Grammar parses for passage 8.3.7
Open translation for this passage
Καλλιστὼ δὲ αὐτὴν ἐποίησεν ἀστέρας καλουμένην ἄρκτον μεγάλην, ἧς καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐν Ὀδυσσέως ἀνάπλῳ παρὰ Καλυψοῦς μνήμην ἔσχε·
The first clause uses a compressed double/result-accusative transformation construction: Καλλιστώ/αὐτήν as the affected object, with ἀστέρας and ἄρκτον as resulting identifications. The relative ἧς is most naturally linked to μνήμην (‘memory of which’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Καλλιστὼ | Καλλιστώ | PROPN | Ne-S--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Object of ἐποίησεν; accusative retained with the double-accusative construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἐποίησεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3af---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 4 ἐποίησεν | obj | medium | Reflexive/coreferential accusative, likely resumptive with Καλλιστώ. |
| 4 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἀστέρας | ἀστήρ | NOUN | NPM----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐποίησεν | obl | medium | Accusative of result/transformation, ‘into stars’; construction is somewhat compressed. |
| 6 | καλουμένην | καλέω | VERB | VPP---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 ἄρκτον | acl | high | Participial modifier of ἄρκτον. |
| 7 | ἄρκτον | ἄρκτος | NOUN | NFS----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀστέρας | appos | high | Result/appositional accusative explaining the stellar form. |
| 8 | μεγάλην | μέγας | ADJ | AFS----A- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἄρκτον | amod | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἧς | ὅς | PRON | P----GF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 18 μνήμην | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μνήμην, ‘of which’. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 Ὅμηρος | advmod | high | Additive particle modifying the Homer subject. |
| 12 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | Ne-----N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἔσχε | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 ἀνάπλῳ | case | high | |
| 14 | Ὀδυσσέως | Ὀδυσσεύς | PROPN | Ne----G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἀνάπλῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀνάπλῳ, ‘voyage of Odysseus’. |
| 15 | ἀνάπλῳ | ἀνάπλους | NOUN | NMS---D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἔσχε | obl | high | Dative after ἐν. |
| 16 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Καλυψοῦς | case | high | |
| 17 | Καλυψοῦς | Καλυψώ | PROPN | Ne----G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἔσχε | obl | high | Παρά with genitive: ‘from/by Calypso’. |
| 18 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | NFS----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἔσχε | obj | high | Object of ἔσχε. |
| 19 | ἔσχε | ἔχω | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ἐποίησεν | parataxis | high | Second finite clause coordinated/paratactically attached after the relative clause. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἔσχε | punct | high |
Πληιάδας τʼ ἐσορῶντα καὶ ὀψὲ δύοντα Βοώτην ἄρκτον θʼ, ἣν καὶ ἅμαξαν ἐπίκλησιν καλέουσιν. Hom. Od. 5.272
The initial accusative participles ἐσορῶντα and δύοντα are coordinated and depend on the finite naming clause; the supplied citation tokens are retained as non-syntactic artifacts.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πληιάδας | Πληιάς | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ἐσορῶντα | obj | high | Pleiades, accusative plural. |
| 2 | τʼ | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 καὶ | cc | high | Enclitic τε, coordinating the two participial objects/phrases. |
| 3 | ἐσορῶντα | ἐσοράω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 καλέουσιν | advcl | high | Accusative masculine singular present active participle, agreeing with an understood masculine subject. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 δύοντα | cc | high | Coordinates δύοντα with ἐσορῶντα. |
| 5 | ὀψὲ | ὀψέ | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 δύοντα | advmod | high | Adverb, late. |
| 6 | δύοντα | δύω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 καλέουσιν | advcl | high | Accusative masculine singular present active participle, coordinated with ἐσορῶντα. |
| 7 | Βοώτην | Βοώτης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 δύοντα | obj | high | Boötes, object of δύοντα. |
| 8 | ἄρκτον | ἄρκτος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐσορῶντα | obj | medium | Ursa/Bear, coordinated semantically with the celestial objects observed; attachment to ἐσορῶντα is interpretive. |
| 9 | θʼ | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἄρκτον | cc | high | Enclitic τε, coordinating ἄρκτον with the preceding celestial noun phrase. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 καλέουσιν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of καλέουσιν. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | advmod | high | Adverbial καί, also. |
| 13 | ἅμαξαν | ἅμαξα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 καλέουσιν | obj | high | Alternative name, object/predicate complement in the naming construction. |
| 14 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 καλέουσιν | advmod | medium | By-name/in appellation; accusative adverbial use modifying καλέουσιν. |
| 15 | καλέουσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite naming verb; subject is implicit plural. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | punct | high | |
| 17 | H | H | X | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | dep | low | Citation artifact, not Greek syntax. |
| 18 | o | o | X | _ | _ | 17 H | dep | low | Citation artifact, not Greek syntax. |
| 19 | m | m | X | _ | _ | 17 H | dep | low | Citation artifact, not Greek syntax. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 H | punct | low | Punctuation within citation artifact. |
| 21 | O | O | X | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | dep | low | Citation artifact, not Greek syntax. |
| 22 | d | d | X | _ | _ | 21 O | dep | low | Citation artifact, not Greek syntax. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 O | punct | low | Punctuation within citation artifact. |
| 24 | 5.272 | 5.272 | X | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | dep | low | Citation reference artifact, not Greek syntax. |
ἔχοιεν δʼ ἂν καὶ ἄλλως τὸ ὄνομα οἱ ἀστέρες ἐπὶ τιμῇ τῇ Καλλιστοῦς, ἐπεὶ τάφον γε αὐτῆς ἀποφαίνουσιν οἱ Ἀρκάδες.
The main clause has an optative with ἄν; the ἐπεί-clause is causal and contains τάφον αὐτῆς as the object of ἀποφαίνουσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔχοιεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAO-3P | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Potential optative with ἄν. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔχοιεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 1 ἔχοιεν | aux | high | Modal particle with optative. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 5 ἄλλως | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί, ‘also/even’. |
| 5 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἔχοιεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the predication. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ὄνομα | det | high | Article with ὄνομα. |
| 7 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχοιεν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔχοιεν. |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἀστέρες | det | high | Article with ἀστέρες. |
| 9 | ἀστέρες | ἀστήρ | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἔχοιεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔχοιεν. |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 τιμῇ | case | high | With dative, expressing occasion or purpose. |
| 11 | τιμῇ | τιμή | NOUN | N-SDF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχοιεν | obl | high | Prepositional complement with ἐπί. |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-SDF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 τιμῇ | det | high | Article with τιμῇ. |
| 13 | Καλλιστοῦς | Καλλιστώ | PROPN | N-SGF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 τιμῇ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on τιμῇ. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχοιεν | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἀποφαίνουσιν | mark | high | Introduces causal subordinate clause. |
| 16 | τάφον | τάφος | NOUN | N-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀποφαίνουσιν | obj | high | Object of ἀποφαίνουσιν. |
| 17 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 16 τάφον | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 18 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P-SG3 | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 16 τάφον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on τάφον. |
| 19 | ἀποφαίνουσιν | ἀποφαίνω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἔχοιεν | advcl | high | Causal subordinate predicate. |
| 20 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Ἀρκάδες | det | high | Article with Ἀρκάδες. |
| 21 | Ἀρκάδες | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀποφαίνουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀποφαίνουσιν. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχοιεν | punct | high |