Grammar parses for passage 8.33.1
Open translation for this passage
εἰ δὲ ἡ Μεγάλη πόλις προθυμίᾳ τε τῇ πάσῃ συνοικισθεῖσα ὑπὸ Ἀρκάδων καὶ ἐπὶ μεγίσταις τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἐλπίσιν ἐς αὐτὴν κόσμον τὸν ἅπαντα καὶ εὐδαιμονίαν τὴν ἀρχαίαν ἀφῄρηται καὶ τὰ πολλά ἐστιν αὐτῆς ἐρείπια ἐφʼ ἡμῶν, θαῦμα οὐδὲν ἐποιησάμην, εἰδὼς τὸ δαιμόνιον νεώτερα ἀεί τινα ἐθέλον ἐργάζεσθαι, καὶ ὁμοίως τὰ πάντα τά τε ἐχυρὰ καὶ τὰ ἀσθενῆ καὶ τὰ γινόμενά τε καὶ ὁπόσα ἀπόλλυνται μεταβάλλουσαν τὴν τύχην, καὶ ὅπως ἂν αὐτῇ παριστῆται μετὰ ἰσχυρᾶς ἀνάγκης ἄγουσαν.
The conditional protasis runs through ἐφʼ ἡμῶν; ἀφῄρηται is perfect middle/passive, with ἡ Μεγάλη πόλις as subject. The participial chain after εἰδώς describes the divine power and governs ἐποιησάμην semantically; coordination and attachment in the final participles are somewhat compressed and marked low where uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 40 ἐποιησάμην | mark | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 40 ἐποιησάμην | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πόλις | det | high | |
| 4 | Μεγάλη | μέγας | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πόλις | amod | high | |
| 5 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἀφῄρηται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 6 | προθυμίᾳ | προθυμία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 συνοικισθεῖσα | obl | medium | Instrumental or modal dative. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 προθυμίᾳ | cc | medium | Pairs loosely with καί at token 13. |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 πάσῃ | det | high | |
| 9 | πάσῃ | πᾶς | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 προθυμίᾳ | amod | high | |
| 10 | συνοικισθεῖσα | συνοικίζω | VERB | V-APP-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 28 ἀφῄρηται | advcl | high | Aorist passive participle agreeing with πόλις. |
| 11 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 Ἀρκάδων | case | high | |
| 12 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 συνοικισθεῖσα | obl:agent | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 συνοικισθεῖσα | cc | medium | Coordinates the second participial/oblique phrase. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 ἐλπίσιν | case | high | |
| 15 | μεγίσταις | μέγας | ADJ | A-DPF | Case=Dat|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 ἐλπίσιν | amod | high | |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Ἑλλήνων | det | high | |
| 17 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 μεγίσταις | nmod | high | |
| 18 | ἐλπίσιν | ἐλπίς | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 συνοικισθεῖσα | obl | medium | Dative with ἐπί; scope of the participial description is compressed. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 20 αὐτὴν | case | high | |
| 20 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 21 κόσμον | obl | high | Refers to the city. |
| 21 | κόσμον | κόσμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἀφῄρηται | obj | medium | Coordinated accusative object with εὐδαιμονίαν. |
| 22 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἅπαντα | det | high | |
| 23 | ἅπαντα | ἅπας | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 κόσμον | amod | high | |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 εὐδαιμονίαν | cc | high | |
| 25 | εὐδαιμονίαν | εὐδαιμονία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἀφῄρηται | obj | high | Coordinated with κόσμον. |
| 26 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἀρχαίαν | det | high | |
| 27 | ἀρχαίαν | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 εὐδαιμονίαν | amod | high | |
| 28 | ἀφῄρηται | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 40 ἐποιησάμην | advcl | high | Perfect middle/passive, ‘has been deprived/lost’; protasis predicate. |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 32 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 30 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 πολλά | det | high | |
| 31 | πολλά | πολύς | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 34 ἐρείπια | amod | high | Substantivized: many parts/things. |
| 32 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 28 ἀφῄρηται | conj | high | Coordinates a second protasis predicate. |
| 33 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 34 ἐρείπια | nmod:poss | high | Possessor: of it/her. |
| 34 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 32 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 35 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 36 ἡμῶν | case | high | |
| 36 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-GP | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 32 ἐστιν | obl | high | Temporal ‘in our time’. |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 40 ἐποιησάμην | punct | high | |
