Grammar parses for passage 8.23.8
Open translation for this passage
ἀνελθὼν δὲ ἐκ Καφυῶν ὅσον σταδίους ἑπτὰ ἐπὶ Νάσους καλουμένας καταβήσῃ·
Participial fronted temporal/circumstantial clause modifies the imperative-like main verb; the distance expression ὅσον σταδίους ἑπτὰ is adverbial.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνελθὼν | ἀναβαίνω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 καταβήσῃ | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle modifying the main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἀνελθὼν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 4 Καφυῶν | case | high | Preposition governing the following genitive. |
| 4 | Καφυῶν | Καφύαι | PROPN | N-P---FGP | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 ἀνελθὼν | obl | high | Place-name in the genitive with ἐκ. |
| 5 | ὅσον | ὅσος | ADV | D---- | _ | 11 καταβήσῃ | advmod | medium | Adverbial extent phrase introducing distance; could be analyzed as accusative-adverbial use. |
| 6 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-AP---M | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ὅσον | obl | high | Measure/distance noun dependent on ὅσον. |
| 7 | ἑπτὰ | ἑπτά | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 6 σταδίους | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral modifying σταδίους. |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 9 Νάσους | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 9 | Νάσους | Νάσοι | PROPN | N-AP---FP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 καταβήσῃ | obl | high | Toponym governed by ἐπί. |
| 10 | καλουμένας | καλέω | VERB | V-PPM-APF | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 Νάσους | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying Νάσους. |
| 11 | καταβήσῃ | καταβαίνω | VERB | V-AAS-2S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Main verb; form can also be read as future indicative in some contexts, but here subjunctive is likely. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 καταβήσῃ | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
πεντήκοντα δὲ προελθόντι αὐτόθεν σταδίους ἐστὶν ὁ Λάδων.
The syntax is a distance expression with an existential/copular ἐστίν; the dative participle προελθόντι is best taken as adverbial/elliptical circumstance.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεντήκοντα | πεντήκοντα | NUM | _ | NumType=Card | 5 σταδίους | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral modifying σταδίους. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 ἐστὶν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | προελθόντι | προέρχομαι | VERB | PAP-DSM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἐστὶν | advcl | medium | Dative participle likely adverbial, agreeing with an implied dative subject of ἐστίν. |
| 4 | αὐτόθεν | αὐτόθεν | ADV | _ | _ | 3 προελθόντι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the participle. |
| 5 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Accusative of extent/distance. |
| 6 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular/existential verb. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Λάδων | det | high | Definite article. |
| 8 | Λάδων | Λάδων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστίν. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
διαβήσῃ τε δὴ τὸν ποταμὸν καὶ ἐπὶ δρυμὸν ἀφίξῃ Σόρωνα διά τε Ἀργεαθῶν καὶ Λυκούντων καλουμένων καὶ Σκοτάνης.
The syntax is a coordination of two subjunctive verbs, with a following διά phrase introducing a genitive list; the exact attachment of the genitive names is somewhat uncertain but they most likely depend on διά.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διαβήσῃ | διαβαίνω | VERB | V-3AAS--3S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first coordinated clause. |
| 2 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 διαβήσῃ | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 διαβήσῃ | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA--AMS-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ποταμὸν | det | high | Article modifying ποταμόν. |
| 5 | ποταμὸν | ποταμός | NOUN | N-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 διαβήσῃ | obj | high | Object of διαβήσῃ. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἀφίξῃ | cc | high | Connects coordinated verbs. |
| 7 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | Case=Acc | 8 δρυμὸν | case | high | Preposition governing δρυμόν. |
| 8 | δρυμὸν | δρυμός | NOUN | N-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀφίξῃ | obl | high | Directional oblique with ἐπί. |
| 9 | ἀφίξῃ | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-3AAS--3S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 διαβήσῃ | conj | high | Second coordinated verb. |
| 10 | Σόρωνα | Σόρων | PROPN | N-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀφίξῃ | obj | high | Object of ἀφίξῃ. |
| 11 | διά | διά | ADP | R-------- | Case=Gen | 13 Ἀργεαθῶν | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀργεαθῶν. |
| 12 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 Ἀργεαθῶν | discourse | medium | Likely enclitic connective within the list. |
| 13 | Ἀργεαθῶν | Ἀργέαθος | PROPN | N-PGP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 Σκοτάνης | nmod | medium | Genitive member of coordinated place/ethnic names after διά. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 Λυκούντων | cc | high | Connects coordinated genitives. |
| 15 | Λυκούντων | Λύκων | PROPN | N-PGP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Ἀργεαθῶν | conj | medium | Likely another genitive name; form is unusual, so lemma is tentative. |
| 16 | καλουμένων | καλέω | VERB | V-PPPMPG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 Ἀργεαθῶν | acl | high | Participle agreeing with the genitive names; 'called'. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 Σκοτάνης | cc | high | Connects final coordinated genitive. |
| 18 | Σκοτάνης | Σκοτάνη | PROPN | N-PFS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ἀργεαθῶν | conj | high | Final coordinated genitive with διά. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 διαβήσῃ | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |