Grammar parses for passage 8.28.1
Open translation for this passage
ἰόντι δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ τῶν πηγῶν, πρῶτα μέν σε ἐκδέξεται Μάραθα χωρίον, μετὰ δὲ αὐτὸ Γόρτυς κώμη τὰ ἐπʼ ἐμοῦ, τὰ δὲ ἔτι ἀρχαιότερα πόλις.
The syntax is a list-like itinerary with an initial genitive absolute/circumstantial participle; the later nominative place labels are partly elliptical, so some attachment choices are necessarily approximate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἰόντι | εἶμι | VERB | PAP-DSM | Aspect=Imperfective|Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 12 ἐκδέξεται | advcl | high | Attributive participle introducing a temporal/circumstantial clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἐκδέξεται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ποταμοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA--SGM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 5 ποταμοῦ | det | high | Article modifying ποταμοῦ. |
| 5 | ποταμοῦ | ποταμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 ἰόντι | obl | high | Object of ἀπό. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA--PGF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 7 πηγῶν | det | high | Article modifying πηγῶν. |
| 7 | πηγῶν | πηγή | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 5 ποταμοῦ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ποταμοῦ, likely partitive/attributive. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐκδέξεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | πρῶτα | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-APNN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 12 ἐκδέξεται | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial/ellipsis use 'first'. |
| 10 | μέν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἐκδέξεται | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 11 | σε | σύ | PRON | P-2AS | Case=Accusative|Number=Singular|Person=2|PronType=Prs | 12 ἐκδέξεται | obj | high | Direct object of ἐκδέξεται. |
| 12 | ἐκδέξεται | ἐκδέχομαι | VERB | V-FMI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Future|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 13 | Μάραθα | Μάραθα | PROPN | N-SFN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 14 χωρίον | nmod | medium | Likely appositional/name modifier of χωρίον. |
| 14 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 12 ἐκδέξεται | obj | medium | Likely predicate/object complement naming the place. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐκδέξεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | _ | _ | 19 Γόρτυς | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative here. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 19 Γόρτυς | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 18 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | A-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 19 Γόρτυς | obl | medium | Likely refers back to the previous place; case may be affected by elision/ellipsis. |
| 19 | Γόρτυς | Γόρτυς | PROPN | N-SFN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 12 ἐκδέξεται | conj | medium | Coordinate item in the list; form may function appositionally despite nominative. |
| 20 | κώμη | κώμη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 19 Γόρτυς | appos | high | Apposition to Γόρτυς. |
| 21 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA--APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 28 ἀρχαιότερα | det | high | Article with implied noun/nominalized adjective. |
| 22 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 23 ἐμοῦ | case | high | Preposition before genitive. |
| 23 | ἐμοῦ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1GS | Case=Genitive|Number=Singular|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 28 ἀρχαιότερα | obl | high | Object of ἐπί. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐκδέξεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 25 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA--APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 28 ἀρχαιότερα | det | high | Article with adjective used substantively. |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 28 ἀρχαιότερα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 27 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | _ | _ | 28 ἀρχαιότερα | advmod | high | Degree/time adverb modifying ἀρχαιότερα. |
| 28 | ἀρχαιότερα | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-APNC | Case=Accusative|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 29 πόλις | amod | high | Substantivized comparative adjective modifying πόλις. |
| 29 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 12 ἐκδέξεται | conj | medium | Final coordinated nominal statement; nominative likely predicative/elliptical. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐκδέξεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἔστι δὲ αὐτόθι ναὸς Ἀσκληπιοῦ λίθου Πεντελησίου, καὶ αὐτός τε οὐκ ἔχων πω γένεια καὶ Ὑγείας ἄγαλμα· Σκόπα δὲ ἦν ἔργα.
