Grammar parses for passage 8.3.7
Open translation for this passage
Καλλιστὼ δὲ αὐτὴν ἐποίησεν ἀστέρας καλουμένην ἄρκτον μεγάλην, ἧς καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐν Ὀδυσσέως ἀνάπλῳ παρὰ Καλυψοῦς μνήμην ἔσχε·
The first clause has a compressed predicative/object structure around ἐποίησεν; the second clause is straightforward with ἔσχε as root of the semicolon-separated main clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Καλλιστὼ | Καλλιστὼ | PROPN | N------ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 4 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποίησεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 ἐποίησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-3ASF-- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 4 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποίησεν. |
| 4 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V-3AAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 5 | ἀστέρας | ἀστήρ | NOUN | N-APM--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 4 ἐποίησεν | obj | medium | Likely predicate/object complement with ἐποίησεν; syntax is somewhat compressed. |
| 6 | καλουμένην | καλέω | VERB | V-PPPM-S | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 7 ἄρκτον | amod | high | Participle modifying ἄρκτον. |
| 7 | ἄρκτον | ἄρκτος | NOUN | N-ASF--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 4 ἐποίησεν | obj | medium | Another accusative complement of ἐποίησεν. |
| 8 | μεγάλην | μέγας | ADJ | A-ASF--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 7 ἄρκτον | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of ἄρκτον. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 10 | ἧς | ὅς | PRON | P-GSF--- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Rel | 18 μνήμην | nmod | high | Relative pronoun dependent on μνήμην. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 12 Ὅμηρος | advmod | medium | Adverbial 'also/even' with Ὅμηρος. |
| 12 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N------ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 19 ἔσχε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔσχε. |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 15 ἀνάπλῳ | case | high | Preposition governing ἀνάπλῳ. |
| 14 | Ὀδυσσέως | Ὀδυσσεύς | PROPN | N----G--- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 15 ἀνάπλῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀνάπλῳ. |
| 15 | ἀνάπλῳ | ἄναπλος | NOUN | N-DSN--- | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 19 ἔσχε | obl | high | Oblique phrase with ἐν. |
| 16 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 17 Καλυψοῦς | case | high | Preposition governing Καλυψοῦς. |
| 17 | Καλυψοῦς | Καλυψώ | PROPN | N----G--- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 18 μνήμην | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μνήμην with παρὰ. |
| 18 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | N-ASF--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 19 ἔσχε | obj | high | Direct object of ἔσχε. |
| 19 | ἔσχε | ἔχω | VERB | V-3AAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Clause after the semicolon is the main predication here. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἔσχε | punct | high | Greek middle dot punctuation. |
Πληιάδας τʼ ἐσορῶντα καὶ ὀψὲ δύοντα Βοώτην ἄρκτον θʼ, ἣν καὶ ἅμαξαν ἐπίκλησιν καλέουσιν. Hom. Od. 5.272
The syntax is poetic and compressed; the relative clause ἣν καὶ ἅμαξαν ἐπίκλησιν καλέουσιν is especially difficult, with ἅμαξαν likely predicative/appositive to ἄρκτον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πληιάδας | Πληιάς | NOUN | N-APF-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ἐσορῶντα | obj | high | Accusative plural object of ἐσορῶντα. |
| 2 | τʼ | τε | PART | PRT | _ | 1 Πληιάδας | cc | medium | Enclitic connective; likely links Πληιάδας and ἐσορῶντα within the participial phrase. |
| 3 | ἐσορῶντα | ἐσοράω | VERB | V-PAP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 καλέουσιν | advcl | high | Accusative masculine singular participle agreeing with implied subject of καλέουσιν. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἐσορῶντα | cc | high | Coordinates the participles ἐσορῶντα and δύοντα. |
| 5 | ὀψὲ | ὀψέ | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 δύοντα | advmod | high | Adverb modifying δύοντα. |
| 6 | δύοντα | δύω | VERB | V-PAP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 καλέουσιν | advcl | high | Second coordinated participle modifying the implicit subject. |
| 7 | Βοώτην | Βοώτης | PROPN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐσορῶντα | obj | high | Likely object of ἐσορῶντα, parallel to Πληιάδας. |
| 8 | ἄρκτον | ἄρκτος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 καλέουσιν | obj | high | Object in the relative clause, with ἐπίκλησιν καλέουσιν. |
| 9 | θʼ | τε | PART | PRT | _ | 8 ἄρκτον | cc | medium | Enclitic connective after ἄρκτον. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 13 ἅμαξαν | det | high | Relative pronoun modifying ἄρκτον. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | ADV | _ | _ | 14 ἐπίκλησιν | advmod | medium | Focus/additive particle modifying ἐπίκλησιν. |
| 13 | ἅμαξαν | ἅμαξα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἣν | nsubj | medium | Predicate/appositive within the relative clause; the syntax is somewhat compressed. |
| 14 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 καλέουσιν | obj | high | Accusative of respect or name/resultative complement with καλέουσιν. |
| 15 | καλέουσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb of the sentence. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | H | H | X | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | dep | low | Non-Greek bibliography token. |
| 18 | o | o | X | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | dep | low | Non-Greek bibliography token. |
| 19 | m | m | X | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | dep | low | Non-Greek bibliography token. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 21 | O | O | X | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | dep | low | Non-Greek bibliography token. |
| 22 | d | d | X | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | dep | low | Non-Greek bibliography token. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 24 | 5.272 | 5.272 | X | _ | _ | 15 καλέουσιν | dep | low | Reference marker. |
ἔχοιεν δʼ ἂν καὶ ἄλλως τὸ ὄνομα οἱ ἀστέρες ἐπὶ τιμῇ τῇ Καλλιστοῦς, ἐπεὶ τάφον γε αὐτῆς ἀποφαίνουσιν οἱ Ἀρκάδες.
The first clause is an optative potential construction with ἄν; the second clause is causal with ἐπεὶ and a straightforward subject-verb-object structure.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔχοιεν | ἔχω | VERB | V--OIA-3P | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb; optative with ἄν. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἔχοιεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἔχοιεν | advmod | high | Modal particle with optative. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ἄλλως | cc | medium | Connects with ἄλλως in adverbial phrase. |
| 5 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 ἔχοιεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχοιεν. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 ὄνομα | det | high | Article with ὄνομα. |
| 7 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχοιεν | obj | high | Internal object/accusative of respect with ἔχοιεν. |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 ἀστέρες | det | high | Article with ἀστέρες. |
| 9 | ἀστέρες | ἀστήρ | NOUN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἔχοιεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔχοιεν. |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 11 τιμῇ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 11 | τιμῇ | τιμή | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχοιεν | obl | high | Prepositional oblique. |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Καλλιστοῦς | det | high | Article with Καλλιστοῦς. |
| 13 | Καλλιστοῦς | Καλλιστώ | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 τιμῇ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τιμῇ, likely epexegetic/appositional sense. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχοιεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἀποφαίνουσιν | mark | high | Introduces causal clause. |
| 16 | τάφον | τάφος | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀποφαίνουσιν | obj | high | Object of ἀποφαίνουσιν. |
| 17 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 16 τάφον | discourse | high | Enclitic emphasizing τάφον. |
| 18 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | a-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 16 τάφον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of τάφον. |
| 19 | ἀποφαίνουσιν | ἀποφαίνω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἐπεὶ | advcl | high | Verb of causal clause headed by ἐπεὶ. |
| 20 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 Ἀρκάδες | det | high | Article with Ἀρκάδες. |
| 21 | Ἀρκάδες | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀποφαίνουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀποφαίνουσιν. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχοιεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |