Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 8.2.7

← 8.2.68.3.1 →

Passage 8.2.7

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
68Greek tokens
2,364input tokens
4,853output tokens
Sentence 1

8.2.7 sentence 1

Tokens
13
Input
693
Output
974
Total
1,667

ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ Νιόβην λέγουσιν ἐν Σιπύλῳ τῷ ὄρει θέρους ὥρᾳ κλαίειν.

Accusative-and-infinitive construction with λέγουσιν; spatial and temporal modifiers attach to the infinitive phrase.

obj punct xcomp advmod discourse case obl nmod advmod det nmod obl root 1 ὡσαύτως ὡσαύτως / ADV 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 καὶ καί / PART 4 Νιόβην Νιόβη / PROPN 5 λέγουσιν λέγω / VERB 6 ἐν ἐν / ADP 7 Σιπύλῳ Σίπυλος / PROPN 8 τῷ ὁ / DET 9 ὄρει ὄρος / NOUN 10 θέρους θέρος / NOUN 11 ὥρᾳ ὥρα / NOUN 12 κλαίειν κλαίω / VERB 13 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ὡσαύτωςὡσαύτωςADVD--------_5 λέγουσινadvmodhighAdverb modifying λέγουσιν.
2δὲδέPARTG--------_5 λέγουσινdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3καὶκαίPARTG--------_4 ΝιόβηνadvmodmediumLikely additive focus on Νιόβην; could also be coordinating.
4ΝιόβηνΝιόβηPROPNN-s---fa-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing12 κλαίεινobjhighAccusative subject of infinitive κλαίειν in accusative-and-infinitive construction.
5λέγουσινλέγωVERBV-3p-pia--Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb.
6ἐνἐνADPR--------_9 ὄρειcasehighPreposition governing Σιπύλῳ.
7ΣιπύλῳΣίπυλοςPROPNN-s---md-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ὄρειnmodhighDative governed by ἐν.
8τῷDETl-s---md-Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art9 ὄρειdethighArticle with ὄρει.
9ὄρειὄροςNOUNN-s---nd-Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing12 κλαίεινoblhighLocative phrase dependent on infinitive.
10θέρουςθέροςNOUNN-s---ng-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing11 ὥρᾳnmodhighGenitive dependent on ὥρᾳ.
11ὥρᾳὥραNOUNN-s---fd-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing12 κλαίεινoblhighTemporal dative phrase with θέρους.
12κλαίεινκλαίωVERBV--p--na-Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act5 λέγουσινxcomphighComplementary infinitive after λέγουσιν.
13..PUNCT__5 λέγουσινpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 2

8.2.7 sentence 2

Tokens
33
Input
877
Output
2,195
Total
3,072

ἤδη δὲ καὶ ἄλλα ἤκουσα, τοῖς γρυψὶ στίγματα ὁποῖα καὶ ταῖς παρδάλεσιν εἶναι, καὶ ὡς οἱ Τρίτωνες ἀνθρώπου φωνῇ φθέγγοιντο· οἱ δὲ καὶ φυσᾶν διὰ κόχλου τετρυπημένης φασὶν αὐτούς.

The sentence contains two reported-content constructions: an infinitival comparison after ἤκουσα and a later indirect statement/report introduced by φασὶν, with the participial phrase διὰ κόχλου τετρυπημένης attached to φυσᾶν.

punct cc punct xcomp advcl nsubj obl discourse nsubj cc mark advmod xcomp discourse nsubj det obl punct cc obj punct amod det obl det nmod obl cc case amod obj root root 1 ἤδη ἤδη / ADV 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 καὶ καί / CCONJ 4 ἄλλα ἄλλος / ADJ 5 ἤκουσα ἀκούω / VERB 6 , , / PUNCT 7 τοῖς ὁ / DET 8 γρυψὶ γρύψ / NOUN 9 στίγματα στίγμα / NOUN 10 ὁποῖα ὁποῖος / ADJ 11 καὶ καί / CCONJ 12 ταῖς ὁ / DET 13 παρδάλεσιν παρδάλη / NOUN 14 εἶναι εἰμί / VERB 15 , , / PUNCT 16 καὶ καί / CCONJ 17 ὡς ὡς / SCONJ 18 οἱ ὁ / DET 19 Τρίτωνες Τρίτων / PROPN 20 ἀνθρώπου ἄνθρωπος / NOUN 21 φωνῇ φωνή / NOUN 22 φθέγγοιντο φθέγγομαι / VERB 23 · · / PUNCT 24 οἱ ὁ / DET 25 δὲ δέ / PART 26 καὶ καί / CCONJ 27 φυσᾶν φυσάω / VERB 28 διὰ διά / ADP 29 κόχλου κόχλος / NOUN 30 τετρυπημένης τρυπάω / VERB 31 φασὶν φημί / VERB 32 αὐτούς αὐτός / PRON 33 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἤδηἤδηADVD--------_5 ἤκουσαadvmodhigh
2δὲδέPARTG--------_5 ἤκουσαdiscoursehigh
3καὶκαίCCONJC--------_4 ἄλλαcchigh
4ἄλλαἄλλοςADJA-NEP-N--Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur5 ἤκουσαobjhigh
5ἤκουσαἀκούωVERBV-AAI-1S-Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
6,,PUNCT__5 ἤκουσαpuncthigh
7τοῖςDETL-P---DM-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur9 στίγματαdethigh
8γρυψὶγρύψNOUNN-P---DM-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur14 εἶναιoblmediumLikely dative with infinitival clause; head chosen as εἶναι.
9στίγματαστίγμαNOUNN-P---NA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur14 εἶναιnsubjhigh
10ὁποῖαὁποῖοςADJP-AP---NA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur9 στίγματαamodhigh
11καὶκαίCCONJC--------_16 καὶcchigh
12ταῖςDETL-P---FD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur13 παρδάλεσινdethigh
13παρδάλεσινπαρδάληNOUNN-P---FD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur14 εἶναιoblmediumDative of comparison/association with εἶναι.
14εἶναιεἰμίVERBV--PNA---Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act5 ἤκουσαxcomphigh
15,,PUNCT__5 ἤκουσαpuncthigh
16καὶκαίCCONJC--------_5 ἤκουσαcchigh
17ὡςὡςSCONJG--------_22 φθέγγοιντοmarkhigh
18οἱDETL-P---MN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur19 Τρίτωνεςdethigh
19ΤρίτωνεςΤρίτωνPROPNN-P---MN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur22 φθέγγοιντοnsubjhigh
20ἀνθρώπουἄνθρωποςNOUNN-S---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing21 φωνῇnmodhigh
21φωνῇφωνήNOUNN-S---FD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing22 φθέγγοιντοoblhigh
22φθέγγοιντοφθέγγομαιVERBV-PAO3P---Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid31 φασὶνadvclhigh
23··PUNCT__5 ἤκουσαpuncthigh
24οἱDETL-P---MN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur31 φασὶνnsubjmediumLikely resumptive subject of φασὶν.
25δὲδέPARTG--------_31 φασὶνdiscoursehigh
26καὶκαίCCONJC--------_27 φυσᾶνcchigh
27φυσᾶνφυσάωVERBV-PNA---Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act31 φασὶνxcomphigh
28διὰδιάADPR--------_29 κόχλουcasehigh
29κόχλουκόχλοςNOUNN-S---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing27 φυσᾶνoblhigh
30τετρυπημένηςτρυπάωVERBV-RPP-???Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass29 κόχλουamodmediumForm agrees with κόχλου only loosely in text; likely intended as gen.sg.fem participle modifying κόχλου.
31φασὶνφημίVERBV-PAI3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
32αὐτούςαὐτόςPRONP-P---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=331 φασὶνobjhigh
33..PUNCT__31 φασὶνpuncthigh
Sentence 3

8.2.7 sentence 3

Tokens
22
Input
794
Output
1,684
Total
2,478

ὁπόσοι δὲ μυθολογήμασιν ἀκούοντες ἥδονται, πεφύκασι καὶ αὐτοί τι ἐπιτερατεύεσθαι· καὶ οὕτω τοῖς ἀληθέσιν ἐλυμήναντο, συγκεραννύντες αὐτὰ ἐψευσμένοις.

Two coordinated main clauses, each with participial/circumstantial modifiers; the final participle phrase ἐψευσμένοις is syntactically somewhat uncertain.

punct punct nsubj xcomp cc discourse advmod conj nsubj advcl obl obl advcl punct cc obj det obl punct obj root root 1 ὁπόσοι ὁπόσος / PRON 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 μυθολογήμασιν μυθολόγημα / NOUN 4 ἀκούοντες ἀκούω / VERB 5 ἥδονται ἥδομαι / VERB 6 , , / PUNCT 7 πεφύκασι φύω / VERB 8 καὶ καί / CCONJ 9 αὐτοί αὐτός / PRON 10 τι τις / PRON 11 ἐπιτερατεύεσθαι ἐπιτερατεύομαι / VERB 12 · · / PUNCT 13 καὶ καί / CCONJ 14 οὕτω οὕτως / ADV 15 τοῖς ὁ / DET 16 ἀληθέσιν ἀληθής / ADJ 17 ἐλυμήναντο λυμαίνομαι / VERB 18 , , / PUNCT 19 συγκεραννύντες συγκεράννυμι / VERB 20 αὐτὰ αὐτός / PRON 21 ἐψευσμένοις ψεύδομαι / VERB 22 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ὁπόσοιὁπόσοςPRONPk-p---mn-Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural5 ἥδονταιnsubjhighCorrelative pronoun introducing the subject.
2δὲδέPARTg--------_5 ἥδονταιdiscoursehighPostpositive particle.
3μυθολογήμασινμυθολόγημαNOUNn-p---nd-Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural4 ἀκούοντεςoblhighDative with ἀκούοντες.
4ἀκούοντεςἀκούωVERBvpp1pamn-Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plural|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act5 ἥδονταιadvclhighParticipial clause modifying the subject.
5ἥδονταιἥδομαιVERBv3ppie---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighMain verb of the first clause.
6,,PUNCT__5 ἥδονταιpuncthighPunctuation.
7πεφύκασιφύωVERBv3pria---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act5 ἥδονταιconjhighCoordinated with ἥδονται; perfect with present sense.
8καὶκαίCCONJc--------_7 πεφύκασιcchighCoordinating conjunction.
9αὐτοίαὐτόςPRONPk3p---mn-Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural7 πεφύκασιnsubjhighEmphatic subject of the infinitive clause.
10τιτιςPRONPx-s---na-Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular11 ἐπιτερατεύεσθαιobjmediumIndefinite pronoun modifying ἐπιτερατεύεσθαι; function somewhat loose.
11ἐπιτερατεύεσθαιἐπιτερατεύομαιVERBv--pnm---Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid7 πεφύκασιxcomphighComplementary infinitive after πεφύκασι.
12··PUNCT__5 ἥδονταιpuncthighPunctuation.
13καὶκαίCCONJc--------_17 ἐλυμήναντοcchighLinks the second clause.
14οὕτωοὕτωςADVd--------_17 ἐλυμήναντοadvmodhighManner adverb.
15τοῖςDETl-p---md-Case=Dative|Definite=Def|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural16 ἀληθέσινdethighArticle with ἀληθέσιν.
16ἀληθέσινἀληθήςADJa-p---md-Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural17 ἐλυμήναντοoblhighDative object/complement with ἐλυμήναντο.
17ἐλυμήναντολυμαίνομαιVERBv3paim---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighMain verb of the second clause.
18,,PUNCT__17 ἐλυμήναντοpuncthighPunctuation.
19συγκεραννύντεςσυγκεράννυμιVERBvpp1pamn-Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plural|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act17 ἐλυμήναντοadvclhighParticipial circumstance/modifier of the main verb.
20αὐτὰαὐτόςPRONPd--p---na-Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural19 συγκεραννύντεςobjhighObject of συγκεραννύντες.
21ἐψευσμένοιςψεύδομαιVERBvprppamd-Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Part|Number=Plural|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid19 συγκεραννύντεςoblmediumLikely dative participle dependent on συγκεραννύντες; morphology/syntax somewhat uncertain.
22..PUNCT__17 ἐλυμήναντοpuncthighPunctuation.
← 8.2.68.3.1 →