The final clause is elliptical/gnomic; Σκόπα is likely meant as the genitival possessor of ἔργα, but the transmitted form is accusative, so the syntactic analysis is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main existential verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτόθι | αὐτόθι | ADV | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | advmod | high | Locative adverb modifying ἔστι. |
| 4 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of existential verb. |
| 5 | Ἀσκληπιοῦ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ναὸς | nmod | high | Possessive/genitive modifier of ναός. |
| 6 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ναὸς | nmod | medium | Material genitive modifying ναός. |
| 7 | Πεντελησίου | Πεντελήσιος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 λίθου | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of λίθου. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 10 αὐτός | cc | high | Connects coordinated participial phrase. |
| 10 | αὐτός | αὐτός | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | conj | high | Coordinated with ναός as an appositive/parallel subject-like nominal. |
| 11 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 10 αὐτός | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 12 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 13 ἔχων | advmod | high | Negation of participle. |
| 13 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V-PPP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 αὐτός | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying αὐτός. |
| 14 | πω | πω | PART | _ | _ | 13 ἔχων | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχων. |
| 15 | γένεια | γένειον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἔχων | obj | high | Object of ἔχων; form is plural neuter accusative. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | Coordinates with the preceding participial clause. |
| 17 | Ὑγείας | Ὑγεία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄγαλμα. |
| 18 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 αὐτός | conj | high | Coordinated nominal phrase with αὐτός. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | Σκόπα | Σκόπας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἔργα | nsubj | low | Likely intended as genitive/possessive in meaning, but form is accusative singular; kept as token appears. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 22 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 22 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 23 ἔργα | cop | medium | Copular verb; analysis of predicate relation is somewhat uncertain. |
| 23 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate nominal, likely 'works' (i.e. his works). |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἔργα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
λέγουσι δὲ οἱ ἐπιχώριοι καὶ τάδε, ὡς Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Φιλίππου τὸν θώρακα καὶ δόρυ ἀναθείη τῷ Ἀσκληπιῷ· καὶ ἐς ἐμέ γε ἔτι ὁ θώραξ καὶ τοῦ δόρατος ἦν ἡ αἰχμή.
Two clauses: the first is a report with indirect statement introduced by ὡς; the second has a coordinated subject structure with an implied possessive/partitive genitive phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the report clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐπιχώριοι | det | high | Article with substantive adjective. |
| 4 | ἐπιχώριοι | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | Subject of λέγουσι. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἐπιχώριοι | cc | high | Coordinates with preceding subject phrase. |
| 6 | τάδε | ὅδε | PRON | PD-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 λέγουσι | obj | high | Internal object/complement of λέγουσι. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 16 ἀναθείη | mark | high | Introduces indirect statement. |
| 9 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀναθείη | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀναθείη. |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Φιλίππου | det | high | Article with genitive proper name. |
| 11 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ἀλέξανδρος | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of Ἀλέξανδρος. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 θώρακα | det | high | Article modifying θώρακα. |
| 13 | θώρακα | θώραξ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀναθείη | obj | high | First object of ἀναθείη. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 13 θώρακα | cc | high | Coordinates the two objects. |
| 15 | δόρυ | δόρυ | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 θώρακα | conj | high | Second coordinated object of ἀναθείη. |
| 16 | ἀναθείη | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-IAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ὡς | ccomp | high | Optative in indirect discourse. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Ἀσκληπιῷ | det | high | Article with dative proper name. |
| 18 | Ἀσκληπιῷ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀναθείη | iobj | high | Dative recipient. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 30 ἦν | cc | high | Coordinates the second main clause. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 22 ἐμέ | case | high | Preposition governing ἐμέ. |
| 22 | ἐμέ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1AS | Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 30 ἦν | obl | high | Oblique complement of ἦν. |
| 23 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 22 ἐμέ | discourse | high | Enclitic emphasizing ἐμέ. |
| 24 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D | _ | 30 ἦν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying ἦν. |
| 25 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 θώραξ | det | high | Article with θώραξ. |
| 26 | θώραξ | θώραξ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 26 θώραξ | cc | high | Coordinates with θώραξ. |
| 28 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 δόρατος | det | high | Article with genitive noun. |
| 29 | δόρατος | δόρυ | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 θώραξ | nmod | high | Genitive modifier, likely partitive/possessive. |
| 30 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of second clause. |
| 31 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 αἰχμή | det | high | Article with αἰχμή. |
| 32 | αἰχμή | αἰχμή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 ἦν | nsubj | high | Second predicate subject coordinated with θώραξ. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |