Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 8.3.3

Sentence 1

8.3.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 31
Input: 860
Output: 2,118
Total: 2,978

ἀπὸ δὲ Ἑλισσόντος ἥ τε πόλις καὶ ὁ ποταμὸς Ἑλισσὼν τὰ ὀνόματα ἐσχήκασιν, ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ Μακαρία τε καὶ Δασέα καὶ Τραπεζοῦς ἀπὸ τῶν Λυκάονος ἐκλήθησαν καὶ αὗται παίδων.

Two coordinated clauses share a source-genitive with ἀπό; the second clause has an awkward genitive παίδων, likely reflecting Pausanias’ explanatory style and making attachment somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀπὸ	ἀπό	ADP	Prep	_	3 Ἑλισσόντος	case	high	Preposition governing genitive.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	PCL	_	13 ἐσχήκασιν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	Ἑλισσόντος	Ἑλίσσων	PROPN	N--GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ἐσχήκασιν	obl	medium	Likely genitive source with ἀπό; proper name form slightly uncertain.
4	ἥ	ὁ	DET	S--FS---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 πόλις	det	high	Article functioning substantivally with πόλις.
5	τε	τε	PART	G-------	_	4 ἥ	advmod	high	Enclitic connector.
6	πόλις	πόλις	NOUN	N--FS---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 ἐσχήκασιν	nsubj	high	First coordinated subject.
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-------	_	6 πόλις	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
8	ὁ	ὁ	DET	S--MS---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 ποταμὸς	det	high	Article.
9	ποταμὸς	ποταμός	NOUN	N--MS---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ἐσχήκασιν	nsubj	high	Second coordinated subject.
10	Ἑλισσὼν	Ἑλίσσων	PROPN	N--MS---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 ποταμὸς	appos	medium	Apposition naming the river; form may be nominative proper name.
11	τὰ	ὁ	DET	P--NA---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	12 ὀνόματα	det	high	Article.
12	ὀνόματα	ὄνομα	NOUN	N--NA---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	13 ἐσχήκασιν	obj	high	Direct object.
13	ἐσχήκασιν	ἔχω	VERB	V-RAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of first clause.
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἐσχήκασιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
15	ὡσαύτως	ὡσαύτως	ADV	D-------	_	27 ἐκλήθησαν	advmod	high	Adverb linking parallel clause.
16	δὲ	δέ	PART	PCL	_	27 ἐκλήθησαν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-------	_	18 Μακαρία	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
18	Μακαρία	Μακαρία	PROPN	N--FS---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	27 ἐκλήθησαν	nsubj	high	First item in coordinated subject list.
19	τε	τε	PART	G-------	_	18 Μακαρία	advmod	high	Enclitic connector.
20	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-------	_	21 Δασέα	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
21	Δασέα	Δασέα	PROPN	N--FS---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 Μακαρία	conj	medium	Likely another place-name; form/lexeme somewhat uncertain.
22	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-------	_	23 Τραπεζοῦς	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
23	Τραπεζοῦς	Τραπεζοῦς	PROPN	N--FS---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 Μακαρία	conj	high	Third coordinated place-name subject.
24	ἀπὸ	ἀπό	ADP	Prep	_	26 Λυκάονος	case	high	Preposition governing genitive.
25	τῶν	ὁ	DET	P--GMP---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	26 Λυκάονος	det	high	Article.
26	Λυκάονος	Λυκάων	PROPN	N--GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	27 ἐκλήθησαν	obl	medium	Genitive source; likely name or eponym, though article makes the phrase unusual.
27	ἐκλήθησαν	καλέω	VERB	V-API-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	high	Second main verb; coordinated with first clause but treated as root of second clause.
28	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-------	_	29 αὗται	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
29	αὗται	οὗτος	PRON	P-PFN---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	27 ἐκλήθησαν	nsubj	high	Demonstrative subject referring to the named places.
30	παίδων	παῖς	NOUN	N--GMP---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	27 ἐκλήθησαν	obl	medium	Genitive dependent; likely partitive or source/etymological relation.
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	27 ἐκλήθησαν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 3

8.3.3 sentence 3

Tokens: 17
Input: 728
Output: 1,136
Total: 1,864

ὑπὸ δὲ Ὑψοῦντος καὶ Μελαινεαί τε ἐκτίσθησαν καὶ Ὑψοῦς, ἔτι δὲ Θυραῖόν τε καὶ Αἱμονιαί·

The syntax is a passive clause with an expressed genitive agent and a coordinated list of likely subjects; several place-name forms are morphologically ambiguous, so some subject labels are inferred from context.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	_	AdpType=Prep	3 Ὑψοῦντος	case	high	Introduces agent phrase with genitive.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	7 ἐκτίσθησαν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	Ὑψοῦντος	Ὑψοῦς	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ἐκτίσθησαν	obl	high	Genitive agent with ὑπό.
4	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	5 Μελαινεαί	cc	high	Coordinates subjects/names.
5	Μελαινεαί	Μελαιναί	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	7 ἐκτίσθησαν	nsubj:pass	medium	Likely subject in passive construction; form/case may be locally nominative.
6	τε	τε	PART	_	_	5 Μελαινεαί	discourse	high	Enclitic connective.
7	ἐκτίσθησαν	κτίζω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	high	Finite passive verb, sentence root.
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	9 Ὑψοῦς	cc	high	Coordinates with previous item.
9	Ὑψοῦς	Ὑψοῦς	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ἐκτίσθησαν	nsubj:pass	medium	Likely coordinated passive subject; morphology is ambiguous in context.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἐκτίσθησαν	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
11	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	_	_	7 ἐκτίσθησαν	advmod	high	Adverb modifying the clause.
12	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	7 ἐκτίσθησαν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
13	Θυραῖόν	Θυραῖος	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ἐκτίσθησαν	nsubj:pass	medium	Likely coordinated subject; could also be acc. by form, but syntax favors nominative.
14	τε	τε	PART	_	_	13 Θυραῖόν	discourse	high	Enclitic connective.
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	16 Αἱμονιαί	cc	high	Coordinates with preceding name.
16	Αἱμονιαί	Αἱμονίη	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	7 ἐκτίσθησαν	nsubj:pass	medium	Likely coordinated subject; form suggests nominative plural feminine.
17	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἐκτίσθησαν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Passage 8.3.3