Grammar parses for passage 8.23.4
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ αὐτοῖς καὶ ὄρος Κνάκαλος, ἔνθα ἐπέτειον τελετὴν ἄγουσι τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι.
The main syntactic difficulty is whether Κνάκαλος is best analyzed as an appositive/proper-name modifier of ὄρος; here it is attached as a modifier of the noun phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-3DPM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 ἔστι | obl | high | Dative of possession/interest with ἔστι. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ὄρος | cc | high | Connects the noun phrase with prior context. |
| 5 | ὄρος | ὄρος | NOUN | N-SNS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἔστι. |
| 6 | Κνάκαλος | Κνάκαλος | PROPN | N-NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὄρος | amod | medium | Proper-name modifier/apposition to ὄρος; morphology partly uncertain. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 8 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 ἄγουσι | advmod | high | Relative/local adverb introducing the clause. |
| 9 | ἐπέτειον | ἐπέτειος | ADJ | A-NSN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 τελετὴν | amod | high | Adjective modifying τελετήν. |
| 10 | τελετὴν | τελετή | NOUN | N-SFA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἄγουσι | obj | high | Direct object of ἄγουσι. |
| 11 | ἄγουσι | ἄγω | VERB | V-3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 ἔστι | advcl | high | Finite verb of the relative/adverbial clause. |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Ἀρτέμιδι | det | high | Article with Ἀρτέμιδι. |
| 13 | Ἀρτέμιδι | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἄγουσι | obl | high | Dative recipient/indirect object. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ὀλίγον δὲ ὑπὲρ τὴν πόλιν πηγή τέ ἐστι καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ πηγῇ πλάτανος μεγάλη καὶ εὐειδὴς πέφυκε·
The syntax is a simple coordination of two clauses: one with copula ἐστι and subject πηγή, and another with πέφυκε and subject πλάτανος; the adverbial ὀλίγον is somewhat loose in function.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADJ | A-NSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστι | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative modifying the whole clause; could also be taken as neuter adjective agreeing with understood ποσόν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | case | high | Preposition governing τὴν πόλιν. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 πόλιν | det | high | Article with πόλιν. |
| 5 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ὑπὲρ | obl | high | Object of ὑπέρ. |
| 6 | πηγή | πηγή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι. |
| 7 | τέ | τε | PART | _ | _ | 6 πηγή | cc | high | Enclitic copulative particle linking πηγή and the following clause. |
| 8 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular verb. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 πέφυκε | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause with the first. |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 17 πέφυκε | case | high | Preposition governing τῇ πηγῇ. |
| 11 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 πηγῇ | det | high | Article with πηγῇ. |
| 12 | πηγῇ | πηγή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 πέφυκε | obl | high | Oblique complement of ἐπί. |
| 13 | πλάτανος | πλάτανος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 πέφυκε | nsubj | high | Subject of πέφυκε. |
| 14 | μεγάλη | μέγας | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 πλάτανος | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying πλάτανος. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 εὐειδὴς | cc | high | Coordinates adjectives μεγάλη and εὐειδὴς. |
| 16 | εὐειδὴς | εὐειδής | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 μεγάλη | conj | medium | Coordinated with μεγάλη; agreement suggests nominative feminine singular. |
| 17 | πέφυκε | φύω | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ἐστι | conj | high | Second predicate, coordinated with ἐστι; perfect form with present sense. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐφʼ ἡμῶν δὲ καὶ τὴν πηγὴν κατὰ ταὐτὰ τῇ πλατάνῳ καλοῦσι Μενελαΐδα.
Main clause with object and a comparative/adverbial phrase: 'they call the spring, too, by the plane tree in the same way, Menelaïs'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 2 ἡμῶν | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 2 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | Pp | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 11 καλοῦσι | obl | high | Object of ἐπί, dependent on the finite verb. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 καλοῦσι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 τὴν | cc | high | Connects the coordinated object. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Rd | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 πηγὴν | det | high | Article modifying πηγὴν. |
| 6 | πηγὴν | πηγή | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καλοῦσι | obj | high | Direct object of καλοῦσι. |
| 7 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 8 ταὐτὰ | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 8 | ταὐτὰ | αὐτός | ADJ | A-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 καλοῦσι | obl | medium | Likely adverbial phrase 'in the same way'; morphologically neuter plural adjective/pronoun form. |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | Rd | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 πλατάνῳ | det | high | Article modifying πλατάνῳ. |
| 10 | πλατάνῳ | πλάτανος | NOUN | N-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καλοῦσι | obl | high | Dative complement of comparison with κατὰ ταὐτά. |
| 11 | καλοῦσι | καλέω | VERB | V-3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb, main predicate. |
| 12 | Μενελαΐδα | Μενελαΐς | PROPN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καλοῦσι | obj | medium | Appositional/called name; form treated as accusative feminine singular. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 καλοῦσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |