Grammar parses for passage 8.24.11
Open translation for this passage
τὰς δὲ Ἐχινάδας νήσους ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἀχελῴου μὴ σφᾶς ἤπειρον ἄχρι ἡμῶν ἀπειργάσθαι γέγονε δὴ αἰτία τὸ Αἰτωλῶν ἔθνος,
The accusative-infinitive construction is the subject of γέγονε: τὰς Ἐχινάδας νήσους ... ἀπειργάσθαι, with τὸ Αἰτωλῶν ἔθνος as the postposed predicate nominative/causal subject-like constituent of αἰτία. μὴ σφᾶς ἤπειρον is an embedded predicative expression, while ἄχρι ἡμῶν modifies ἀπειργάσθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 νήσους | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 16 αἰτία | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἐχινάδας | Ἐχινάς | PROPN | Neuter? | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 νήσους | compound | medium | Toponym used attributively with νήσους; lexical gender/form is irregular. |
| 4 | νήσους | νῆσος | NOUN | N-AF-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 ἀπειργάσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 5 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R- | _ | 7 Ἀχελῴου | case | high | |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀχελῴου | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἀχελῴου | Ἀχελῷος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀπειργάσθαι | obl:agent | high | Agent with passive ἀπειργάσθαι. |
| 8 | μὴ | μή | PART | D- | Polarity=Neg | 10 ἤπειρον | advmod | high | |
| 9 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-AP | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 ἤπειρον | nsubj | medium | Reflexive/third-person plural accusative in the embedded predication. |
| 10 | ἤπειρον | ἤπειρος | NOUN | N-AF-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἀπειργάσθαι | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative with σφᾶς; singular form is collective/qualitative. |
| 11 | ἄχρι | ἄχρι | ADP | R- | _ | 12 ἡμῶν | case | high | |
| 12 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-GP | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 13 ἀπειργάσθαι | obl | high | |
| 13 | ἀπειργάσθαι | ἀπείργω | VERB | V-RAN | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 14 γέγονε | csubj | medium | Perfect passive infinitive; its accusative subject is νήσους. |
| 14 | γέγονε | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal/existential construction: ‘it has come to be that...’. |
| 15 | δὴ | δή | PART | D- | _ | 14 γέγονε | advmod | high | |
| 16 | αἰτία | αἰτία | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 γέγονε | xcomp | medium | Predicate noun in the impersonal construction, ‘the cause has become...’; alternatively appositional to the following subject-like phrase. |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἔθνος | det | high | |
| 18 | Αἰτωλῶν | Αἰτωλός | PROPN | N-GP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἔθνος | nmod | high | Ethnic name used attributively. |
| 19 | ἔθνος | ἔθνος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 αἰτία | nsubj | medium | Postposed nominative subject/predicate constituent: ‘the Aetolian nation’. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 γέγονε | punct | high |
ταῖς Ἐχινάσιν οὖν ἅτε ἀσπόρου μενούσης τῆς Αἰτωλίας οὐχ ὁμοίως ὁ Ἀχελῷος ἐπάγει τὴν ἰλύν.
Main clause: ὁ Ἀχελῷος ἐπάγει τὴν ἰλύν; ταῖς Ἐχινάσιν is a dative destination/recipient phrase. The genitive absolute τῆς Αἰτωλίας ἀσπόρου μενούσης is concessive with ἅτε; ἀσπόρου is predicative, ‘remaining seedless/barren’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 2 Ἐχινάσιν | det | high | |
| 2 | Ἐχινάσιν | Ἐχινάς | PROPN | Ne----Dat | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπάγει | obl | medium | Dative destination/recipient; proper place name. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 ἐπάγει | advmod | high | Inferential connective. |
| 4 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 6 μενούσης | mark | medium | Introduces a causal/concessive circumstantial construction. |
| 5 | ἀσπόρου | ἄσπορος | ADJ | A--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μενούσης | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective in the genitive absolute. |
| 6 | μενούσης | μένω | VERB | V-PAP-GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ἐπάγει | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Αἰτωλίας | det | high | |
| 8 | Αἰτωλίας | Αἰτωλία | PROPN | Ne----Gen | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μενούσης | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 9 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | T-------- | Polarity=Neg | 10 ὁμοίως | advmod | high | Negates ὁμοίως. |
| 10 | ὁμοίως | ὅμοιος | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 ἐπάγει | advmod | high | Adverbial manner/comparison. |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Ἀχελῷος | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἀχελῷος | Ἀχελῷος | PROPN | Ne----Nom | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπάγει | nsubj | high | River-god/name; nominative subject. |
| 13 | ἐπάγει | ἐπάγω | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 ἰλύν | det | high | |
| 15 | ἰλύν | ἰλύς | NOUN | N----ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπάγει | obj | high | Accusative direct object, ‘mud/silt’. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐπάγει | punct | high |