | Likely nominative plural predicate/appositional noun; form may reflect λαγωοί or a contracted spelling. |
| 12 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 εἶδόν | parataxis | medium | Copular clause explaining the Libyan animal; coordinated or parenthetical relative to the main report. |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 λευκοί | det | high | |
| 14 | λευκοί | λευκός | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 εἰσιν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective of the understood/expressed plural hares in the copular clause. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐλάφους | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἐλάφους | ἔλαφος | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 εἶδόν | obj | high | Direct object of εἶδον; feminine gender is used in the following adjective. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 21 εἶδόν | cc | high | |
| 18 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R---- | _ | 19 Ῥώμῃ | case | high | |
| 19 | Ῥώμῃ | Ῥώμη | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 εἶδόν | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 20 | λευκὰς | λευκός | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἐλάφους | amod | high | |
| 21 | εἶδόν | ὁράω | VERB | V-2AAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 22 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 21 εἶδόν | cc | high | Correlates with καί before ἰδών. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 24 ἰδὼν | cc | high | Coordinates the participial clause with the preceding seeing. |
| 24 | ἰδὼν | ὁράω | VERB | V-2AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 26 ἐποιησάμην | advcl | high | Aorist participle with subject coreferential with the speaker. |
| 25 | θαῦμα | θαῦμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἐποιησάμην | obj | high | Object of ἐποιησάμην in the idiom θαῦμα ποιεῖσθαι. |
| 26 | ἐποιησάμην | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 21 εἶδόν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb, with τε καί linking the seeing and reaction. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ὁπόθεν | punct | high | |
| 28 | ὁπόθεν | ὁπόθεν | ADV | D---- | _ | 39 ἐπῆλθεν | advmod | high | Introduces an indirect question: from where. |
| 29 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 39 ἐπῆλθεν | cc | high | |
| 30 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 33 οὖσαι | cc | high | Coordinates the alternative source phrase. |
| 31 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 32 ἠπείρων | det | high | |
| 32 | ἠπείρων | ἤπειρος | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 33 οὖσαι | obl | medium | Genitive of source/partitive relation with οὖσαι; exact attachment is uncertain. |
| 33 | οὖσαι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 36 ἐκομίσθησαν | advcl | high | Predicative participle, subject understood as the deer. |
| 34 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 35 νησιώτιδες | cc | high | |
| 35 | νησιώτιδες | νησιώτις | ADJ | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 33 οὖσαι | conj | high | Substantivized adjective, coordinated with the implied predicate/source description. |
| 36 | ἐκομίσθησαν | κομίζω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 39 ἐπῆλθεν | ccomp | high | Finite verb in the indirect question, subject understood as the deer. |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 ἐπῆλθεν | punct | high | |
| 38 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D---- | Polarity=Neg | 39 ἐπῆλθεν | advmod | high | |
| 39 | ἐπῆλθεν | ἐπέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 26 ἐποιησάμην | parataxis | high | Impersonal ‘it did not occur’; governs the infinitive ἐρέσθαι. |
| 40 | ἐρέσθαι | ἔρομαι | VERB | V-2AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 39 ἐπῆλθεν | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on impersonal ἐπῆλθεν. |
| 41 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-DS-1S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 39 ἐπῆλθεν | iobj | high | Dative experiencer with ἐπῆλθεν. |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 ἐπῆλθεν | punct | high |