Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 8.19.2

← 8.18.88.19.3 →

Passage 8.19.2

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
49Greek tokens
2,159input tokens
3,790output tokens
Sentence 1

8.19.2 sentence 1

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τὰ δὲ μάλιστα ἥκοντα ἐς μνήμην Διονύσου ἐστὶν ἐνταῦθα ἱερόν, καὶ ἑορτὴν ὥρᾳ ἄγουσι χειμῶνος.

The first clause is an existential/copular construction: τὰ μάλιστα ἥκοντα ἐς μνήμην Διονύσου is the subject/topic, with ἱερόν as the predicate nominative and ἐνταῦθα as a locative adverb. In the second clause, ἑορτήν is the object of ἄγουσι, while ὥρᾳ χειμῶνος is a temporal dative phrase; ὥρᾳ is interpreted as season/time, with χειμῶνος dependent on it. The exact attachment of ἐς μνήμην is semantically conventional and marked medium confidence.

cc nsubj conj det cc obl cop obj nmod punct advmod case nmod advmod punct obl root 1 τὰ ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 μάλιστα μάλιστα / ADV 4 ἥκοντα ἥκω / VERB 5 ἐς εἰς / ADP 6 μνήμην μνήμη / NOUN 7 Διονύσου Διόνυσος / PROPN 8 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 9 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 10 ἱερόν ἱερόν / NOUN 11 , , / PUNCT 12 καὶ καί / CCONJ 13 ἑορτὴν ἑορτή / NOUN 14 ὥρᾳ ὥρα / NOUN 15 ἄγουσι ἄγω / VERB 16 χειμῶνος χειμών / NOUN 17 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τὰDETT--PNACase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur4 ἥκονταdethighNeuter plural article substantivizing the participial phrase.
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_10 ἱερόνcchighPostpositive connective.
3μάλισταμάλισταADVD--------Degree=Sup4 ἥκονταadvmodhighSuperlative adverb modifying ἥκοντα.
4ἥκονταἥκωVERBVPPANACase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act10 ἱερόνnsubjmediumNeuter plural present active participle substantivized with τὰ; subject of the copular clause.
5ἐςεἰςADPR--------_6 μνήμηνcasehighVariant of εἰς governing the accusative.
6μνήμηνμνήμηNOUNN--SFACase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 ἥκονταoblmediumAccusative in the idiom ἐς μνήμην ἥκειν, ‘come to remembrance’; attached to the participle.
7ΔιονύσουΔιόνυσοςPROPNN--SMGCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 μνήμηνnmodhighGenitive dependent on μνήμην.
8ἐστὶνεἰμίAUXV3SPIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act10 ἱερόνcophighCopula with predicate noun ἱερόν; singular agrees with the predicate.
9ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADVD--------_10 ἱερόνadvmodhighLocative adverb.
10ἱερόνἱερόνNOUNN--SNACase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing0 ROOTrootmediumPredicate nominative; the singular copular predicate is treated as the syntactic root.
11,,PUNCTu--------_10 ἱερόνpuncthigh
12καὶκαίCCONJC--------_15 ἄγουσιcchighCoordinates the second clause.
13ἑορτὴνἑορτήNOUNN--SFACase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing15 ἄγουσιobjhighObject of ἄγουσι.
14ὥρᾳὥραNOUNN--SFDCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing15 ἄγουσιoblmediumTemporal dative, ‘in the season/time’; possibly an idiomatic seasonal dative.
15ἄγουσιἄγωVERBV3PPIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act10 ἱερόνconjhighFinite coordinated verb with implicit human subject.
16χειμῶνοςχειμώνNOUNN--SMGCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing14 ὥρᾳnmodhighGenitive specifying the season: ‘of winter’.
17..PUNCTu--------_15 ἄγουσιpuncthigh
Sentence 2

8.19.2 sentence 2

Tokens
26
Input
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ἐν ᾗ λίπα ἀληλιμμένοι ἄνδρες ἐξ ἀγέλης βοῶν ταῦρον, ὃν ἄν σφισιν ἐπὶ νοῦν αὐτὸς ὁ θεὸς ποιήσῃ, ἀράμενοι κομίζουσι πρὸς τὸ ἱερόν.

