Grammar parses for passage 8.28.1
Open translation for this passage
ἰόντι δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ τῶν πηγῶν, πρῶτα μέν σε ἐκδέξεται Μάραθα χωρίον, μετὰ δὲ αὐτὸ Γόρτυς κώμη τὰ ἐπʼ ἐμοῦ, τὰ δὲ ἔτι ἀρχαιότερα πόλις.
The sentence is compressed: Μάραθα χωρίον, Γόρτυς κώμη, and πόλις are coordinated place identifications under ἐκδέξεται; the neuter substantives τὰ ἐπʼ ἐμοῦ / τὰ ἔτι ἀρχαιότερα are elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἰόντι | εἶμι | VERB | PAPMSD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ἐκδέξεται | advcl | medium | Dative present participle, understood with an implicit traveler; temporal/circumstantial. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐκδέξεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ποταμοῦ | case | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | TGSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ποταμοῦ | det | high | |
| 5 | ποταμοῦ | ποταμός | NOUN | NGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἰόντι | obl | high | |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | TGFPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 πηγῶν | det | high | |
| 7 | πηγῶν | πηγή | NOUN | NGFP | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ποταμοῦ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ποταμοῦ: river of the springs. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἰόντι | punct | high | |
| 9 | πρῶτα | πρῶτος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 ἐκδέξεται | advmod | high | Adverbial neuter plural form, 'first'. |
| 10 | μέν | μέν | PART | PTCL | _ | 12 ἐκδέξεται | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with following δέ. |
| 11 | σε | σύ | PRON | RP2AS | Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs | 12 ἐκδέξεται | obj | high | |
| 12 | ἐκδέξεται | ἐκδέχομαι | VERB | FMI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | Μάραθα | Μάραθα | PROPN | NEU | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 χωρίον | compound | medium | Place name modifying χωρίον. |
| 14 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | NNSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐκδέξεται | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 χωρίον | punct | high | |
| 16 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 αὐτὸ | case | high | Here μετὰ with accusative means 'after'. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 Γόρτυς | cc | high | |
| 18 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | RP3ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 19 Γόρτυς | obl | high | Accusative temporal/sequence phrase with μετά, referring to the first place. |
| 19 | Γόρτυς | Γόρτυς | PROPN | NEU | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 κώμη | compound | medium | Place name modifying κώμη; form is indeclinable/ambiguous in gender. |
| 20 | κώμη | κώμη | NOUN | NNSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐκδέξεται | conj | high | Second coordinated nominative subject/predicate-like place expression. |
| 21 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | TAPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 ἐπʼ | obj | medium | Article substantivizing the following prepositional phrase: τα ἐπʼ ἐμοῦ. |
| 22 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 23 ἐμοῦ | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 23 | ἐμοῦ | ἐγώ | PRON | RP1G | Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 21 τὰ | nmod | high | |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 κώμη | punct | high | |
| 25 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | TAPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 ἀρχαιότερα | advmod | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, 'those [existing]'; syntax compressed. |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 πόλις | cc | high | |
| 27 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 28 ἀρχαιότερα | advmod | high | |
| 28 | ἀρχαιότερα | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | AASPN | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 29 πόλις | amod | medium | Neuter plural comparative, substantivized; agreement is irregular/compressed against πόλις. |
| 29 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | NNSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 κώμη | conj | medium | Appositional continuation: older foundation was a city; source syntax is elliptical. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐκδέξεται | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ αὐτόθι ναὸς Ἀσκληπιοῦ λίθου Πεντελησίου, καὶ αὐτός τε οὐκ ἔχων πω γένεια καὶ Ὑγείας ἄγαλμα· Σκόπα δὲ ἦν ἔργα.
The sentence has an existential clause with ναός as subject; λίθου Πεντελησίου is a genitive material/specification phrase. The coordinated phrase καὶ αὐτός ... καὶ Ὑγείας ἄγαλμα is elliptical, with ἄγαλμα coordinated to ναός and αὐτός referring to Asclepius. The final Σκόπα δὲ ἦν ἔργα means that the works were by Scopas; ἔργα is a plural predicate nominative with copular ἦν, whose singular form reflects an understood collective subject or textual/syntactic irregularity.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ναὸς | cop | high | Existential present; functions as copula with ναός. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτόθι | αὐτόθι | ADV | ADV | PronType=Dem | 1 ἔστι | advmod | high | Locative adverb, 'there'. |
| 4 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential subject. |
| 5 | Ἀσκληπιοῦ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ναὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναός. |
| 6 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ναὸς | nmod | medium | Material/specification genitive, 'of stone'. |
| 7 | Πεντελησίου | Πεντελήσιος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 λίθου | amod | high | Adjective agreeing with λίθου. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ναὸς | punct | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 αὐτός | cc | high | Coordinates the following elliptical phrase. |
| 10 | αὐτός | αὐτός | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 18 ἄγαλμα | conj | medium | Emphatic pronoun, referring to Asclepius; coordinated elliptical subject/predicate phrase. |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 αὐτός | cc | high | Correlative coordinator. |
| 12 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | Q л | Polarity=Neg | 13 ἔχων | advmod | high | Negates the participle. |
| 13 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V-PPA-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 αὐτός | acl | high | Supplementary participle modifying αὐτός. |
| 14 | πω | πω | ADV | ADV | _ | 13 ἔχων | advmod | high | Temporal adverb, 'yet'. |
| 15 | γένεια | γένειον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἔχων | obj | high | Object of ἔχων. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | Coordinates the statue phrase. |
| 17 | Ὑγείας | Ὑγεία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄγαλμα. |
| 18 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ναὸς | conj | medium | Coordinated with ναός; nominal phrase is syntactically elliptical. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ναὸς | punct | high | |
| 20 | Σκόπα | Σκόπας | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἔργα | nmod | medium | Genitive of authorship, 'by Scopas'; form is genitive despite the supplied lemma's nominative form. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 22 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 23 ἔργα | cop | medium | Imperfect copula; number is singular with plural ἔργα, likely reflecting an elliptical or irregular construction. |
| 23 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Predicate nominative/nominal predicate of the second clause; coordinated discourse continuation from the first clause. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἔργα | punct | high |
λέγουσι δὲ οἱ ἐπιχώριοι καὶ τάδε, ὡς Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Φιλίππου τὸν θώρακα καὶ δόρυ ἀναθείη τῷ Ἀσκληπιῷ· καὶ ἐς ἐμέ γε ἔτι ὁ θώραξ καὶ τοῦ δόρατος ἦν ἡ αἰχμή.
The first clause reports a content proposition with ὡς: Alexander is the subject of ἀναθείη, and τὸν θώρακα καὶ δόρυ are coordinated objects. The final clause is elliptical/locative in sense: the breastplate and the spear-point were still visible to me; τοῦ δόρατος depends partitively on ἡ αἰχμή.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐπιχώριοι | det | high | |
| 4 | ἐπιχώριοι | ἐπιχώριος | NOUN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 τάδε | cc | high | |
| 6 | τάδε | ὅδε | PRON | D-NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 λέγουσι | obj | high | Substantivized demonstrative, 'these things'. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 τάδε | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | mark | high | Introduces reported content. |
| 9 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀναθείη | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Φιλίππου | det | high | |
| 11 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ἀλέξανδρος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive, 'son of Philip'. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 θώρακα | det | high | |
| 13 | θώρακα | θώραξ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀναθείη | obj | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 δόρυ | cc | high | |
| 15 | δόρυ | δόρυ | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 θώρακα | conj | high | Coordinated object; article omitted. |
| 16 | ἀναθείη | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-2AAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ὡς | ccomp | high | Aorist optative in reported speech. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Ἀσκληπιῷ | det | high | |
| 18 | Ἀσκληπιῷ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀναθείη | iobj | high | |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 30 ἦν | cc | high | Coordinates the following clause. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 ἐμέ | case | high | |
| 22 | ἐμέ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 30 ἦν | obl | high | Prepositional phrase, 'for/to me'. |
| 23 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 22 ἐμέ | advmod | high | Restrictive/emphatic particle. |
| 24 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 30 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 25 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 θώραξ | det | high | |
| 26 | θώραξ | θώραξ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 32 αἰχμή | cc | high | |
| 28 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 δόρατος | det | high | |
| 29 | δόρατος | δόρυ | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 αἰχμή | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with αἰχμή; καί coordinates the two nominal predicates/subjects. |
| 30 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 1 λέγουσι | conj | medium | Elliptical clause; understood relation is 'was/still existed'. |
| 31 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 αἰχμή | det | high | |
| 32 | αἰχμή | αἰχμή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 ἦν | conj | medium | Coordinated nominative with θώραξ in an elliptical existential/predicative clause. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 30 ἦν | punct | high |