Grammar parses for passage 8.20.1
Open translation for this passage
προελθόντων δὲ σταδίους ὡς πεντήκοντα ἐκ Λυκουρίας, ἐπὶ τοῦ Λάδωνος ἀφίξῃ τὰς πηγάς·
The syntax is dominated by a genitive absolute and a main clause with prepositional location/direction phrases; ἀφίξῃ is morphologically ambiguous in isolation, but is best taken as the finite verb here.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθόντων | προέρχομαι | VERB | V--AAPGMP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἀφίξῃ | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἀφίξῃ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-P---APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀφίξῃ | obj | medium | Accusative of extent/distance. |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | ADV | D--------- | _ | 5 πεντήκοντα | advmod | high | Approximative modifier of numeral. |
| 5 | πεντήκοντα | πεντήκοντα | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 3 σταδίους | nummod | high | Numeral modifying σταδίους. |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R--------- | _ | 7 Λυκουρίας | case | high | Preposition governing the following genitive. |
| 7 | Λυκουρίας | Λυκουρία | PROPN | N-P---FGS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἀφίξῃ | obl | high | Object of ἐκ. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀφίξῃ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 11 Λάδωνος | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM---? | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Λάδωνος | det | medium | Article with proper name. |
| 11 | Λάδωνος | Λάδων | PROPN | N-P---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀφίξῃ | obl | high | Object of ἐπί. |
| 12 | ἀφίξῃ | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-PAI-2S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | low | Likely 2nd singular present indicative; context may be narrative 'you arrive' or generalized future-like usage. |
| 13 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF---? | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 πηγάς | det | high | Article modifying πηγάς. |
| 14 | πηγάς | πηγή | NOUN | N-P---AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 ἀφίξῃ | obj | high | Direct object of ἀφίξῃ. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀφίξῃ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἤκουσα δὲ ὡς τὸ ὕδωρ τὸ λιμνάζον ἐν τῇ Φενεατικῇ, κατερχόμενον ἐς τὰ βάραθρα τὰ ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσιν, ἄνεισιν ἐνταῦθα καὶ ποιεῖ τῷ Λάδωνι τὰς πηγάς.
Reported-content clause introduced by ὡς contains participial modifiers of ὕδωρ and two coordinated finite predicates, ἄνεισιν and ποιεῖ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἤκουσα | ἀκούω | VERB | V1AAI1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PCL | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CS | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | mark | high | Introduces reported content. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ὕδωρ | det | high | Article with ὕδωρ. |
| 5 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἤκουσα | ccomp | high | Content clause subject/predicate noun phrase after ὡς. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 λιμνάζον | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 7 | λιμνάζον | λιμνάζω | VERB | v-sppann- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ὕδωρ | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying ὕδωρ. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 10 Φενεατικῇ | case | high | Introduces location phrase. |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Φενεατικῇ | det | high | Article with Φενεατικῇ. |
| 10 | Φενεατικῇ | Φενεατικός | ADJ | a-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 λιμνάζον | obl | high | Locative modifier of λιμνάζον. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | κατερχόμενον | κατέρχομαι | VERB | v-sppmnn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ὕδωρ | acl | high | Second participial modifier of ὕδωρ. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 15 βάραθρα | case | high | Directional preposition. |
| 14 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 βάραθρα | det | high | Article with βάραθρα. |
| 15 | βάραθρα | βάραθρον | NOUN | n-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 κατερχόμενον | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 16 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 ὄρεσιν | det | high | Article with ὄρεσιν. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 19 ὄρεσιν | case | high | Introduces locative phrase. |
| 18 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | l-p---md- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 ὄρεσιν | det | high | Article with ὄρεσιν. |
| 19 | ὄρεσιν | ὄρος | NOUN | n-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 βάραθρα | nmod | medium | Likely modifier of βάραθρα, 'in the mountains'. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 21 | ἄνεισιν | ἀνέρχομαι | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἤκουσα | ccomp | high | Finite verb of reported content. |
| 22 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | d-------- | _ | 21 ἄνεισιν | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c--------- | _ | 24 ποιεῖ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 24 | ποιεῖ | ποιέω | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 ἄνεισιν | conj | high | Coordinated verb with ἄνεισιν. |
| 25 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 Λάδωνι | det | high | Article with Λάδωνι. |
| 26 | Λάδωνι | Λάδων | PROPN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ποιεῖ | iobj | high | Indirect object of ποιεῖ. |
| 27 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | l-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 πηγάς | det | high | Article with πηγάς. |
| 28 | πηγάς | πηγή | NOUN | n-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 24 ποιεῖ | obj | high | Direct object of ποιεῖ. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τοῦτο μὲν δὴ οὐκ ἔχω σαφῶς εἰπεῖν, εἴτε οὕτως εἴτε ἄλλως ἐστὶν ἔχον·
The clause after the comma is a paired εἴτε…εἴτε construction functioning as a content complement; ἔχον with ἐστὶν is treated as a periphrastic predication.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | p-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 5 ἔχω | obj | high | Accusative neuter singular demonstrative pronoun as object of ἔχω. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 1 τοῦτο | discourse | high | Enclitic particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | d-------- | _ | 5 ἔχω | discourse | high | Particle modifying the clause. |
| 4 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | d-------- | Polarity=Neg | 5 ἔχω | advmod | high | Negation of the main verb. |
| 5 | ἔχω | ἔχω | VERB | v-1spia-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the clause. |
| 6 | σαφῶς | σαφῶς | ADV | d-------- | _ | 7 εἰπεῖν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the infinitive phrase. |
| 7 | εἰπεῖν | λέγω | VERB | v--ana--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 ἔχω | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive depending on ἔχω. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔχω | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 9 | εἴτε | εἴτε | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 13 ἐστὶν | mark | high | First part of paired disjunction. |
| 10 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | d-------- | _ | 14 ἔχον | advmod | high | Adverb within the conditional/disjunctive clause. |
| 11 | εἴτε | εἴτε | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 13 ἐστὶν | mark | high | Second part of paired disjunction. |
| 12 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | d-------- | _ | 14 ἔχον | advmod | high | Adverb within the second disjunct. |
| 13 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 14 ἔχον | cop | high | Copula in periphrastic predicate. |
| 14 | ἔχον | ἔχω | VERB | v-sppana- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἔχω | ccomp | medium | Present active participle; likely predicative complement in the quoted alternatives. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔχω | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |