Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 8.24.2

Grammar › Book 8 › Chapter 8.24 › 8.24.2
← 8.24.18.24.3 →

Passage 8.24.2

Open translation for this passage

2sentences parsed
81Greek tokens
1,972input tokens
6,160output tokens
Sentence 1

8.24.2 sentence 1

Tokens
57
Input
1,159
Output
4,184
Total
5,343

ὁ δὲ ἀληθέστατος τῶν λόγων ἐστὶν Ἔρυκος τοῦ ἐν Σικανίᾳ δυναστεύσαντος παῖδα εἶναι τὴν Ψωφῖδα, ᾗ συγγενόμενος Ἡρακλῆς ἀγαγέσθαι μὲν αὐτὴν ἐς τὸν οἶκον οὐκ ἠξίου, καταλείπει δὲ ἔχουσαν ἐν τῇ γαστρὶ παρὰ Λυκόρτᾳ, ξένῳ μὲν ὄντι αὐτοῦ, παροικοῦντι δὲ ἐν πόλει Φηγίᾳ, πρὸ δὲ τοῦ Φηγέως τῆς βασιλείας Ἐρυμάνθῳ καλουμένῃ·

The copular infinitive clause (παῖδα εἶναι τὴν Ψωφῖδα) is governed by ἀληθέστατος λόγων; Ἔρυκος is the accusative-infinitive subject complement in apposition to the understood/elliptic father relation, while the participial clauses modify Heracles, Lycoras, and the local circumstances. The final πρὸ τοῦ Φηγέως τῆς βασιλείας phrase is interpreted temporally, with Ἐρυμάνθῳ καλουμένῃ agreeing with πόλει Φηγίᾳ only loosely/elliptically and therefore marked uncertain.

punct parataxis parataxis acl advcl advcl nsubj ccomp xcomp nmod obl obl case obl cc acl nsubj det obl nmod conj obl det obl nsubj punct obj case xcomp case obl nmod det case obl xcomp det obl advmod det advmod punct cc det case punct advmod punct cc case nmod punct cc det det obl root 1 ὁ ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἀληθέστατος ἀληθής / ADJ 4 τῶν ὁ / DET 5 λόγων λόγος / NOUN 6 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 7 Ἔρυκος Ἔρυξ / PROPN 8 τοῦ ὁ / DET 9 ἐν ἐν / ADP 10 Σικανίᾳ Σικανία / PROPN 11 δυναστεύσαντος δυναστεύω / VERB 12 παῖδα παῖς / NOUN 13 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 14 τὴν ὁ / DET 15 Ψωφῖδα Ψωφίς / PROPN 16 , , / PUNCT 17 ᾗ ὅς / PRON 18 συγγενόμενος συγγίγνομαι / VERB 19 Ἡρακλῆς Ἡρακλῆς / PROPN 20 ἀγαγέσθαι ἄγω / VERB 21 μὲν μέν / PART 22 αὐτὴν αὐτός / PRON 23 ἐς εἰς / ADP 24 τὸν ὁ / DET 25 οἶκον οἶκος / NOUN 26 οὐκ οὐ / PART 27 ἠξίου ἀξιόω / VERB 28 , , / PUNCT 29 καταλείπει καταλείπω / VERB 30 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 31 ἔχουσαν ἔχω / VERB 32 ἐν ἐν / ADP 33 τῇ ὁ / DET 34 γαστρὶ γαστήρ / NOUN 35 παρὰ παρά / ADP 36 Λυκόρτᾳ Λυκόρτας / PROPN 37 , , / PUNCT 38 ξένῳ ξένος / NOUN 39 μὲν μέν / PART 40 ὄντι εἰμί / VERB 41 αὐτοῦ αὐτός / PRON 42 , , / PUNCT 43 παροικοῦντι παροικέω / VERB 44 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 45 ἐν ἐν / ADP 46 πόλει πόλις / NOUN 47 Φηγίᾳ Φηγία / PROPN 48 , , / PUNCT 49 πρὸ πρό / ADP 50 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 51 τοῦ ὁ / DET 52 Φηγέως Φηγεύς / PROPN 53 τῆς ὁ / DET 54 βασιλείας βασιλεία / NOUN 55 Ἐρυμάνθῳ Ἐρύμανθος / PROPN 56 καλουμένῃ καλέω / VERB 57 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ὁὁDETP-S---MN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 ἀληθέστατοςdethigh
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_6 ἐστὶνcchighPostpositive connective.
3ἀληθέστατοςἀληθήςADJA-S---MN-Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ἐστὶνnsubjhighPredicate nominative/adjectival subject with elliptical λόγος or λόγων understood.
4τῶνὁDETP-G---MP-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art5 λόγωνdethigh
5λόγωνλόγοςNOUNN-G-M-P-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur3 ἀληθέστατοςoblmediumGenitive of comparison/partitive with superlative.
6ἐστὶνεἰμίAUXV-SPIA--3-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
7ἜρυκοςἜρυξPROPNN-S---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 παῖδαnmodmediumGenitive name within the infinitival proposition; likely understood as father/parent of Ψωφίς.
8τοῦὁDETP-S---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art11 δυναστεύσαντοςdethigh
9ἐνἐνADPR--------_10 Σικανίᾳcasehigh
10ΣικανίᾳΣικανίαPROPNN-S---FD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing11 δυναστεύσαντοςoblhigh
11δυναστεύσαντοςδυναστεύωVERBV-SAAPMG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act7 ἜρυκοςaclhighGenitive participle agreeing with Ἔρυκος.
12παῖδαπαῖςNOUNN-S---FA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 εἶναιxcomphighPredicate accusative in the infinitival clause.
13εἶναιεἰμίAUXV--PNA----Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act6 ἐστὶνccomphighInfinitival complement of the copular assertion.
14τὴνὁDETP-S---FA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art15 Ψωφῖδαdethigh
15ΨωφῖδαΨωφίςPROPNN-S---FA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 εἶναιnsubjhighAccusative subject of εἶναι; παῖδα is predicate accusative.
16,,PUNCT__18 συγγενόμενοςpuncthigh
17ᾗὅςPRONP-S---FD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel18 συγγενόμενοςoblmediumRelative dative, likely with συγγενόμενος: having intercourse with whom.
18συγγενόμενοςσυγγίγνομαιVERBV-SAMPNS-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid27 ἠξίουadvclhighCircumstantial participle modifying Heracles.
