Grammar parses for passage 8.18.1
Open translation for this passage
εἶναι δὲ τὴν Στύγα Ἡσίοδος μὲν ἐν Θεογονίᾳ πεποίηκεν---Ἡσιόδου γὰρ δὴ ἔπη τὴν Θεογονίαν εἰσὶν οἳ νομίζουσι---, πεποιημένα οὖν ἐστιν ἐνταῦθα Ὠκεανοῦ θυγατέρα τὴν Στύγα, γυναῖκα δὲ αὐτὴν εἶναι Πάλλαντος.
The sentence is highly parenthetical, with an initial indirect statement and a later resumed explanation; the relative clause εἰσὶν οἳ νομίζουσι is embedded within the first clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAINF | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 πεποίηκεν | xcomp | high | Complement of πεποίηκεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 9 πεποίηκεν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Στύγα | det | high | Article with Στύγα. |
| 4 | Στύγα | Στύξ | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 εἶναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι in indirect statement. |
| 5 | Ἡσίοδος | Ἡσίοδος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 πεποίηκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of πεποίηκεν. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 5 Ἡσίοδος | discourse | high | Correlative particle with δὲ. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 8 Θεογονίᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing Θεογονίᾳ. |
| 8 | Θεογονίᾳ | Θεογονία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 πεποίηκεν | obl | high | Locative/temporal oblique phrase. |
| 9 | πεποίηκεν | ποιέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate of the first clause. |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 πεποίηκεν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 πεποίηκεν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 πεποίηκεν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 13 | Ἡσιόδου | Ἡσίοδος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἔπη | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἔπη. |
| 14 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 16 ἔπη | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 15 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 14 γὰρ | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 16 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 εἰσὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσίν. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Θεογονίαν | det | high | Article with Θεογονίαν. |
| 18 | Θεογονίαν | Θεογονία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 νομίζουσι | obj | high | Object of νομίζουσι. |
| 19 | εἰσὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 νομίζουσι | ccomp | medium | Copular verb in parenthetical relative clause; analysis somewhat uncertain. |
| 20 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 21 νομίζουσι | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun subject of νομίζουσι. |
| 21 | νομίζουσι | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 ἔπη | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying ἔπη. |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 νομίζουσι | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 νομίζουσι | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 νομίζουσι | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 πεποίηκεν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 26 | πεποιημένα | ποιέω | VERB | V-PRPPP-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 28 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Participial complement; could also be predicative adjunct. |
| 27 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | _ | _ | 28 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 28 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 πεποίηκεν | conj | medium | Linked to previous clause; copular auxiliary with participle. |
| 29 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D | _ | 28 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 30 | Ὠκεανοῦ | Ὠκεανός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 θυγατέρα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of θυγατέρα. |
| 31 | θυγατέρα | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 πεποιημένα | obj | high | Predicate accusative in indirect statement. |
| 32 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 Στύγα | det | high | Article with Στύγα. |
| 33 | Στύγα | Στύξ | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 πεποιημένα | obj | medium | Appositional/clarifying accusative with θυγατέρα; indirect statement. |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἐστιν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 35 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 εἶναι | obj | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 36 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 38 εἶναι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 37 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 38 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive εἶναι. |
| 38 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAINF | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 28 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement. |
| 39 | Πάλλαντος | Πάλλανς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 γυναῖκα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of γυναῖκα. |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 πεποίηκεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐμοὶ δὲ ἐπιλεγομένῳ παντάπασιν ἐφαίνετο ταῦτά γε εἶναι κίβδηλα.
ἐμοὶ δὲ ἐπιλεγομένῳ is best taken as a dative absolute/circumstantial dative modifying the main clause; ταῦτά γε is the subject of the infinitival clause with κίβδηλα as predicate adjective.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P------D- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 5 ἐφαίνετο | obl | high | Dative of reference/personal interest with ἐφαίνετο. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 ἐφαίνετο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐπιλεγομένῳ | ἐπιλέγω | VERB | V-PPPDM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἐφαίνετο | advcl | medium | Likely circumstantial participle agreeing with ἐμοὶ; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | παντάπασιν | παντάπασι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἐφαίνετο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐφαίνετο. |
| 5 | ἐφαίνετο | φαίνω | VERB | V-IIIX3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 6 | ταῦτά | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-APN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 8 εἶναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 7 | γε | γε | PART | G-------- | _ | 6 ταῦτά | discourse | high | Emphatic particle attached to ταῦτά. |
| 8 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-IA----N | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 ἐφαίνετο | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive after ἐφαίνετο. |
| 9 | κίβδηλα | κίβδηλος | ADJ | A-APN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἶναι. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐφαίνετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |