Grammar parses for passage 8.18.3
Open translation for this passage
ἐποίησε δὲ καὶ ἐν Ἅιδου ὕδωρ εἶναι, καὶ Ἀθηνᾶ τὸν Δία οὐ μεμνῆσθαί φησιν ὅτι διʼ αὐτῆς Ἡρακλέα ἔσωζεν ἐκ τῶν Εὐρυσθέως ἄθλων·
Main coordination: ἐποίησε governs an εἶναι infinitival complement; the second καί coordinates a reported assertion with φησιν, whose content is τὸν Δία ... μεμνῆσθαι, with ὅτι introducing the remembered circumstance. The subject of ἔσωζεν is understood Δίας; αὐτῆς refers to Athena. The historic imperfect ἔσωζεν is retained as finite within the ὅτι-clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐποίησε | ποιέω | VERB | V-3SAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐποίησε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐποίησε | cc | high | Coordinates the infinitival construction with the following assertion. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ὕδωρ | case | high | |
| 5 | Ἅιδου | ᾍδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐν | obl | high | Proper place name governed by ἐν. |
| 6 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 7 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἐποίησε | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἐποίησε, with ὕδωρ as accusative subject. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 ἐποίησε | punct | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 φησιν | cc | high | Coordinates the φησιν clause with the preceding assertion. |
| 10 | Ἀθηνᾶ | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 φησιν | nsubj | high | Subject of φησιν. |
| 11 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Δία | det | high | |
| 12 | Δία | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 μεμνῆσθαί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of μεμνῆσθαι. |
| 13 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 μεμνῆσθαί | advmod | high | |
| 14 | μεμνῆσθαί | μιμνήσκω | VERB | V-RNM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 15 φησιν | ccomp | high | Perfect middle infinitive, ‘to remember’; its accusative subject is τὸν Δία. |
| 15 | φησιν | φημί | VERB | V-3SPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἐποίησε | conj | high | |
| 16 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἔσωζεν | mark | high | Introduces the content/circumstantial clause. |
| 17 | διʼ | διά | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 αὐτῆς | case | high | Elided form διά before a vowel. |
| 18 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 20 ἔσωζεν | obl | high | Means ‘through/by her’; refers to Ἀθηνᾶ. |
| 19 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἔσωζεν | obj | high | |
| 20 | ἔσωζεν | σῴζω | VERB | V-3SII | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 14 μεμνῆσθαί | ccomp | high | Finite verb in the ὅτι-clause; subject is understood as Δίας. |
| 21 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 ἄθλων | case | high | |
| 22 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἄθλων | det | high | |
| 23 | Εὐρυσθέως | Εὐρυσθεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἄθλων | nmod | high | Possessive genitive modifying ἄθλων. |
| 24 | ἄθλων | ἆθλον | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἔσωζεν | obl | high | Object of ἐκ; ‘from the labors/tasks’. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 ἐποίησε | punct | high |
εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼ τόδε ᾔδη ἐνὶ φρεσὶ πευκαλίμῃσιν, εὖτέ μιν εἰς Ἀίδαο πυλάρταο προὔπεμψεν ἐξ Ἐρέβευς ἄξοντα κύνα στυγεροῦ Ἀίδαο, οὐκ ἂν ὑπεξέφυγε Στυγὸς ὕδατος αἰπὰ ῥέεθρα.
Conditional εἰ-clause with pluperfect ᾔδη and unreal-past apodosis οὐκ ἂν ὑπεξέφυγε; εὖτε introduces a temporal subordinate clause, whose subject is implicit and whose infinitive ἄξοντα is complementary to προὔπεμψεν. The Homeric forms and some attachment relations are annotated with moderate confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | CONJ | Type=Cond | 5 ᾔδη | mark | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | PART | _ | 5 ᾔδη | discourse | high | |
| 3 | ἐγὼ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-S---1-- | Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 5 ᾔδη | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | PDNSN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ᾔδη | obj | high | Neuter demonstrative used substantivally. |
| 5 | ᾔδη | οἶδα | VERB | V-LIAI1S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pluperf|Voice=Act | 25 ὑπεξέφυγε | advcl | high | Pluperfect form with imperfective/past counterfactual force. |
| 6 | ἐνὶ | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 φρεσὶ | case | high | |
| 7 | φρεσὶ | φρήν | NOUN | N-DFP--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ᾔδη | obl | high | Epic dative plural. |
| 8 | πευκαλίμῃσιν | πευκαλίμος | ADJ | A-DFP--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 φρεσὶ | amod | medium | Epic dative plural; modifies φρεσὶ. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ᾔδη | punct | high | |
| 10 | εὖτέ | εὖτε | SCONJ | CONJ | PronType=Rel | 15 προὔπεμψεν | mark | medium | Temporal subordinating conjunction. |
| 11 | μιν | μιν | PRON | P-S---3-- | Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 15 προὔπεμψεν | obj | high | Epic enclitic pronoun. |
| 12 | εἰς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Ἀίδαο | case | high | |
| 13 | Ἀίδαο | Ἅιδης | PROPN | N-GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 προὔπεμψεν | obl | high | Epic genitive name form. |
| 14 | πυλάρταο | πυλάρτης | ADJ | A-GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Ἀίδαο | amod | high | Epithet agreeing with Ἀίδαο. |
| 15 | προὔπεμψεν | προπέμπω | VERB | V-AAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 25 ὑπεξέφυγε | advcl | high | Temporal clause predicate; subject is implicit. |
| 16 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 Ἐρέβευς | case | high | |
| 17 | Ἐρέβευς | Ἔρεβος | PROPN | N-GSN--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 προὔπεμψεν | obl | high | Epic genitive form. |
| 18 | ἄξοντα | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAPASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 προὔπεμψεν | xcomp | medium | Accusative participle, likely purpose/complement of προὔπεμψεν; understood subject is the person sent. |
| 19 | κύνα | κύων | NOUN | N-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἄξοντα | obj | high | |
| 20 | στυγεροῦ | στυγερός | ADJ | A-GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Ἀίδαο | amod | high | |
| 21 | Ἀίδαο | Ἅιδης | PROPN | N-GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 κύνα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κύνα; πυλάρταο Ἀίδαο is a parallel epithet phrase. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 προὔπεμψεν | punct | high | |
| 23 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 ὑπεξέφυγε | advmod | high | |
| 24 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | PART | Mood=Potential | 25 ὑπεξέφυγε | aux | high | Counterfactual particle. |
| 25 | ὑπεξέφυγε | ὑπεκφεύγω | VERB | V-AAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Apodosis of the conditional. |
| 26 | Στυγὸς | Στύξ | PROPN | N-GSF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ὕδατος | nmod | high | |
| 27 | ὕδατος | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-GSN--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 ῥέεθρα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ῥέεθρα. |
| 28 | αἰπὰ | αἰπύς | ADJ | A-NPN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 29 ῥέεθρα | amod | high | Neuter nominative plural agreeing with ῥέεθρα. |
| 29 | ῥέεθρα | ῥεῖθρον | NOUN | N-NPN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ὑπεξέφυγε | nsubj | high | |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ὑπεξέφυγε | punct | high |