Grammar parses for passage 8.31.8
Open translation for this passage
τοῦ ναοῦ δὲ τῶν Μεγάλων θεῶν ἐστιν ἱερὸν ἐν δεξιᾷ καὶ Κόρης· λίθου δὲ τὸ ἄγαλμα ποδῶν ὀκτὼ μάλιστα·
The first clause has an elliptical copular construction: ἱερόν is the predicate nominative and τῶν Μεγάλων θεῶν is a genitive dependent on ναοῦ (temple of the Great Gods); ἐν δεξιᾷ καὶ Κόρης coordinates two location phrases, with the second preposition understood. The second clause describes the statue as made of stone and approximately eight feet high; ποδῶν is a genitive of measure.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-d-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 ναοῦ | det | high | |
| 2 | ναοῦ | ναός | NOUN | N-g-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on the understood/elliptical referent of the copular clause, ‘of the temple’. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-g-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 θεῶν | det | high | |
| 5 | Μεγάλων | μέγας | ADJ | A-gp-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 θεῶν | amod | high | |
| 6 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-gp-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 ναοῦ | nmod | high | Genitive ‘of the Great Gods’. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | Nb-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘sanctuary’; predicate/nominative participant of the copula. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 δεξιᾷ | case | high | |
| 10 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | ADJ | A-fs-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἱερὸν | obl | high | Substantivized dative, ‘on the right’. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 Κόρης | cc | high | |
| 12 | Κόρης | Κόρη | PROPN | Ne-g-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 δεξιᾷ | conj | medium | Second coordinated location phrase; preposition ἐν is understood, with Κόρης likely ‘of Kore’/‘by Kore’ in the local description. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 14 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-g-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Material genitive, ‘of stone’. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ns-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 ἄγαλμα | det | high | |
| 17 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | Nb-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | parataxis | medium | New elliptical clause after punctuation; copula and relation to preceding clause are understood. |
| 18 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | N-gp-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive of measure, ‘of feet’. |
| 19 | ὀκτὼ | ὀκτώ | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 18 ποδῶν | nummod | high | |
| 20 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 19 ὀκτὼ | advmod | high | Approximation adverb modifying the measurement. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἄγαλμα | punct | high |
ταινίαι δὲ ἐπέχουσι διὰ παντὸς τὸ βάθρον.
The phrase διὰ παντὸς is an idiomatic genitive construction meaning 'throughout/along the whole'; ταινίαι is the plural subject and τὸ βάθρον the accusative object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταινίαι | ταινία | NOUN | N--NP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ἐπέχουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 3 ἐπέχουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπέχουσι | ἐπέχω | VERB | V- PIA3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | διὰ | διά | ADP | -------- | _ | 5 παντὸς | case | high | |
| 5 | παντὸς | πᾶς | ADJ | A--GSN-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐπέχουσι | obl | high | Substantivized neuter genitive: 'throughout'. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--ASN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 βάθρον | det | high | |
| 7 | βάθρον | βάθρον | NOUN | N--ASN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐπέχουσι | obj | high | |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐπέχουσι | punct | high |
ἐς τοῦτο τὸ ἱερὸν γυναιξὶ μὲν τὸν πάντα ἐστὶν ἔσοδος χρόνον, οἱ δὲ ἄνδρες οὐ πλέον ἢ ἅπαξ κατὰ ἔτος ἕκαστον ἐς αὐτὸ ἐσίασι.
The first clause has existential ἔσοδος ἐστίν with χρόνον as an accusative of duration and τὸν πάντα idiomatically modifying χρόνον; γυναιξί is a dative of reference. In the second clause, οἱ ἄνδρες is the subject of ἐσίασι, with πλέον governed by ἤ and κατὰ ἔτος ἕκαστον expressing yearly frequency. The form ἐσίασι is analyzed as third-plural present indicative of εἴσειμι, though orthographic contraction/variant spelling is possible.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 4 ἱερὸν | case | high | |
| 2 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PD----ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 ἱερὸν | det | high | Demonstrative determiner. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DA----NS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ἱερὸν | det | high | |
| 4 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-----NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Substantive neuter noun, subject of existential ἐστίν. |
| 5 | γυναιξὶ | γυνή | NOUN | N-----DP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἐστὶν | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/beneficiary: for women. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 9 ἐστὶν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with following δέ. |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DA----AS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 πάντα | det | high | |
| 8 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-----AS- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 χρόνον | amod | medium | Accusative masculine singular in the idiom τὸν πάντα χρόνον. |
| 9 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V--PIA3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular verb. |
| 10 | ἔσοδος | εἴσοδος | NOUN | N-----NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστὶν | nsubj | medium | Predicate/existential noun; form is nominative feminine. |
| 11 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Accusative of duration. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | DA----NP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 ἄνδρες | det | high | |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 25 ἐσίασι | cc | high | Correlative contrast with μέν. |
| 15 | ἄνδρες | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-----NP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἐσίασι | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | T--------- | Polarity=Neg | 25 ἐσίασι | advmod | high | |
| 17 | πλέον | πολύς | ADV | A-----NC- | Degree=Cmp | 25 ἐσίασι | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative, ‘more/further’. |
| 18 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 17 πλέον | cc | high | Introduces the comparative complement. |
| 19 | ἅπαξ | ἅπαξ | ADV | D--------- | _ | 25 ἐσίασι | advmod | high | Frequency adverb, ‘once’. |
| 20 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 21 ἔτος | case | high | |
| 21 | ἔτος | ἔτος | NOUN | N-----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἐσίασι | obl | high | Accusative with κατά, expressing yearly recurrence. |
| 22 | ἕκαστον | ἕκαστος | ADJ | A-----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 21 ἔτος | amod | high | Modifies ἔτος. |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 24 αὐτὸ | case | high | |
| 24 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | PX----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 25 ἐσίασι | obl | high | Reflexive/identity pronoun referring to the sanctuary. |
| 25 | ἐσίασι | εἴσειμι | VERB | V-PIA3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 9 ἐστὶν | conj | medium | Present indicative 3pl of εἴσειμι; spelling ἐσίασι is a textual/orthographic variant. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
γυμνάσιον δὲ τῇ ἀγορᾷ συνεχὲς κατὰ ἡλίου δυσμάς ἐστιν ᾠκοδομημένον.
The sentence has a periphrastic perfect passive predicate ἐστιν ᾠκοδομημένον; συνεχές is predicative/depictive with the neuter subject γυμνάσιον, while τῇ ἀγορᾷ and κατὰ ἡλίου δυσμάς express spatial orientation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γυμνάσιον | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | N-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S---Df---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἀγορᾷ | det | high | |
| 4 | ἀγορᾷ | ἀγορά | NOUN | N-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 συνεχὲς | obl | medium | Dative of location/adjacency with συνεχές. |
| 5 | συνεχὲς | συνεχής | ADJ | A-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 γυμνάσιον | amod | high | Predicate-like adjective agreeing with γυμνάσιον. |
| 6 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P-------- | _ | 8 δυσμάς | case | high | |
| 7 | ἡλίου | ἥλιος | NOUN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 δυσμάς | nmod | high | |
| 8 | δυσμάς | δυσμή | NOUN | N-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 συνεχὲς | obl | medium | κατὰ δυσμάς: directional/locative phrase, 'toward the west'; ἡλίου modifies δυσμάς. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ᾠκοδομημένον | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | V-srpena- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 9 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Perfect passive participle with εἰμί, forming a periphrastic predicate. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high |