Grammar parses for passage 8.30.8
Open translation for this passage
Μεγαλοπολίταις δὲ ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς ἐστιν ὄπισθεν τοῦ περιβόλου τοῦ ἀνειμένου τῷ Λυκαίῳ Διὶ ἀνὴρ ἐπειργασμένος ἐπὶ στήλῃ, Πολύβιος Λυκόρτα·
The locative phrase identifies the statue's location; ἀνειμένου is a genitive participle modifying περίβολος, while ἐπειργασμένος with ἀνήρ is the predicative subject of ἐστιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεγαλοπολίταις | Μεγαλοπολίτης | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐστιν | iobj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ἀγορᾶς | case | high | |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀγορᾶς | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀγορᾶς | ἀγορά | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | obl | high | |
| 6 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ὄπισθεν | ὄπισθεν | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 ἐστιν | advmod | high | |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 περιβόλου | det | high | |
| 9 | περιβόλου | περίβολος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ὄπισθεν | obl | high | |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀνειμένου | det | high | |
| 11 | ἀνειμένου | ἀνίημι | VERB | V-RMP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 9 περιβόλου | acl | high | |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Διὶ | det | high | |
| 13 | Λυκαίῳ | Λυκαῖος | PROPN | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Διὶ | amod | high | |
| 14 | Διὶ | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀνειμένου | iobj | high | Dative complement of ἀνειμένου. |
| 15 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐπειργασμένος | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 16 | ἐπειργασμένος | ἐπεργάζομαι | VERB | V-RMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 6 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Predicate participle with ἀνήρ; the statue/man is described as worked in relief. |
| 17 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 στήλῃ | case | high | |
| 18 | στήλῃ | στήλη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐπειργασμένος | obl | high | |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 20 Πολύβιος | punct | high | |
| 20 | Πολύβιος | Πολύβιος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐπειργασμένος | appos | high | |
| 21 | Λυκόρτα | Λυκόρτας | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Πολύβιος | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive of Πολύβιος. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high |
γέγραπται δὲ καὶ ἐλεγεῖα ἐπʼ αὐτῷ λέγοντα ὡς ἐπὶ γῆν καὶ θάλασσαν πᾶσαν πλανηθείη, καὶ ὅτι σύμμαχος γένοιτο Ῥωμαίων καὶ παύσειεν αὐτοὺς ὀργῆς τῆς ἐς τὸ Ἑλληνικόν.
The participle λέγοντα agrees with ἐλεγεῖα and introduces two coordinated ὡς/ὅτι clauses; the optatives are embedded in reported content. πλανηθείη is 3sg despite the coordinated accusative destinations, with an understood singular subject referring to αὐτῷ; σύμμαχος is predicate nominative with γένοιτο, and τῆς ἐς τὸ Ἑλληνικόν modifies ὀργῆς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 γέγραπται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἐλεγεῖα | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἐλεγεῖα | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | N----NA-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 γέγραπται | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 αὐτῷ | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 6 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 λέγοντα | obl | high | |
| 7 | λέγοντα | λέγω | VERB | V-PAP-NAP | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐλεγεῖα | acl | high | Agrees with ἐλεγεῖα. |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 πλανηθείη | mark | high | Introduces reported-content clause. |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 γῆν | case | high | |
| 10 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N----FA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 πλανηθείη | obl | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 θάλασσαν | cc | high | |
| 12 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N----FA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 γῆν | conj | high | |
| 13 | πᾶσαν | πᾶς | ADJ | A----FA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 θάλασσαν | amod | high | Scope is coordinated γῆν καὶ θάλασσαν. |
| 14 | πλανηθείη | πλανάω | VERB | V-AOP-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 7 λέγοντα | ccomp | medium | Optative in reported content; understood singular subject is elliptical. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 πλανηθείη | punct | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 γένοιτο | cc | high | Coordinates the second reported-content clause. |
| 17 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 γένοιτο | mark | high | Introduces reported content. |
| 18 | σύμμαχος | σύμμαχος | NOUN | N----NM-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 γένοιτο | nsubj | high | Predicate nominative with γένοιτο. |
| 19 | γένοιτο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AOM-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 7 λέγοντα | ccomp | high | |
| 20 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A----GM-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 σύμμαχος | nmod | high | Genitive of association: σύμμαχος Ῥωμαίων. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 παύσειεν | cc | high | |
| 22 | παύσειεν | παύω | VERB | V-AAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 γένοιτο | conj | high | Coordinated with γένοιτο; subject is understood. |
| 23 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P----AM-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 22 παύσειεν | obj | high | Refers to the Greeks. |
| 24 | ὀργῆς | ὀργή | NOUN | N----FG-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 παύσειεν | obl | high | Genitive complement with παύσειεν. |
| 25 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-FSG | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ὀργῆς | det | high | |
| 26 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 28 Ἑλληνικόν | case | high | Variant/prepositional form of εἰς. |
| 27 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-NSN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 Ἑλληνικόν | det | high | |
| 28 | Ἑλληνικόν | Ἑλληνικός | ADJ | A-S---NA- | substantivized=Yes|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ὀργῆς | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the Greek world/people’. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | punct | high |
συνέγραψε δὲ ὁ Πολύβιος οὗτος καὶ ἄλλα ἔργα Ῥωμαίων καὶ ὡς Καρχηδονίοις κατέστησαν ἐς πόλεμον, αἰτία τε ἥτις ἐγένετο αὐτοῦ καὶ ὡς ὀψὲ
The sentence has coordinated content clauses under συνέγραψε; ἥτις introduces a relative clause modifying αἰτία, while the final ὡς ὀψὲ is an incomplete continuation beyond the supplied passage. The subject of κατέστησαν is the understood Καρχηδόνιοι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συνέγραψε | συγγράφω | VERB | V-3SAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G | _ | 1 συνέγραψε | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Πολύβιος | det | high | |
| 4 | Πολύβιος | Πολύβιος | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 συνέγραψε | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | οὗτος | οὗτος | DET | RD-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Πολύβιος | det | high | Demonstrative used appositionally/emphatically with the proper name. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 8 ἔργα | cc | high | Coordinates the object ἄλλα ἔργα with the following content. |
| 7 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἔργα | amod | high | |
| 8 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 συνέγραψε | obj | high | |
| 9 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἔργα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἔργα. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 11 ὡς | cc | high | Coordinates the second content clause. |
| 11 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 συνέγραψε | ccomp | high | Introduces reported content. |
| 12 | Καρχηδονίοις | Καρχηδόνιος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 κατέστησαν | nsubj | medium | Dative form is morphologically clear, but syntactically functions as the participant subject of κατέστησαν in the reported clause. |
| 13 | κατέστησαν | καθίστημι | VERB | V-3PAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 ὡς | ccomp | high | |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 15 πόλεμον | case | high | |
| 15 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 κατέστησαν | obl | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 κατέστησαν | punct | high | |
| 17 | αἰτία | αἰτία | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐγένετο | nsubj | medium | Likely nominative subject/predicate nucleus of the following relative-clause complex; coordination with the preceding content is elliptical. |
| 18 | τε | τε | CCONJ | G | _ | 17 αἰτία | cc | high | |
| 19 | ἥτις | ὅστις | PRON | RI-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to αἰτία. |
| 20 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-3SAMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 συνέγραψε | conj | medium | Verb of the relative clause; the larger phrase likely continues or is elliptical in the supplied excerpt. |
| 21 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | PX-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἐγένετο | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on ἐγένετο, likely referring to the war or its cause; exact semantic relation is context-sensitive. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 23 ὡς | cc | high | Coordinates the final ὡς-clause/phrase with the preceding material. |
| 23 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἐγένετο | advcl | low | Introduces an incomplete clause in the supplied token span. |
| 24 | ὀψὲ | ὀψέ | ADV | D | _ | 23 ὡς | advmod | high | Adverbial element of the incomplete final ὡς phrase. |