Grammar parses for passage 8.25.10
Open translation for this passage
δύναιτο δʼ ἂν καὶ ἀναφύντι ἐκ γῆς τῷ ἵππῳ ἐκ θεοῦ τε εἶναι τὸ γένος καὶ αἱ τρίχες οἱ τὴν χρόαν ἐοικέναι κυανῷ.
The transmitted sequence after τρίχες is syntactically irregular: οἱ and the case of κυανῷ appear mismatched; the analysis preserves the supplied tokens and treats the final infinitive as coordinated with εἶναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δύναιτο | δύναμαι | VERB | V-PEM-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 13 εἶναι | aux | high | Potential optative with ἄν. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 δύναιτο | cc | high | Elided form of δέ. |
| 3 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 1 δύναιτο | advmod | high | Modal particle governing the potential optative. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 δύναιτο | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί, 'also'. |
| 5 | ἀναφύντι | ἀναφύω | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἵππῳ | advcl | medium | Dative singular participle, agreeing with τῷ ἵππῳ; temporal/circumstantial. |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 γῆς | case | high | |
| 7 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀναφύντι | obl | high | |
| 8 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἵππῳ | det | high | |
| 9 | ἵππῳ | ἵππος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 εἶναι | obl | medium | Dative of respect/association: 'for the horse'. |
| 10 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 θεοῦ | case | high | |
| 11 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 εἶναι | obl | high | Source/origin with εἶναι. |
| 12 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 εἶναι | cc | high | Coordinates the first infinitival complement with the following one. |
| 13 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 δύναιτο | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of δύναμαι. |
| 14 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 γένος | det | high | |
| 15 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Subject of εἶναι. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἐοικέναι | cc | medium | Coordinates the second infinitival complement. |
| 17 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 τρίχες | det | high | |
| 18 | τρίχες | θρίξ | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 ἐοικέναι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐοικέναι. |
| 19 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 τὴν | det | low | Likely corrupted/agreement-mismatched relative or article form; syntactically linked to τὴν χρόαν. |
| 20 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 χρόαν | det | high | |
| 21 | χρόαν | χρόα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἐοικέναι | obl | medium | Accusative of respect with ἐοικέναι. |
| 22 | ἐοικέναι | ἔοικα | VERB | V-RAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 δύναιτο | xcomp | high | Coordinated infinitival complement; perfect form with present-like meaning. |
| 23 | κυανῷ | κύανος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐοικέναι | obl | medium | Dative complement of ἔοικα; expected agreement is difficult with accusative χρόαν. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 δύναιτο | punct | high |
λέγεται δὲ καὶ τοιάδε, Ἡρακλέα πολεμοῦντα Ἠλείοις αἰτῆσαι παρʼ Ὄγκου τὸν ἵππον καὶ ἑλεῖν τὴν Ἦλιν ἐπὶ τῷ Ἀρείονι ὀχούμενον ἐς τὰς μάχας, δοθῆναι δὲ ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους ὕστερον Ἀδράστῳ τὸν ἵππον.
λέγεται introduces reported speech with coordinated infinitives αἰτῆσαι and δοθῆναι; ὀχούμενον is an accusative participle referring to Ἡρακλέα and describes riding Arion into the battles.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-3S-PAS-PRS-IND | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 τοιάδε | advmod | high | |
| 4 | τοιάδε | τοιόσδε | PRON | PD-NPN-ACC-PL | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 1 λέγεται | nsubj:pass | medium | Neuter plural demonstrative substantivized as the content of λέγεται. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high | |
| 6 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-ACC-M-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 9 αἰτῆσαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive αἰτῆσαι. |
| 7 | πολεμοῦντα | πολεμέω | VERB | V-PAP-ACC-M-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 Ἡρακλέα | advcl | high | Concordant participle describing Heracles. |
| 8 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N-DAT-M-PL | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|NameType=Nat|Number=Plur | 7 πολεμοῦντα | obl | high | Dative opponent with πολεμοῦντα. |
| 9 | αἰτῆσαι | αἰτέω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Ind|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 λέγεται | ccomp | high | Infinitive in reported speech. |
| 10 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 Ὄγκου | case | high | |
| 11 | Ὄγκου | Ὄγκος | PROPN | N-GEN-M-SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 9 αἰτῆσαι | obl | high | παρά with genitive, source/person from whom the horse is requested. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ACC-M-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ἵππον | det | high | |
| 13 | ἵππον | ἵππος | NOUN | N-ACC-M-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 αἰτῆσαι | obj | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἑλεῖν | cc | high | |
| 15 | ἑλεῖν | αἱρέω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Ind|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 αἰτῆσαι | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive under reported speech. |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ACC-F-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 Ἦλιν | det | high | |
| 17 | Ἦλιν | Ἦλις | PROPN | N-ACC-F-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NameType=Geo|Number=Sing | 15 ἑλεῖν | obj | high | |
| 18 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 τῷ | case | high | |
| 19 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DAT-M-SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 Ἀρείονι | det | high | |
| 20 | Ἀρείονι | Ἀρείων | PROPN | N-DAT-M-SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 21 ὀχούμενον | obl | high | Dative object of ἐπί; the horse is Arion. |
| 21 | ὀχούμενον | ὀχέομαι | VERB | V-PMP-ACC-M-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 15 ἑλεῖν | advcl | high | Participial circumstance: taking Elis while riding Arion. |
| 22 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 μάχας | case | high | |
| 23 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-ACC-F-PL | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 24 μάχας | det | high | |
| 24 | μάχας | μάχη | NOUN | N-ACC-F-PL | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ὀχούμενον | obl | high | Destination/purpose phrase with ὀχούμενον. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἑλεῖν | punct | high | |
| 26 | δοθῆναι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-APN | Mood=Ind|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 1 λέγεται | ccomp | high | Passive infinitive coordinated with αἰτῆσαι in reported speech. |
| 27 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 δοθῆναι | cc | high | |
| 28 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 29 Ἡρακλέους | case | high | |
| 29 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-GEN-M-SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 26 δοθῆναι | obl:agent | high | |
| 30 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | ADV | _ | 26 δοθῆναι | advmod | high | |
| 31 | Ἀδράστῳ | Ἄδραστος | PROPN | N-DAT-M-SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 26 δοθῆναι | iobj | high | |
| 32 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ACC-M-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 ἵππον | det | high | |
| 33 | ἵππον | ἵππος | NOUN | N-ACC-M-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 δοθῆναι | obj | high | |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high |
ἐπὶ τούτῳ δὲ ἐς τὸν Ἀρείονα ἐποίησεν Ἀντίμαχος ὅς ῥά ποτʼ Ἀδρήστῳ τριτάτῳ δέδμηθʼ ὑπʼ ἄνακτι.
The relative clause ὅς ... δέδμηθʼ is most naturally the agentive/attributive specification of the horse Areion: ‘whom/which Antimachus made for Areion, who once had been tamed by Adrastus as a third (i.e. third in succession/status).’ The construction and antecedent of ὅς are somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R- | _ | 7 ἐποίησεν | case | high | Preposition governing the dative demonstrative. |
| 2 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | PD-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐποίησεν | obl | high | Dative of occasion/reference with ἐπί. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἐποίησεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 6 Ἀρείονα | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | P-S--MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀρείονα | det | high | Article with the proper name. |
| 6 | Ἀρείονα | Ἀρείων | PROPN | N-S--MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐποίησεν | obl | high | Proper name governed by ἐς; likely the recipient/goal of ἐποίησεν. |
| 7 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist active indicative. |
| 8 | Ἀντίμαχος | Ἀντίμαχος | PROPN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | Proper-name subject. |
| 9 | ὅς | ὅς | PRON | P-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 δέδμηθʼ | nsubj | low | Relative pronoun; antecedent and exact syntactic linkage are uncertain, but nominative masculine singular suits the implied subject of δέδμηθʼ. |
| 10 | ῥά | ῥά | PART | X-------- | _ | 14 δέδμηθʼ | advmod | medium | Enclitic asseverative/transition particle. |
| 11 | ποτʼ | ποτε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 δέδμηθʼ | advmod | high | Temporal adverb ‘once’. |
| 12 | Ἀδρήστῳ | Ἄδραστος | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 δέδμηθʼ | obl:agent | medium | Dative agent with the perfect passive verb. |
| 13 | τριτάτῳ | τρίτατος | ADJ | A-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 δέδμηθʼ | obl | low | Rare superlative/ordinal-like form; probably agrees with an understood dative referent or has an adverbial ‘third’ sense; exact syntax uncertain. |
| 14 | δέδμηθʼ | δαμάζω | VERB | V-RPI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 7 ἐποίησεν | acl:relcl | medium | Perfect passive indicative, contracted/apocopated spelling; relative-clause predicate. |
| 15 | ὑπʼ | ὑπό | ADP | R- | _ | 16 ἄνακτι | case | high | Preposition governing the dative in the agent phrase. |
| 16 | ἄνακτι | ἄναξ | NOUN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 δέδμηθʼ | obl:agent | high | Dative with ὑπό, marking the agent of taming. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |