Grammar parses for passage 8.18.4
Open translation for this passage
λέγεται δὲ ὅτι γένοιτό ποτε ὄλεθρος ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ καὶ αἰξίν, αἳ τοῦ ὕδατος ἔπιον πρῶτον·
Main clause is an impersonal report introduced by ὅτι; the relative clause modifies αἰξίν, though αἰξίν is morphologically unusual and somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-PPM/P-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal/passive present, main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 λέγεται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 1 λέγεται | mark | high | Introduces reported clause. |
| 4 | γένοιτό | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-APO/--3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 1 λέγεται | ccomp | high | Optative in reported speech. |
| 5 | ποτε | ποτε | PART | D--------- | _ | 4 γένοιτό | advmod | high | Indefinite temporal particle. |
| 6 | ὄλεθρος | ὄλεθρος | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γένοιτό | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of γένοιτό. |
| 7 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 8 αὐτοῦ | case | high | Elided preposition. |
| 8 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | A-P---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 ὄλεθρος | nmod | medium | Genitive complement with ἀπό. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 10 αἰξίν | cc | high | Coordinates the second item in the compound phrase. |
| 10 | αἰξίν | αἴξ | NOUN | N-P---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ὄλεθρος | conj | medium | Likely coordinated with ὄλεθρος; form is morphologically irregular/uncertain. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 12 | αἳ | ὅς | PRON | P-P---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 15 ἔπιον | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to αἰξίν. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 ὕδατος | det | high | Article modifying ὕδατος. |
| 14 | ὕδατος | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἔπιον | obj | high | Genitive with πίνω in the clause. |
| 15 | ἔπιον | πίνω | VERB | V-AAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 αἳ | acl:relcl | high | Verb of the relative clause. |
| 16 | πρῶτον | πρῶτον | ADV | D--------- | _ | 15 ἔπιον | advmod | high | Temporal/ordering adverb. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον ἐγνώσθη καὶ εἰ δή τι ἄλλο πρόσεστι τῷ ὕδατι τῶν ἐς θαῦμα ἡκόντων.
The clause εἰ δή τι ἄλλο πρόσεστι τῷ ὕδατι τῶν ἐς θαῦμα ἡκόντων is syntactically difficult; I analyze it as an indirect question/complement clause dependent on ἐγνώσθη, with ἄλλο as the subject of πρόσεστι and τῶν ἐς θαῦμα ἡκόντων modifying ὕδατι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χρόνῳ | χρόνος | NOUN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 4 ἐγνώσθη | obl | high | Temporal dative, likely with ὕστερον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 4 ἐγνώσθη | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 ἐγνώσθη | advmod | medium | Could be adverbial or adjectival; here best taken adverbially. |
| 4 | ἐγνώσθη | γιγνώσκω | VERB | V-AIP-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 4 ἐγνώσθη | cc | high | Coordinates the following clause with the main statement. |
| 6 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 πρόσεστι | mark | high | Introduces indirect question/conditional-like clause. |
| 7 | δή | δή | PART | T-------- | _ | 10 πρόσεστι | discourse | medium | Enclitic particle emphasizing the condition/question. |
| 8 | τι | τις | PRON | RI-S---NA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 9 ἄλλο | obj | medium | Indefinite pronoun, governed by ἄλλο. |
| 9 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--NSN--- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 10 πρόσεστι | nsubj | medium | Likely agrees with implicit/indefinite τι; syntactically subject of πρόσεστι in the clause. |
| 10 | πρόσεστι | πρόσειμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 4 ἐγνώσθη | ccomp | high | Complement clause of ἐγνώσθη. |
| 11 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ὕδατι | det | high | Article modifying ὕδατι. |
| 12 | ὕδατι | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-S---ND- | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 10 πρόσεστι | obl | high | Dative complement with πρόσεστι. |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---ng- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 ἡκόντων | det | medium | Article introducing participial noun phrase. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 θαῦμα | case | high | Preposition governing θαῦμα. |
| 15 | θαῦμα | θαῦμα | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 16 ἡκόντων | obl | high | Prepositional complement. |
| 16 | ἡκόντων | ἥκω | VERB | V-RAP-PPP | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ὕδατι | nmod | medium | Genitive participle modifying ὕδατι; text likely means 'of the things that arrive at wonder'. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐγνώσθη | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |