Grammar parses for passage 8.20.2
Open translation for this passage
τοῦ λόγου δὲ τοῦ ἐς Δάφνην τὰ μὲν Σύροις τοῖς οἰκοῦσιν ἐπὶ Ὀρόντῃ ποταμῷ παρίημι, λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἄλλα τοιάδε ὑπὸ Ἀρκάδων καὶ Ἠλείων.
The sentence has two coordinated clauses: παρίημι governs the topicalized/genitive phrase τοῦ λόγου ... with τὰ μέν marking the material passed over, while λέγεται is impersonal/passive with ἄλλα τοιάδε as nominative subject and ὑπό + genitive agent. The form οἰκοῦσιν is substantivized dative plural participle agreeing with τοῖς Σύροις.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 λόγου | det | high | |
| 2 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παρίημι | obj | medium | Genitive object/topic with παρίημι; syntactically fronted. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 παρίημι | cc | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Δάφνην | det | high | Article agreeing with substantivized ἐς Δάφνην phrase. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Δάφνην | case | high | |
| 6 | Δάφνην | Δάφνη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 λόγου | nmod | high | Object of ἐς; identifies the λόγος. |
| 7 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 παρίημι | obj | high | Substantivizing article with implied contents. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 7 τὰ | advmod | high | Correlative μέν; δέ follows at token 18. |
| 9 | Σύροις | Σύρος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 οἰκοῦσιν | obl | medium | Dative of reference/agent-like association with οἰκοῦσιν. |
| 10 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 οἰκοῦσιν | det | high | |
| 11 | οἰκοῦσιν | οἰκέω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 Σύροις | acl | high | Substantivized participle, agreeing with τοῖς Σύροις. |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 Ὀρόντῃ | case | high | |
| 13 | Ὀρόντῃ | Ὀρόντης | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 οἰκοῦσιν | obl | high | Location with ἐπί. |
| 14 | ποταμῷ | ποταμός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Ὀρόντῃ | appos | high | Apposition identifying the Orontes as a river. |
| 15 | παρίημι | παρίημι | VERB | V-PAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _________ | _ | 15 παρίημι | punct | high | |
| 17 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 15 παρίημι | conj | medium | Passive/impersonal use is possible despite middle-form morphology. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 λέγεται | cc | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἄλλα | cc | high | Coordinates the additional material. |
| 20 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 λέγεται | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural subject with λέγεται; accusative form may reflect impersonal construction or textual variation. |
| 21 | τοιάδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 20 ἄλλα | amod | medium | Nominal demonstrative agreeing semantically with ἄλλα; case mismatch is textually/syntactically difficult. |
| 22 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 Ἀρκάδων | case | high | |
| 23 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 λέγεται | obl:agent | high | |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 Ἠλείων | cc | high | |
| 25 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 Ἀρκάδων | conj | high | Coordinated with Ἀρκάδων under ὑπό. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _________ | _ | 17 λέγεται | punct | high |
Οἰνομάῳ τῷ δυναστεύσαντι ἐν Πίσῃ Λεύκιππος ἦν υἱός.
Dative Οἰνομάῳ τῷ δυναστεύσαντι is an attributive dative of possession/association with υἱός; ἦν is copular, with υἱός as predicate nominative and Λεύκιππος as subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Οἰνομάῳ | Οἰνόμαος | PROPN | N--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 υἱός | obl | high | |
| 2 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | P--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 δυναστεύσαντι | det | high | |
| 3 | δυναστεύσαντι | δυναστεύω | VERB | V--AAPDSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 Οἰνομάῳ | acl | high | Attributive aorist active participle agreeing with Οἰνομάῳ. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 Πίσῃ | case | high | |
| 5 | Πίσῃ | Πῖσα | PROPN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 δυναστεύσαντι | obl | high | |
| 6 | Λεύκιππος | Λεύκιππος | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 υἱός | cop | high | |
| 8 | υἱός | υἱός | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate nominative: ‘Leucippus was a son (of Oenomaus).’ |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 υἱός | punct | high |
παρέστη δέ οἱ τοιόνδε ἐς αὐτὴν σόφισμα.
The sentence has an impersonal/resultative παρέστη with dative οἱ and neuter τοιόνδε σόφισμα as the subject-like nominative phrase; ἐς αὐτήν marks the target or application of the device. The form οἱ is morphologically ambiguous but is best taken here as a dative pronoun.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρέστη | παρίστημι | VERB | V-3AAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 παρέστη | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | RP-DAT-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 1 παρέστη | iobj | medium | Likely third-person singular dative pronoun; formally homographic with the article. |
| 4 | τοιόνδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | A-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 σόφισμα | amod | high | |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 αὐτὴν | case | high | |
| 6 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-3AF-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 7 σόφισμα | obl | high | Accusative feminine singular governed by ἐς. |
| 7 | σόφισμα | σόφισμα | NOUN | N-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 παρέστη | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 παρέστη | punct | high |