Grammar parses for passage 8.23.3
Open translation for this passage
φασὶ δὲ οἱ Καφυεῖς τὰ ἄνωθεν ἐκ τῆς Ἀττικῆς εἶναι χώρας, ἐκβληθέντες δὲ ὑπὸ Αἰγέως ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν ἐς Ἀρκαδίαν φυγεῖν καὶ ἱκέται γενόμενοι Κηφέως οἰκῆσαι ἐνταῦθα.
The syntax is a chain of indirect statement and circumstantial participles; the hardest point is the first infinitival clause, where χώρας is formally ambiguous but is best treated as an accusative complement with εἶναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | φασὶ | φημί | VERB | V--3PIP-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of indirect statement. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 φασὶ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T- PMN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Καφυεῖς | det | high | Article with Καφυεῖς. |
| 4 | Καφυεῖς | Καφυεύς | PROPN | N-PMN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 φασὶ | nsubj | high | Subject of φασὶ. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T- PAN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 χώρας | det | high | Article modifying χώρας. |
| 6 | ἄνωθεν | ἄνωθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 χώρας | advmod | high | Adverb modifying χώρας. |
| 7 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 χώρας | case | high | Preposition governing χώρας. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-SFG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Ἀττικῆς | det | high | Article with Ἀττικῆς. |
| 9 | Ἀττικῆς | Ἀττική | PROPN | A-SFG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 χώρας | nmod | medium | Dependent genitive within ἐκ phrase; form could be adjective or proper noun. |
| 10 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 φασὶ | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement in indirect speech. |
| 11 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-PFN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Likely accusative predicative complement with εἶναι; token form is formally ambiguous. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 φασὶ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | ἐκβληθέντες | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | V-APMPN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 1 φασὶ | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Καφυεῖς. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 ἐκβληθέντες | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 15 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Αἰγέως | case | high | Agentive preposition. |
| 16 | Αἰγέως | Αἰγεύς | PROPN | N-SMG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐκβληθέντες | obl | high | Agent of passive participle. |
| 17 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 Ἀθηνῶν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 18 | Ἀθηνῶν | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | N-PFG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 φυγεῖν | obl | high | Source complement with φυγεῖν. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 Ἀρκαδίαν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 20 | Ἀρκαδίαν | Ἀρκαδία | PROPN | N-SFA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 φυγεῖν | obl | high | Goal complement with φυγεῖν. |
| 21 | φυγεῖν | φεύγω | VERB | V-AAN--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 ἐκβληθέντες | advcl | high | Second infinitival complement within the participial clause. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 γενόμενοι | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 23 | ἱκέται | ἱκέτης | NOUN | N-PMN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 γενόμενοι | nsubj | high | Predicate/subject with γενόμενοι. |
| 24 | γενόμενοι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMPMPN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 φασὶ | advcl | high | Participial clause coordinated with preceding infinitive phrase. |
| 25 | Κηφέως | Κηφεύς | PROPN | N-SMG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 οἰκῆσαι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of οἰκῆσαι, likely possessor/association. |
| 26 | οἰκῆσαι | οἰκέω | VERB | V-AAN--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 24 γενόμενοι | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of γενόμενοι. |
| 27 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 26 οἰκῆσαι | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 φασὶ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Καφυάταις δὲ ἱερὰ θεῶν Ποσειδῶνός ἐστι καὶ ἐπίκλησιν Κνακαλησίας Ἀρτέμιδος.
The syntax is elliptical/copuIar: ἐστι governs the predicative nominal phrase, with ἐπίκλησιν introducing a second coordinated genitival designation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Καφυάταις | Καφυαί | PROPN | N-p---fd- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 6 ἐστι | obl | high | Dative plural of place-name used as locative oblique. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 6 ἐστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἱερὰ | ἱερός | ADJ | A-p---na- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 6 ἐστι | nsubj | medium | Probably subject predicate agreement with implicit neuter plural subject 'shrines'. |
| 4 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-p---fg- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 3 ἱερὰ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἱερά. |
| 5 | Ποσειδῶνός | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | N-s---mg- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 4 θεῶν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of θεῶν. |
| 6 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἐστι | cc | high | Coordination marker. |
| 8 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 6 ἐστι | obj | medium | Likely accusative of respect/limiting with implied copular predication. |
| 9 | Κνακαλησίας | Κνακαλησία | PROPN | N-s---fg- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 10 Ἀρτέμιδος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Ἀρτέμιδος. |
| 10 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-s---fg- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 8 ἐπίκλησιν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἐπίκλησιν. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |