Grammar parses for passage 8.3.5
Open translation for this passage
Οἴνωτρος δὲ ὁ τῶν παίδων νεώτατος Λυκάονι ἀρσένων Νύκτιμον τὸν ἀδελφὸν χρήματα καὶ ἄνδρας αἰτήσας ἐπεραιώθη ναυσὶν ἐς Ἰταλίαν, καὶ ἡ Οἰνωτρία χώρα τὸ ὄνομα ἔσχεν ἀπὸ Οἰνώτρου βασιλεύοντος.
The sentence has two coordinated finite clauses. αἰτήσας is a circumstantial aorist participle; βασιλεύοντος with Οἰνώτρου is a genitive participial source/temporal construction, analyzed here as an adjunct to ἔσχεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Οἴνωτρος | Οἴνωτρος | PROPN | N-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐπεραιώθη | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἐπεραιώθη | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 νεώτατος | det | high | |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 παίδων | det | high | |
| 5 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 νεώτατος | nmod | high | |
| 6 | νεώτατος | νέος | ADJ | A-S---MSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Superl|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Οἴνωτρος | appos | high | |
| 7 | Λυκάονι | Λυκάων | PROPN | N-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 αἰτήσας | iobj | high | |
| 8 | ἀρσένων | ἄρσην | ADJ | A-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Νύκτιμον | amod | medium | Genitive plural adjective modifying Νύκτιμον, with an understood nominal sense: male offspring. |
| 9 | Νύκτιμον | Νύκτιμος | PROPN | N-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 αἰτήσας | obj | high | |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀδελφὸν | det | high | |
| 11 | ἀδελφὸν | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Νύκτιμον | appos | high | |
| 12 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 αἰτήσας | obj | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἄνδρας | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 αἰτήσας | obj | high | |
| 15 | αἰτήσας | αἰτέω | VERB | V-AAP-NMS | Aspect=Perfective|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἐπεραιώθη | advcl | high | Aorist participle with dative recipient and coordinated accusative objects. |
| 16 | ἐπεραιώθη | ἐπεραιόω | VERB | V-API-3-S | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | ναυσὶν | ναῦς | NOUN | N-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἐπεραιώθη | obl | high | |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Ἰταλίαν | case | high | |
| 19 | Ἰταλίαν | Ἰταλία | PROPN | N-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐπεραιώθη | obl | high | |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐπεραιώθη | punct | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 27 ἔσχεν | cc | high | |
| 22 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | l-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 χώρα | det | high | |
| 23 | Οἰνωτρία | Οἰνωτρία | ADJ | A-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 χώρα | amod | high | |
| 24 | χώρα | χώρα | NOUN | N-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἔσχεν | nsubj | high | |
| 25 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 26 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 ἔσχεν | obj | high | |
| 27 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-2AAI-3-S | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 16 ἐπεραιώθη | conj | high | |
| 28 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 Οἰνώτρου | case | high | |
| 29 | Οἰνώτρου | Οἴνωτρος | PROPN | N-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 βασιλεύοντος | obl | high | |
| 30 | βασιλεύοντος | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAP-GMS | Aspect=Imperfective|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 27 ἔσχεν | advcl | medium | Genitive participle agreeing with Οἰνώτρου; genitive absolute-like attribution/source construction. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐπεραιώθη | punct | high |
οὗτος ἐκ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἐς ἀποικίαν στόλος πρῶτος ἐστάλη· ἀναριθμουμένῳ δὲ ἐς τὸ ἀκριβέστατον οὐδὲ ἐκ τῶν βαρβάρων οὐδένες πρότερον ἢ Οἴνωτρος ἀφίκοντο ἐς τὴν ἀλλοδαπήν.
First clause: οὗτος is demonstrative subject of ἐστάλη, with στόλος as a nominative apposition/predicate-like specification. Second clause is impersonal/passive in sense: ἀναριθμουμένῳ is a dative absolute, and οὐδένες ... ἀφίκοντο means that none arrived earlier than Oinotros; οὐδὲ coordinates the negative continuation. The syntax around πρότερον ἢ is comparative and somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PD-MS-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 9 ἐστάλη | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 4 Ἑλλάδος | case | high | |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Ἑλλάδος | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἑλλάδος | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποικίαν | nmod | high | |
| 5 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | P | _ | 6 ἀποικίαν | case | high | Variant of εἰς. |
| 6 | ἀποικίαν | ἀποικία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 στόλος | nmod | high | Purpose/destination complement of στόλος. |
| 7 | στόλος | στόλος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστάλη | nsubj | medium | Nominative subject, in apposition or explanatory relation to οὗτος. |
| 8 | πρῶτος | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-NSM-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 στόλος | amod | high | Predicative/ordering adjective modifying στόλος. |
| 9 | ἐστάλη | στέλλω | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστάλη | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἀναριθμουμένῳ | ἀναριθμέω | VERB | V-PPP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 24 ἀφίκοντο | advcl | medium | Dative absolute, with understood subject/objective counting; syntax is compressed. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 ἀφίκοντο | cc | high | |
| 13 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | P | _ | 15 ἀκριβέστατον | case | high | Variant of εἰς. |
| 14 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 ἀκριβέστατον | det | high | Article substantivizing the superlative phrase. |
| 15 | ἀκριβέστατον | ἀκριβής | ADJ | A-ASN-S | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἀναριθμουμένῳ | obl | medium | Articular superlative: ‘with the utmost exactness’; dependent on ἀναριθμουμένῳ. |
| 16 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 οὐδένες | cc | high | Negative coordinator. |
| 17 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 19 βαρβάρων | case | high | |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 βαρβάρων | det | high | |
| 19 | βαρβάρων | βάρβαρος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 οὐδένες | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘of the barbarians’. |
| 20 | οὐδένες | οὐδείς | PRON | PI-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 24 ἀφίκοντο | nsubj | high | Negative pronoun; οὐδὲ supplies the negative coordination. |
| 21 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | ADV-CMP | Degree=Cmp | 24 ἀφίκοντο | advmod | high | Comparative adverb, ‘earlier/before’. |
| 22 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 πρότερον | mark | medium | Introduces the comparative standard after πρότερον. |
| 23 | Οἴνωτρος | Οἴνωτρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἀφίκοντο | nsubj | medium | Proper name; likely the comparative standard construed elliptically with ἢ. |
| 24 | ἀφίκοντο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-2AI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ἐστάλη | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate; middle lexical lemma but this form is morphologically active aorist. |
| 25 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | P | _ | 27 ἀλλοδαπήν | case | high | Variant of εἰς. |
| 26 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 ἀλλοδαπήν | det | high | |
| 27 | ἀλλοδαπήν | ἀλλοδαπή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Destination of ἀφίκοντο. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἀφίκοντο | punct | high |