The relative clause ἐν ᾗ ... κομίζουσι has ᾗ as the locative relative referring to the preceding place; ταῦρον is the object of κομίζουσι, while ὃν ... ποιήσῃ is a relative clause modifying ταῦρον. ἀληλιμμένοι is treated as perfect middle/passive participle, with spelling/lexical uncertainty.

obl nsubj obl obj punct obj advmod obl punct acl:relcl obl iobj nsubj case case advmod amod case nmod case det nsubj punct advcl det root 1 ἐν ἐν / ADP 2 ὅς / PRON 3 λίπα λιπαρός / ADV 4 ἀληλιμμένοι ἀλείφω / VERB 5 ἄνδρες ἀνήρ / NOUN 6 ἐξ ἐκ / ADP 7 ἀγέλης ἀγέλη / NOUN 8 βοῶν βοῦς / NOUN 9 ταῦρον ταῦρος / NOUN 10 , , / PUNCT 11 ὃν ὅς / PRON 12 ἄν ἄν / PART 13 σφισιν σφεῖς / PRON 14 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 15 νοῦν νοῦς / NOUN 16 αὐτὸς αὐτός / PRON 17 ὁ / DET 18 θεὸς θεός / NOUN 19 ποιήσῃ ποιέω / VERB 20 , , / PUNCT 21 ἀράμενοι αἴρω / VERB 22 κομίζουσι κομίζω / VERB 23 πρὸς πρός / ADP 24 τὸ ὁ / DET 25 ἱερόν ἱερός / NOUN 26 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐνἐνADPPAdpType=Prep2 ᾗcasehigh
2ὅςPRONP-S---FD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel22 κομίζουσιoblhighLocative dative with ἐν.
3λίπαλιπαρόςADVD--------_4 ἀληλιμμένοιadvmodmediumAdverbial/intensifying use.
4ἀληλιμμένοιἀλείφωVERBV-RMP-ასNPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass5 ἄνδρεςamodlowForm and lexical analysis are uncertain; likely perfect passive participle, ‘anointed’.
5ἄνδρεςἀνήρNOUNN----NPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur22 κομίζουσιnsubjhigh
6ἐξἐκADPPAdpType=Prep7 ἀγέληςcasehigh
7ἀγέληςἀγέληNOUNN----GFS-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing22 κομίζουσιoblhigh
8βοῶνβοῦςNOUNN----GPM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur7 ἀγέληςnmodhigh
9ταῦρονταῦροςNOUNN----ASM-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing22 κομίζουσιobjhigh
10,,PUNCT__22 κομίζουσιpuncthigh
11ὃνὅςPRONP-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel19 ποιήσῃobjhighRelative pronoun, antecedent ταῦρον.
12ἄνἄνPARTX--------_19 ποιήσῃadvmodhighModal particle with subjunctive.
13σφισινσφεῖςPRONP---D3P-Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs15 νοῦνiobjhigh
14ἐπὶἐπίADPPAdpType=Prep15 νοῦνcasehigh
15νοῦννοῦςNOUNN----ASM-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ποιήσῃoblhighIdiomatic ἐπὶ νοῦν ποιεῖν.
16αὐτὸςαὐτόςPRONP-S---NM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Int18 θεὸςnsubjhighIntensive pronoun.
17DETL-S---NM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art18 θεὸςdethigh
18θεὸςθεόςNOUNN-S---NM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ποιήσῃnsubjhigh
19ποιήσῃποιέωVERBV-FAI-3S-Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act22 κομίζουσιacl:relclhigh
20,,PUNCT__19 ποιήσῃpuncthigh
21ἀράμενοιαἴρωVERBV-AMP-NPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid22 κομίζουσιadvclhighConjunct participle, subject controlled by ἄνδρες.
22κομίζουσικομίζωVERBV-PAI-3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
23πρὸςπρόςADPPAdpType=Prep25 ἱερόνcasehigh
24τὸDETL-S---AN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art25 ἱερόνdethigh
25ἱερόνἱερόςNOUNN-S---AN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing22 κομίζουσιoblhighSubstantivized adjective, ‘sanctuary’.
26..PUNCT__22 κομίζουσιpuncthigh
Sentence 3

8.19.2 sentence 3

Tokens
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θυσία μὲν τοιαύτη σφίσι καθέστηκε·

The clause is nominal: τοιαύτη agrees with θυσία, σφίσι is a dative of reference/possessor, and καθέστηκε is perfect intransitive ‘stands/is established’; μὲν is an unpaired particle here.

nsubj discourse amod iobj punct root 1 θυσία θυσία / NOUN 2 μὲν μέν / PART 3 τοιαύτη τοιοῦτος / ADJ 4 σφίσι σφεῖς / PRON 5 καθέστηκε καθίστημι / VERB 6 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1θυσίαθυσίαNOUNN-NSFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 καθέστηκεnsubjhigh
2μὲνμένPARTPART{}=5 καθέστηκεdiscoursehighNo overt δέ in this sentence.
3τοιαύτητοιοῦτοςADJA-NSFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing1 θυσίαamodhigh
4σφίσισφεῖςPRONP-3DPCase=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=35 καθέστηκεiobjmediumDative of reference/possession; form is an epic/poetic third-person plural pronoun.
5καθέστηκεκαθίστημιVERBV-RAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighPerfect with stative/intransitive sense ‘stands/is established’.
6··PUNCT_{}=5 καθέστηκεpuncthigh
← 8.18.88.19.3 →