Grammar parses for passage 8.24.13
Open translation for this passage
ὃν δὲ ἤκουσα ἐν Ψωφῖδι ἐπὶ Ἀγλαῷ λόγον ἀνδρὶ Ψωφιδίῳ κατὰ Κροῖσον τὸν Λυδὸν ὄντι ἡλικίαν, ὡς ὁ Ἀγλαὸς τὸν χρόνον τοῦ βίου πάντα γένοιτο εὐδαίμων, οὔ με ἔπειθεν ὁ λόγος.
Relative clause ὃν ... λόγον is resumed as the accusative object of ἔπειθεν; ἐπὶ Ἀγλαῷ and the dative phrase identify the report and its source/context. ὄντι agrees with ἀνδρί, while κατὰ Κροῖσον ... ἡλικίαν is an idiomatic comparison in age. The ὡς-clause is content under λόγον, with optative γένοιτο in reported potential/oblique discourse.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 8 λόγον | det | high | Relative pronoun modifying λόγον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 31 ἔπειθεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἤκουσα | ἀκούω | VERB | V-1AAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 31 ἔπειθεν | ccomp | medium | Finite verb in the relative clause; λόγον is its object. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Ψωφῖδι | case | high | |
| 5 | Ψωφῖδι | Ψώφις | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἤκουσα | obl | high | Location of hearing. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 Ἀγλαῷ | case | high | |
| 7 | Ἀγλαῷ | Ἀγλαός | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 λόγον | obl | medium | Dative associated with λόγον, likely the person/source connected with the report. |
| 8 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἔπειθεν | obj | high | Object of ἔπειθεν and antecedent/resumptive noun for ὃν. |
| 9 | ἀνδρὶ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 λόγον | nmod | medium | Dative of person/source associated with λόγον. |
| 10 | Ψωφιδίῳ | Ψωφίδιος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνδρὶ | amod | high | |
| 11 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 Κροῖσον | case | high | |
| 12 | Κροῖσον | Κροῖσος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἡλικίαν | obl | medium | Object of κατά in the comparative expression. |
| 13 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Λυδὸν | det | high | |
| 14 | Λυδὸν | Λυδός | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Κροῖσον | amod | high | Adjectival ethnic designation of Croesus. |
| 15 | ὄντι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἀνδρὶ | acl | high | Participial modifier of ἀνδρί. |
| 16 | ἡλικίαν | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ὄντι | obl | medium | Accusative of respect with ὄντι: being of the same age/as old as Croesus. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 ἔπειθεν | punct | high | |
| 18 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 γένοιτο | mark | high | Introduces content clause. |
| 19 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Ἀγλαὸς | det | high | |
| 20 | Ἀγλαὸς | Ἀγλαός | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 γένοιτο | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 χρόνον | det | high | |
| 22 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 γένοιτο | obl | high | Accusative extent/duration: throughout the time. |
| 23 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 βίου | det | high | |
| 24 | βίου | βίος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 χρόνον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on χρόνον. |
| 25 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 χρόνον | amod | high | Agrees with χρόνον; entire. |
| 26 | γένοιτο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 8 λόγον | ccomp | high | Verb of the content clause under λόγον. |
| 27 | εὐδαίμων | εὐδαίμων | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 γένοιτο | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with γένοιτο. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 ἔπειθεν | punct | high | |
| 29 | οὔ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 ἔπειθεν | advmod | high | Negates ἔπειθεν. |
| 30 | με | ἐγώ | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 31 ἔπειθεν | obj | high | |
| 31 | ἔπειθεν | πείθω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 32 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 λόγος | det | high | |
| 33 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἔπειθεν | nsubj | high | |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 ἔπειθεν | punct | high |
ἀλλὰ ἀνθρώπων μὲν τῶν ἐφʼ ἑαυτοῦ κακὰ ἄν τις ἐλάσσονα ἀναδέξαιτο, καθὰ καὶ ναῦς ἧσσον ἂν χειμασθείη νεὼς ἄλλης·
The first clause is a generic potential construction: κακὰ is the object of ἀναδέξαιτο, with ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἐφʼ ἑαυτοῦ understood as a genitive phrase referring to the people of one's own time. The comparative ναῦς ... ἧσσον ... χειμασθείη supplies the καθά comparison; ἄν scopes both potential verbs.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 11 ἀναδέξαιτο | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 κακὰ | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on κακά, likely partitive/object-related: troubles among human beings. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 11 ἀναδέξαιτο | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; corresponding δέ is not in this sentence. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 ἀνθρώπων | det | high | |
| 5 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 ἑαυτοῦ | case | high | Elided before ἑαυτοῦ. |
| 6 | ἑαυτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 2 ἀνθρώπων | nmod | medium | Reflexive genitive, with ἐπί; number/gender are contextually masculine singular. |
| 7 | κακὰ | κακός | NOUN | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἀναδέξαιτο | obj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective. |
| 8 | ἄν | ἄν | PART | X-------- | _ | 11 ἀναδέξαιτο | advmod | high | Potential particle. |
| 9 | τις | τις | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 11 ἀναδέξαιτο | nsubj | high | Indefinite generic subject. |
| 10 | ἐλάσσονα | ἐλάσσων | ADJ | A-APN-C | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 κακὰ | amod | high | Comparative adjective modifying substantivized κακά. |
| 11 | ἀναδέξαιτο | ἀναδέχομαι | VERB | V-3ASM | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle optative of potential/general possibility. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 11 ἀναδέξαιτο | punct | high | |
| 13 | καθὰ | καθά | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 18 χειμασθείη | mark | high | Comparative subordinator. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 15 ναῦς | cc | high | Connective καί. |
| 15 | ναῦς | ναῦς | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 χειμασθείη | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | ἧσσον | ἧσσον | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Cmp | 18 χειμασθείη | advmod | high | Comparative adverb modifying χειμασθείη. |
| 17 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | X-------- | _ | 18 χειμασθείη | advmod | high | Potential particle. |
| 18 | χειμασθείη | χειματίζω | VERB | V-3ASO | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 11 ἀναδέξαιτο | advcl | high | Potential aorist passive optative in the καθά comparative clause. |
| 19 | νεὼς | ναῦς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἄλλης | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄλλης, ‘of another ship’. |
| 20 | ἄλλης | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 χειμασθείη | obl | high | Substantivized adjective with νεώς understood as its complement. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 11 ἀναδέξαιτο | punct | high |