Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 8.31.4

← 8.31.3 8.31.5 →

Passage 8.31.4

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed

111Greek tokens

3,337input tokens

7,674output tokens

Sentence 1

8.31.4 sentence 1

Tokens: 55
Input: 1,126
Output: 3,804
Total: 4,930

πεποίηνται δὲ ἐπὶ τραπέζῃ καὶ Νύμφαι· Νέδα μὲν Δία φέρουσά ἐστι νήπιον παῖδα, Ἀνθρακία δὲ νύμφη τῶν Ἀρκαδικῶν καὶ αὕτη δᾷδα ἔχουσά ἐστιν, Ἁγνὼ δὲ τῇ μὲν ὑδρίαν, ἐν δὲ τῇ ἑτέρᾳ χειρὶ φιάλην· Ἀγχιρόης δὲ καὶ Μυρτωέσσης εἰσὶν ὑδρίαι τὰ φορήματα, καὶ ὕδωρ δῆθεν ἀπʼ αὐτῶν κάτεισιν.

The passage contains several coordinated descriptive clauses; τῇ μὲν ... ἐν δὲ ... supplies omitted handling/holding predication, and τὰ φορήματα is treated as an appositional clarification of ὑδρίαι.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	πεποίηνται	ποιέω	VERB	V-Perf-MedInd-3Pl	Aspect=Perfective\|Mood=Indicative\|Number=Plur\|Person=Third\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Middle	0 ROOT	root	high	Perfect middle/passive indicative, ‘have been made/depicted’.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 πεποίηνται	cc	high
3	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	4 τραπέζῃ	case	high
4	τραπέζῃ	τράπεζα	NOUN	N-Dat-Sg-Fem	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 πεποίηνται	obl	high	Dative with ἐπί.
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	6 Νύμφαι	cc	high
6	Νύμφαι	Νύμφη	NOUN	N-Nom-Pl-Fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	1 πεποίηνται	nsubj:pass	high
7	·	·	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	1 πεποίηνται	punct	high
8	Νέδα	Νέδα	PROPN	N-Nom-Sg-Fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 ἐστι	nsubj	high
9	μὲν	μέν	PART	PART	_	8 Νέδα	discourse	high
10	Δία	Ζεύς	PROPN	N-Acc-Sg-Masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 φέρουσά	obj	high	Accusative object of φέρουσα.
11	φέρουσά	φέρω	VERB	V-Pres-Act-PTCP-Nom-Sg-Fem	Aspect=Imperfective\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	12 ἐστι	xcomp	high	Supplementary participle with ἐστι.
12	ἐστι	εἰμί	AUX	V-Pres-Act-Ind-3Sg	Aspect=Imperfective\|Mood=Indicative\|Number=Sing\|Person=Third\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	6 Νύμφαι	conj	high
13	νήπιον	νήπιος	ADJ	A-Nom-Acc-Sg-Neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	14 παῖδα	amod	high	Neuter adjective agreeing with παῖδα.
14	παῖδα	παῖς	NOUN	N-Acc-Sg-Masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 φέρουσά	obj	high	Appositional/object phrase with Δία.
15	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	12 ἐστι	punct	high
16	Ἀνθρακία	Ἀνθρακία	PROPN	N-Nom-Sg-Fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 ἐστιν	nsubj	high
17	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	16 Ἀνθρακία	cc	high
18	νύμφη	νύμφη	NOUN	N-Nom-Sg-Fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 Ἀνθρακία	appos	high
19	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-Gen-Pl	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur	20 Ἀρκαδικῶν	det	high
20	Ἀρκαδικῶν	Ἀρκαδικός	ADJ	A-Gen-Pl	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur	18 νύμφη	nmod	high	Substantivized adjective.
21	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	22 αὕτη	cc	high
22	αὕτη	οὗτος	PRON	P-Dem-Nom-Sg-Fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	25 ἐστιν	nsubj	high	Resumptive subject.
23	δᾷδα	δαΐς	NOUN	N-Acc-Sg-Fem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 ἔχουσά	obj	high
24	ἔχουσά	ἔχω	VERB	V-Pres-Act-PTCP-Nom-Sg-Fem	Aspect=Imperfective\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	25 ἐστιν	xcomp	high	Supplementary participle with ἐστιν.
25	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-Pres-Act-Ind-3Sg	Aspect=Imperfective\|Mood=Indicative\|Number=Sing\|Person=Third\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	6 Νύμφαι	conj	high
26	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	25 ἐστιν	punct	high
27	Ἁγνὼ	Ἁγνώ	PROPN	N-Nom-Sg-Fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 ὑδρίαν	nsubj	high
28	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	27 Ἁγνὼ	cc	high
29	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T-Dat-Sg-Fem	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 ὑδρίαν	det	high	Correlative τῇ ... ἑτέρᾳ χειρί.
30	μὲν	μέν	PART	PART	_	31 ὑδρίαν	discourse	high
31	ὑδρίαν	ὑδρία	NOUN	N-Acc-Sg-Fem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	27 Ἁγνὼ	obj	medium	Object understood with a carrying/holding predicate; coordinated with φιάλην.
32	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	31 ὑδρίαν	punct	high
33	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	37 χειρὶ	case	high
34	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	38 φιάλην	cc	high
35	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T-Dat-Sg-Fem	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	37 χειρὶ	det	high
36	ἑτέρᾳ	ἕτερος	ADJ	A-Dat-Sg-Fem	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	37 χειρὶ	amod	high
37	χειρὶ	χείρ	NOUN	N-Dat-Sg-Fem	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	38 φιάλην	obl	high	Object of ἐν.
38	φιάλην	φιάλη	NOUN	N-Acc-Sg-Fem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	27 Ἁγνὼ	obj	high	Second object in the μὲν ... δέ coordination.
39	·	·	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	27 Ἁγνὼ	punct	high
40	Ἀγχιρόης	Ἀγχιρόη	PROPN	N-Nom-Sg-Fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	44 εἰσὶν	nsubj	high	Coordinated subject with Μυρτωέσσης.
41	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	40 Ἀγχιρόης	cc	high
42	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	43 Μυρτωέσσης	cc	high
43	Μυρτωέσσης	Μυρτωέσσα	PROPN	N-Nom-Sg-Fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	40 Ἀγχιρόης	conj	high
44	εἰσὶν	εἰμί	AUX	V-Pres-Act-Ind-3Pl	Aspect=Imperfective\|Mood=Indicative\|Number=Plur\|Person=Third\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	6 Νύμφαι	conj	high	Plural predicate with coordinated names.
45	ὑδρίαι	ὑδρία	NOUN	N-Nom-Pl-Fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	44 εἰσὶν	attr	high	Predicate nominative.
46	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-Nom-Acc-Pl-Neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	47 φορήματα	det	high
47	φορήματα	φόρημα	NOUN	N-Nom-Acc-Pl-Neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	45 ὑδρίαι	appos	medium	Likely appositional clarification: the hydriai are the carried objects.
48	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	44 εἰσὶν	punct	high
49	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	54 κάτεισιν	cc	high
50	ὕδωρ	ὕδωρ	NOUN	N-Nom-Acc-Sg-Neut	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	54 κάτεισιν	nsubj	high
51	δῆθεν	δῆθεν	ADV	ADV	_	54 κάτεισιν	advmod	high	‘Apparently/so-called’.
52	ἀπʼ	ἀπό	ADP	PREP	_	53 αὐτῶν	case	high
53	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P-Gen-Pl	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	54 κάτεισιν	obl	high	Genitive complement of ἀπό.
54	κάτεισιν	κάτειμι	VERB	V-Pres-Act-Ind-3Sg	Aspect=Imperfective\|Mood=Indicative\|Number=Sing\|Person=Third\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	44 εἰσὶν	conj	high	Coordinated clause: water supposedly descends from them.
55	.	.	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	54 κάτεισιν	punct	high

Sentence 2

8.31.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 9
Input: 633
Output: 670
Total: 1,303

τοῦ περιβόλου δέ ἐστιν ἐντὸς Φιλίου Διὸς ναός,

Existential/copular clause: ναός is the subject/predicate noun of ἐστιν; τοῦ περιβόλου is a genitive of relation ('within the enclosure'), and ἐντός governs the genitive phrase Φιλίου Διός. Φιλίου modifies Διός.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-dog-s	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	2 περιβόλου	det	high
2	περιβόλου	περίβολος	NOUN	N2osg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ἐστιν	obl	medium	Genitive of relation/location with the clause.
3	δέ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	4 ἐστιν	cc	high
4	ἐστιν	εἰμί	VERB	V3spia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
5	ἐντὸς	ἐντός	ADP	R--------	_	7 Διὸς	case	high	Preposition governing the following genitive.
6	Φιλίου	Φίλιος	ADJ	A--GSM---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 Διὸς	amod	high
7	Διὸς	Ζεύς	PROPN	Np-GSM---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 ναός	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ναός: temple of Philios Zeus.
8	ναός	ναός	NOUN	N1msn	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ἐστιν	nsubj	high	Subject/predicate noun with εἰμί.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἐστιν	punct	high

Sentence 3

8.31.4 sentence 3

Tokens: 36
Input: 921
Output: 2,373
Total: 3,294

Πολυκλείτου μὲν τοῦ Ἀργείου τὸ ἄγαλμα, Διονύσῳ δὲ ἐμφερές· κόθορνοί τε γὰρ τὰ ὑποδήματά ἐστιν αὐτῷ καὶ ἔχει τῇ χειρὶ ἔκπωμα, τῇ δὲ ἑτέρᾳ θύρσον, κάθηται δὲ ἀετὸς ἐπὶ τῷ θύρσῳ·

The first clause is nominal with omitted copula (ἄγαλμα ... ἐμφερές); the following clauses are coordinated/paratactic descriptions. The neuter plural subject ὑποδήματα takes singular ἐστιν, a common Greek construction.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Πολυκλείτου	Πολύκλειτος	PROPN	N-gen	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἄγαλμα	nmod	high
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	Ptcl	_	1 Πολυκλείτου	discourse	high
3	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	Art-gen	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 Ἀργείου	det	high
4	Ἀργείου	Ἀργεῖος	ADJ	A-gen	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 Πολυκλείτου	amod	high	Agrees with Πολυκλείτου.
5	τὸ	ὁ	DET	Art-nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἄγαλμα	det	high
6	ἄγαλμα	ἄγαλμα	NOUN	N-nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 ἐμφερές	nsubj	high	Subject of understood/copular identification with ἐμφερές.
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἄγαλμα	punct	high
8	Διονύσῳ	Διόνυσος	PROPN	N-dat	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 ἐμφερές	obl	medium	Dative of comparison/reference with ἐμφερές.
9	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	Conj	_	10 ἐμφερές	cc	high
10	ἐμφερές	ἔμφερος	ADJ	A-nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	high	Nominal predicate; copula is omitted.
11	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	10 ἐμφερές	punct	high
12	κόθορνοί	κόθορνος	NOUN	N-nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 ἐστιν	nsubj	high
13	τε	τε	CCONJ	Conj	_	12 κόθορνοί	cc	high
14	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	Ptcl	_	17 ἐστιν	discourse	high
15	τὰ	ὁ	DET	Art-nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	16 ὑποδήματά	det	high
16	ὑποδήματά	ὑπόδημα	NOUN	N-nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	17 ἐστιν	nsubj	high	Predicate/subject coordination with κόθορνοι under ἐστιν.
17	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-pres-ind-act-3sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	10 ἐμφερές	parataxis	high	Singular copula with neuter plural subject.
18	αὐτῷ	αὐτός	PRON	P-dat	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Person=3	20 ἔχει	obl	high	Dative of possession/reference.
19	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conj	_	20 ἔχει	cc	high
20	ἔχει	ἔχω	VERB	V-pres-ind-act-3sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	17 ἐστιν	conj	high
21	τῇ	ὁ	DET	Art-dat	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 χειρὶ	det	high
22	χειρὶ	χείρ	NOUN	N-dat	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ἔχει	obl	high	Dative of means/body part.
23	ἔκπωμα	ἔκπωμα	NOUN	N-acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 ἔχει	obj	high
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἔχει	punct	high
25	τῇ	ὁ	DET	Art-dat	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	27 ἑτέρᾳ	det	high
26	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	Conj	_	20 ἔχει	cc	high
27	ἑτέρᾳ	ἕτερος	ADJ	A-dat	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	28 θύρσον	amod	high	Substantivized adjective: the other hand.
28	θύρσον	θύρσος	NOUN	N-acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 ἔχει	obj	high	Object coordinated with ἔκπωμα; implied hand/holding relation.
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἔχει	punct	high
30	κάθηται	κάθημαι	VERB	V-pres-ind-mid-3sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	10 ἐμφερές	parataxis	high
31	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	Conj	_	30 κάθηται	cc	high
32	ἀετὸς	ἀετός	NOUN	N-nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	30 κάθηται	nsubj	high
33	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	Prep	_	35 θύρσῳ	case	high
34	τῷ	ὁ	DET	Art-dat	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	35 θύρσῳ	det	high
35	θύρσῳ	θύρσος	NOUN	N-dat	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	30 κάθηται	obl	high	ἐπί with dative: located on/upon the thyrsus.
36	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	30 κάθηται	punct	high

Sentence 4

8.31.4 sentence 4

Tokens: 11
Input: 657
Output: 827
Total: 1,484

καίτοι τοῖς γε ἐς Διόνυσον λεγομένοις τοῦτο οὐχ ὁμολογοῦν ἐστι.

The construction means ‘yet this is not consistent with what is said about Dionysus’: τοῖς λεγομένοις is a dative substantivized participial phrase, with ἐς Διόνυσον dependent on λεγομένοις; ὁμολογοῦν is a neuter nominative predicate agreeing with τοῦτο, and ἐστι is the copula.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καίτοι	καίτοι	ADV	Adverb	_	10 ἐστι	advmod	high
2	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-d--------	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 λεγομένοις	det	high
3	γε	γε	PART	X	_	6 λεγομένοις	advmod	high	Postpositive restrictive/emphatic particle.
4	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	5 Διόνυσον	case	high	Variant form of εἰς.
5	Διόνυσον	Διόνυσος	PROPN	Ne-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 λεγομένοις	obl	high
6	λεγομένοις	λέγω	VERB	V স্প--pdpmg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	7 τοῦτο	acl	high	Substantivized participle: ‘things said’.
7	τοῦτο	οὗτος	PRON	Pd-----na-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 ἐστι	nsubj	high
8	οὐχ	οὐ	PART	D--------	_	9 ὁμολογοῦν	advmod	high	Elided/phonologically conditioned form before vowel.
9	ὁμολογοῦν	ὁμολογέω	VERB	Vppsan----	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	10 ἐστι	xcomp	high	Predicative neuter participle, ‘agreeing/consistent’.
10	ἐστι	εἰμί	AUX	V3spia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	10 ἐστι	punct	high

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