19ἩρακλῆςἩρακλῆςPROPNN-S---MN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing27 ἠξίουnsubjhigh
20ἀγαγέσθαιἄγωVERBV--AMN----Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid27 ἠξίουxcomphighInfinitive governed by ἠξίου.
21μὲνμένPARTD--------_20 ἀγαγέσθαιadvmodhighCorrelative μέν with later δέ.
22αὐτὴναὐτόςPRONP-S---FA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs20 ἀγαγέσθαιobjhigh
23ἐςεἰςADPR--------_25 οἶκονcasehigh
24τὸνὁDETP-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art25 οἶκονdethigh
25οἶκονοἶκοςNOUNN-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 ἀγαγέσθαιoblhigh
26οὐκοὐPARTD--------Polarity=Neg27 ἠξίουadvmodhigh
27ἠξίουἀξιόωVERBV-3SIA--3-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act6 ἐστὶνparataxishighMain finite verb of the Heracles narrative.
28,,PUNCT__29 καταλείπειpuncthigh
29καταλείπεικαταλείπωVERBV-3SIA--3-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act6 ἐστὶνparataxishighSecond coordinated narrative predicate; subject Heracles is understood.
30δὲδέCCONJC--------_29 καταλείπειcchigh
31ἔχουσανἔχωVERBV-S-PAPFA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act29 καταλείπειxcomphighAccusative participle with αὐτήν understood as subject/object of καταλείπει.
32ἐνἐνADPR--------_34 γαστρὶcasehigh
33τῇὁDETP-S---FD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art34 γαστρὶdethigh
34γαστρὶγαστήρNOUNN-S---FD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing31 ἔχουσανoblhighPregnancy expression: having [a child] in the womb.
35παρὰπαράADPR--------_36 ΛυκόρτᾳcasehighWith dative, at/in the presence or household of.
36ΛυκόρτᾳΛυκόρταςPROPNN-S---MD-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing31 ἔχουσανoblhigh
37,,PUNCT__38 ξένῳpuncthigh
38ξένῳξένοςNOUNN-S---MD-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing40 ὄντιoblhighPredicative dative with ὄντι, referring to Lycor(t)as.
39μὲνμένPARTD--------_38 ξένῳadvmodhighCorrelative μέν with δέ at token 44.
40ὄντιεἰμίVERBV-S-PAPMD-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act31 ἔχουσανadvclhighCircumstantial participle agreeing with Λυκόρτᾳ.
41αὐτοῦαὐτόςPRONP-S---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs38 ξένῳnmodhighPossessive genitive: his guest.
42,,PUNCT__43 παροικοῦντιpuncthigh
43παροικοῦντιπαροικέωVERBV-S-PAPMD-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act40 ὄντιconjhighCoordinated participle, still agreeing with Λυκόρτᾳ.
44δὲδέCCONJC--------_43 παροικοῦντιcchigh
45ἐνἐνADPR--------_46 πόλειcasehigh
46πόλειπόλιςNOUNN-S---FD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing43 παροικοῦντιoblhigh
47ΦηγίᾳΦηγίαPROPNN-S---FD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing46 πόλειnmodhighAppositional place-name.
48,,PUNCT__49 πρὸpuncthigh
49πρὸπρόADPR--------_54 βασιλείαςcasehighTemporal πρό with genitive.
50δὲδέCCONJC--------_49 πρὸccmediumConnective embedded in the temporal phrase.
51τοῦὁDETP-S---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art52 Φηγέωςdethigh
52ΦηγέωςΦηγεύςPROPNN-S---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing54 βασιλείαςnmodhighGenitive dependent on βασιλεία or on the temporal phrase.
53τῆςὁDETP-S---FG-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art54 βασιλείαςdethigh
54βασιλείαςβασιλείαNOUNN-S---FG-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing49 πρὸoblmediumGenitive object of πρό: before the kingship/reign of Phēgeus.
55ἘρυμάνθῳἘρύμανθοςPROPNN-S---MD-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing56 καλουμένῃobllowDative name is syntactically difficult; possibly a locative/elliptic reference to a place called Erymanthus.
56καλουμένῃκαλέωVERBV-S-PMPFD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass46 πόλειacllowDative feminine participle; agreement appears elliptical or textually difficult against πόλει Φηγίᾳ.
57··PUNCT__6 ἐστὶνpuncthigh
Sentence 2

8.24.2 sentence 2

Tokens
24
Input
813
Output
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ἐπιτραφέντες δὲ αὐτόθι Ἐχέφρων καὶ Πρόμαχος Ἡρακλέους τε ὄντες καὶ τῆς γυναικὸς τῆς Σικανῆς μετέθεντο τῇ Φηγίᾳ τὸ ὄνομα Ψωφῖδα ἀπὸ τῆς μητρός.

Concessive/temporal participial clause: ἐπιτραφέντες αὐτόθι (‘having turned/come there’) with coordinated subjects Ἐχέφρων and Πρόμαχος; ὄντες introduces a predicative concessive description (‘being sons of Heracles and of the Sican woman’). μετέθεντο governs τῇ Φηγίᾳ as the recipient/goal and τὸ ὄνομα Ψωφῖδα as the renamed object/result; ἀπὸ τῆς μητρός indicates derivation from the mother.

advcl cc nsubj punct advcl obj nmod obl advmod conj nmod cc amod iobj case cc cc det det det det xcomp det root 1 ἐπιτραφέντες ἐπιτρέπω / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 αὐτόθι αὐτόθι / ADV 4 Ἐχέφρων Ἐχέφρων / PROPN 5 καὶ καί / CCONJ 6 Πρόμαχος Πρόμαχος / PROPN 7 Ἡρακλέους Ἡρακλῆς / PROPN 8 τε τε / CCONJ 9 ὄντες εἰμί / AUX 10 καὶ καί / CCONJ 11 τῆς ὁ / DET 12 γυναικὸς γυνή / NOUN 13 τῆς ὁ / DET 14 Σικανῆς Σικανός / ADJ 15 μετέθεντο μετατίθημι / VERB 16 τῇ ὁ / DET 17 Φηγίᾳ Φηγία / PROPN 18 τὸ ὁ / DET 19 ὄνομα ὄνομα / NOUN 20 Ψωφῖδα Ψώφις / PROPN 21 ἀπὸ ἀπό / ADP 22 τῆς ὁ / DET 23 μητρός μήτηρ / NOUN 24 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐπιτραφέντεςἐπιτρέπωVERBV-APP-NMPCase=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive15 μετέθεντοadvclmediumAorist passive participle; exact contextual sense may be ‘having turned’ or ‘having come over’.
2δὲδέCCONJG_15 μετέθεντοcchighPostpositive connective.
3αὐτόθιαὐτόθιADVDPronType=Dem1 ἐπιτραφέντεςadvmodhighLocative adverb, ‘there’.
4ἘχέφρωνἘχέφρωνPROPNN-NSMCase=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular15 μετέθεντοnsubjhighFirst coordinated personal name.
5καὶκαίCCONJC_6 ΠρόμαχοςcchighCoordinates the two names.
6ΠρόμαχοςΠρόμαχοςPROPNN-NSMCase=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular4 ἘχέφρωνconjhighSecond coordinated personal name.
7ἩρακλέουςἩρακλῆςPROPNN-GSMCase=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular9 ὄντεςnmodhighGenitive dependent on the understood relation in Ἡρακλέους ... ὄντες, ‘of Heracles’.
8τετεCCONJG_10 καὶcchighFirst member of correlative coordination.
9ὄντεςεἰμίAUXV-PAP-NMPCase=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Present|Voice=Active1 ἐπιτραφέντεςadvclmediumPresent participle, concessive or explanatory; its genitives are relational dependents.
10καὶκαίCCONJC_9 ὄντεςcchighCoordinates the two genitive complements/phrases.
11τῆςὁDETRA-GSFCase=Genitive|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular12 γυναικὸςdethighArticle modifying γυναικός.
12γυναικὸςγυνήNOUNN-GSFCase=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular9 ὄντεςnmodhighGenitive relational complement, ‘of the woman’.
13τῆςὁDETRA-GSFCase=Genitive|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular14 ΣικανῆςdethighArticle modifying Σικανῆς.
14ΣικανῆςΣικανόςADJA-GSFCase=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular12 γυναικὸςamodhighEthnic adjective agreeing with γυναικός.
15μετέθεντομετατίθημιVERBV-AIM-3PMood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle0 ROOTroothighMain verb, middle voice ‘renamed/changed’.
16τῇὁDETRA-DSFCase=Dative|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular17 ΦηγίᾳdethighArticle modifying Φηγίᾳ.
17ΦηγίᾳΦηγίαPROPNN-DSFCase=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular15 μετέθεντοiobjhighDative recipient/goal of the renaming.
18τὸὁDETRA-NSNCase=Nominative|Definite=Def|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular19 ὄνομαdethighArticle modifying ὄνομα.
19ὄνομαὄνομαNOUNN-NSNCase=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular15 μετέθεντοobjmediumNaming object; nominative form is retained in the predicative naming construction.
20ΨωφῖδαΨώφιςPROPNN-ASMCase=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular19 ὄνομαxcompmediumAccusative name predicated in the renaming construction.
21ἀπὸἀπόADPR_23 μητρόςcasehighPreposition governing the genitive.
22τῆςὁDETRA-GSFCase=Genitive|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular23 μητρόςdethighArticle modifying μητρός.
23μητρόςμήτηρNOUNN-GSFCase=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular20 ΨωφῖδαoblhighSource/origin phrase, ‘from the mother’; semantically modifies the name.
24..PUNCT__15 μετέθεντοpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
← 8.24.18.24.3 →