Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 8.29.4

← 8.29.3 8.29.5 →

Passage 8.29.4

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3sentences parsed

113Greek tokens

2,782input tokens

8,007output tokens

Sentence 1

8.29.4 sentence 1

Tokens: 35
Input: 887
Output: 2,539
Total: 3,426

ἀναξηρανθέντος δὲ τοῦ ἀρχαίου ῥεύματος, κεραμεᾶ τε ἐν αὐτῷ σορὸς πλέον ἢ ἑνός τε καὶ δέκα εὑρέθη πηχῶν καὶ ὁ νεκρὸς μέγεθός τε ἦν κατὰ τὴν σορὸν καὶ ἄνθρωπος διὰ παντὸς τοῦ σώματος.

The genitive absolute sets the temporal background. The main predicate is εὑρέθη with κεραμεᾶ σορὸς as subject; ἦν coordinates a further description of the corpse. The phrase πλέον ἢ ἑνός τε καὶ δέκα modifies the measure πηχῶν, with ἑνός agreeing substantivally with πηχυῶν/πηχῶν understood; κεραμεᾶ is an adjectival form meaning ‘ceramic/clay’.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀναξηρανθέντος	ἀναξηραίνω	VERB	V--APP-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	5 ῥεύματος	acl	high	Aorist passive participle in the genitive absolute.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	18 εὑρέθη	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 ῥεύματος	det	high	Article in the genitive absolute.
4	ἀρχαίου	ἀρχαῖος	ADJ	A-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 ῥεύματος	amod	high	Modifies ῥεύματος.
5	ῥεύματος	ῥεῦμα	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	18 εὑρέθη	obl	high	Genitive absolute subject.
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	18 εὑρέθη	punct	high
7	κεραμεᾶ	κεράμειος	ADJ	A-NFS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 σορὸς	amod	medium	Adjectival form ‘ceramic/clay’; spelling and inflection are somewhat irregular.
8	τε	τε	CCONJ	C--------	_	11 σορὸς	cc	high	First member of a τε...τε coordination.
9	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	10 αὐτῷ	case	high
10	αὐτῷ	αὐτός	PRON	P-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	11 σορὸς	obl	high	Refers to the dried stream/channel.
11	σορὸς	σορός	NOUN	N-NFS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 εὑρέθη	nsubj	high	Subject of εὑρέθη.
12	πλέον	πολύς	ADJ	A-NSN	Case=Nom\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	14 ἑνός	advmod	medium	Comparative quantifier in an elliptical measure expression.
13	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	C--------	_	14 ἑνός	cc	high	Introduces the comparison/alternative in πλέον ἢ.
14	ἑνός	εἷς	NUM	M-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|NumType=Card\|Number=Sing	19 πηχῶν	nummod	medium	Substantival ‘one’, with a measure noun understood.
15	τε	τε	CCONJ	C--------	_	17 δέκα	cc	high	Coordinates ἕνός and δέκα.
16	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	17 δέκα	cc	high	Coordinates ἕνός and δέκα within the numeral phrase.
17	δέκα	δέκα	NUM	M----	NumType=Card	14 ἑνός	conj	high	Numeral coordinated with ἑνός, yielding eleven.
18	εὑρέθη	εὑρίσκω	VERB	V-API-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	high	Main predicate.
19	πηχῶν	πῆχυς	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 σορὸς	nmod	high	Genitive of measure modifying the sarcophagus/its size.
20	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	25 ἦν	cc	high	Coordinates the second finite predicate.
21	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	22 νεκρὸς	det	high
22	νεκρὸς	νεκρός	NOUN	N-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 ἦν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἦν.
23	μέγεθός	μέγεθος	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	25 ἦν	obl	high	Predicative/measure expression with ἦν; accent reflects following τε.
24	τε	τε	CCONJ	C--------	_	23 μέγεθός	cc	high	Coordinates the two predicates/attributes μέγεθος and ἄνθρωπος.
25	ἦν	εἰμί	AUX	V-IXI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	18 εὑρέθη	conj	high	Second coordinated finite predicate.
26	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	R--------	_	28 σορὸν	case	high	With accusative, ‘along/in proportion to’.
27	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-AFS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	28 σορὸν	det	high
28	σορὸν	σορός	NOUN	N-AFS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 μέγεθός	obl	high	Object of κατά in the measure comparison.
29	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	30 ἄνθρωπος	cc	high	Coordinates ἄνθρωπος with the preceding nominal description.
30	ἄνθρωπος	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 ἦν	conj	high	Predicate nominative with ἦν.
31	διὰ	διά	ADP	R--------	_	34 σώματος	case	high	With genitive, ‘throughout’.
32	παντὸς	πᾶς	ADJ	A-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	34 σώματος	amod	high	Modifies σώματος.
33	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	34 σώματος	det	high
34	σώματος	σῶμα	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	30 ἄνθρωπος	obl	high	Genitive complement of διά.
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	18 εὑρέθη	punct	high

Sentence 2

8.29.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 27
Input: 811
Output: 1,945
Total: 2,756

τοῦτον τὸν νεκρὸν ὁ ἐν Κλάρῳ ὁ θεός, ἀφικομένων ἐπὶ τὸ χρηστήριον τῶν Σύρων, εἶπεν Ὀρόντην εἶναι, γένους δὲ αὐτὸν εἶναι τοῦ Ἰνδῶν.

The sentence has a genitive absolute (ἀφικομένων ... τῶν Σύρων) and two coordinated accusative-and-infinitive complements of εἶπεν; the second states descent/origin with γένους.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τοῦτον	οὗτος	PRON	PD-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	3 νεκρὸν	det	high
2	τὸν	ὁ	DET	DA-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	3 νεκρὸν	det	high
3	νεκρὸν	νεκρός	NOUN	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 εἶπεν	obj	high	Subject of the infinitival identification construction; attached as object of εἶπεν in UD-style analysis.
4	ὁ	ὁ	DET	DA-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 θεός	det	high
5	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	P	_	6 Κλάρῳ	case	high
6	Κλάρῳ	Κλάρος	PROPN	NPN-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 θεός	nmod	high	Place name governed by ἐν.
7	ὁ	ὁ	DET	DA-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 θεός	det	high
8	θεός	θεός	NOUN	N-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 εἶπεν	nsubj	high	Subject of εἶπεν.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	17 εἶπεν	punct	high
10	ἀφικομένων	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V-PAP-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	17 εἶπεν	advcl	high	Genitive absolute, with Σύρων as its understood/associated genitive subject.
11	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	P	_	13 χρηστήριον	case	high
12	τὸ	ὁ	DET	DA-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	13 χρηστήριον	det	high
13	χρηστήριον	χρηστήριον	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 ἀφικομένων	obl	high	Destination/goal with ἐπί.
14	τῶν	ὁ	DET	DG-PM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	15 Σύρων	det	high
15	Σύρων	Σύρος	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 χρηστήριον	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on χρηστήριον; also supplies the genitive-absolute subject.
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	17 εἶπεν	punct	high
17	εἶπεν	λέγω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
18	Ὀρόντην	Ὀρόντης	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 εἶναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of εἶναι.
19	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	17 εἶπεν	ccomp	high	First accusative-and-infinitive complement of εἶπεν.
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	17 εἶπεν	punct	high
21	γένους	γένος	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	24 εἶναι	obl	high	Genitive of origin/descent with εἶναι.
22	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	24 εἶναι	cc	high
23	αὐτὸν	αὐτός	PRON	P-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	24 εἶναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the second εἶναι; coreferential with the dead man.
24	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	17 εἶπεν	conj	high	Second coordinated infinitival complement of εἶπεν.
25	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	DG-PM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	26 Ἰνδῶν	det	high
26	Ἰνδῶν	Ἰνδός	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 γένους	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on γένους: belonging to the Indians' race/stock.
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	17 εἶπεν	punct	high

Sentence 3

8.29.4 sentence 3

Tokens: 51
Input: 1,084
Output: 3,523
Total: 4,607

εἰ δὲ τὴν γῆν τὸ ἀρχαῖον οὖσαν ὑγρὰν ἔτι καὶ ἀνάπλεων νοτίδος θερμαίνων ὁ ἥλιος τοὺς πρώτους ἐποίησεν ἀνθρώπους, ποίαν εἰκός ἐστιν ἄλλην χώραν ἢ προτέραν τῆς Ἰνδῶν ἢ μείζονας ἀνεῖναι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, ἥ γε καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι καὶ ὄψεως τῷ παραλόγῳ καὶ μεγέθει διάφορα ἐκτρέφει θηρία;

The sentence contrasts a conditional account of the sun making the first humans with an elliptical impersonal εἰκός ἐστιν construction; χώραν is understood with the coordinated comparatives, and the relative clause modifies the implied/explicit country.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	εἰ	εἰ	SCONJ	CONJ	_	18 ἐποίησεν	mark	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	18 ἐποίησεν	cc	high
3	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 γῆν	det	high
4	γῆν	γῆ	NOUN	N----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 οὖσαν	xcomp	medium	Subject accusative of οὖσαν.
5	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T----NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἀρχαῖον	det	high
6	ἀρχαῖον	ἀρχαῖος	ADJ	A----NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	7 οὖσαν	advmod	medium	Adverbial accusative/neuter expression, ‘in ancient times’.
7	οὖσαν	εἰμί	AUX	V--PAP-ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	18 ἐποίησεν	advcl	high
8	ὑγρὰν	ὑγρός	ADJ	A----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 οὖσαν	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective with οὖσαν.
9	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	ADV	_	11 ἀνάπλεων	advmod	high
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 ἀνάπλεων	cc	high
11	ἀνάπλεων	ἀνάπλεως	ADJ	A----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 οὖσαν	xcomp	high	Second predicate adjective with οὖσαν.
12	νοτίδος	νοτίς	NOUN	N----GSF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 ἀνάπλεων	nmod	high
13	θερμαίνων	θερμαίνω	VERB	V- PAP-N SM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	18 ἐποίησεν	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle with subject ὁ ἥλιος.
14	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T----NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ἥλιος	det	high
15	ἥλιος	ἥλιος	NOUN	N----NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 θερμαίνων	nsubj	high
16	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T----APM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 πρώτους	det	high
17	πρώτους	πρῶτος	ADJ	A----APM-	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 ἀνθρώπους	amod	high	Substantivized adjective.
18	ἐποίησεν	ποιέω	VERB	V- AAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
19	ἀνθρώπους	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N----APM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	18 ἐποίησεν	obj	high
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	18 ἐποίησεν	punct	high
21	ποίαν	ποῖος	ADJ	A----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 χώραν	amod	high
22	εἰκός	εἰκός	ADJ	A----NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	32 ἀνεῖναι	parataxis	medium	Impersonal expression, ‘it is likely/appropriate’.
23	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V- PAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	22 εἰκός	cop	high
24	ἄλλην	ἄλλος	ADJ	A----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 χώραν	amod	high
25	χώραν	χώρα	NOUN	N----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	32 ἀνεῖναι	obj	medium	Accusative subject/object-like complement of ἀνεῖναι in impersonal construction.
26	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	27 προτέραν	cc	high
27	προτέραν	πρότερος	ADJ	A----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 χώραν	conj	high	Elliptical χώραν.
28	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T----GPF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	29 Ἰνδῶν	det	high
29	Ἰνδῶν	Ἰνδοί	PROPN	N----GPF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	27 προτέραν	nmod	medium	Ethnic name in genitive plural.
30	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	31 μείζονας	cc	high
31	μείζονας	μέγας	ADJ	A----APM-	Case=Acc\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	34 ἀνθρώπους	amod	high	Substantivized comparative.
32	ἀνεῖναι	ἀνίημι	VERB	V-2AAN-	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	22 εἰκός	csubj	medium	Infinitive complement of impersonal εἰκός ἐστιν.
33	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T----APM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	34 ἀνθρώπους	det	high
34	ἀνθρώπους	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N----APM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	32 ἀνεῖναι	obj	high	Accusative subject of infinitive.
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	22 εἰκός	punct	high
36	ἥ	ὅς	PRON	P----NSF-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	49 ἐκτρέφει	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun referring to χώραν.
37	γε	γε	PART	PART	_	36 ἥ	discourse	high
38	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	49 ἐκτρέφει	cc	medium	Adverbial καί (‘even/also’).
39	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	40 ἡμᾶς	case	high
40	ἡμᾶς	ἐγώ	PRON	P-1AP---	Case=Acc\|Number=Plur\|Person=1	49 ἐκτρέφει	obl	high
41	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	ADV	_	49 ἐκτρέφει	advmod	high
42	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	43 ὄψεως	cc	medium	Part of coordinated genitive phrase.
43	ὄψεως	ὄψις	NOUN	N----GSF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	48 διάφορα	nmod	medium	Genitive of respect with διάφορα.
44	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T----DSN-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	45 παραλόγῳ	det	high
45	παραλόγῳ	παράλογος	ADJ	A----DSN-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	48 διάφορα	obl	medium	Dative of respect/criterion.
46	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	47 μεγέθει	cc	high
47	μεγέθει	μέγεθος	NOUN	N----DSN-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	45 παραλόγῳ	conj	medium	Coordinated dative of respect.
48	διάφορα	διάφορος	ADJ	A----NPN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	49 ἐκτρέφει	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective with θηρία.
49	ἐκτρέφει	ἐκτρέφω	VERB	V-PAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	22 εἰκός	acl:relcl	high
50	θηρία	θηρίον	NOUN	N----APN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	49 ἐκτρέφει	obj	high
51	;	;	PUNCT	_	_	22 εἰκός	punct	high

← 8.29.3 8.29.5 →