| 38 | θαῦμα | θαῦμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 40 ἐποιησάμην | obj | high | Object of ἐποιησάμην in the idiom θαῦμα ποιεῖσθαι. |
| 39 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg | 38 θαῦμα | det | high | Adjectival negator modifying θαῦμα. |
| 40 | ἐποιησάμην | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 40 ἐποιησάμην | punct | high | |
| 42 | εἰδὼς | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 40 ἐποιησάμην | advcl | high | Perfect participle with present meaning ‘knowing’. |
| 43 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 44 δαιμόνιον | det | high | |
| 44 | δαιμόνιον | δαιμόνιον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 42 εἰδὼς | obj | high | Object of εἰδώς. |
| 45 | νεώτερα | νεώτερος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 48 ἐθέλον | obj | medium | Substantivized accusative plural, object of ἐργάζεσθαι. |
| 46 | ἀεί | ἀεί | ADV | ADV | _ | 48 ἐθέλον | advmod | high | |
| 47 | τινα | τις | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 45 νεώτερα | det | medium | Indefinite modifier of substantivized νεώτερα. |
| 48 | ἐθέλον | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PAP-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 44 δαιμόνιον | acl | low | Form is anomalous against expected agreement; likely participle governing infinitive, with δαιμόνιον as understood subject. |
| 49 | ἐργάζεσθαι | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 48 ἐθέλον | xcomp | high | |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 40 ἐποιησάμην | punct | high | |
| 51 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 52 ὁμοίως | cc | high | |
| 52 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | ADV | _ | 68 μεταβάλλουσαν | advmod | high | |
| 53 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 54 πάντα | det | high | |
| 54 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 68 μεταβάλλουσαν | obj | medium | Object shared by the following participial predicates. |
| 55 | τά | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 57 ἐχυρὰ | det | high | |
| 56 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 57 ἐχυρὰ | cc | high | |
| 57 | ἐχυρὰ | ἐχυρός | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 54 πάντα | conj | medium | Predicative/list adjective; exact coordination is compressed. |
| 58 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 60 ἀσθενῆ | cc | high | |
| 59 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 60 ἀσθενῆ | det | high | |
| 60 | ἀσθενῆ | ἀσθενής | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 54 πάντα | conj | medium | Contrasted with ἐχυρά. |
| 61 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 63 γινόμενά | cc | high | |
| 62 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 63 γινόμενά | det | high | |
| 63 | γινόμενά | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 54 πάντα | conj | high | |
| 64 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 63 γινόμενά | cc | high | |
| 65 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 67 ἀπόλλυνται | cc | high | |
| 66 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 67 ἀπόλλυνται | nsubj | high | |
| 67 | ἀπόλλυνται | ἀπόλλυμι | VERB | V-PMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 54 πάντα | conj | high | |
| 68 | μεταβάλλουσαν | μεταβάλλω | VERB | V-PAP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 52 ὁμοίως | advcl | low | Accusative feminine participle; likely agrees with understood τύχην or reflects a compressed construction. |
| 69 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 70 τύχην | det | high | |
| 70 | τύχην | τύχη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 68 μεταβάλλουσαν | obj | high | |
| 71 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 40 ἐποιησάμην | punct | high | |
| 72 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 80 ἄγουσαν | cc | medium | Coordinates the final participial phrase. |
| 73 | ὅπως | ὅπως | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 76 παριστῆται | mark | high | Introduces a modal/conditional subordinate clause. |
| 74 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 76 παριστῆται | aux | high | Modal particle. |
| 75 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 76 παριστῆται | iobj | high | Refers to τύχη. |
| 76 | παριστῆται | παρίστημι | VERB | V-PMS-3S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 80 ἄγουσαν | ccomp | medium | Subjunctive under ὅπως ἄν; subject is implicit/indefinite. |
| 77 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 79 ἀνάγκης | case | high | |
| 78 | ἰσχυρᾶς | ἰσχυρός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 79 ἀνάγκης | amod | high | |
| 79 | ἀνάγκης | ἀνάγκη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 80 ἄγουσαν | obl | high | |
| 80 | ἄγουσαν | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 40 ἐποιησάμην | advcl | low | Accusative feminine participle with difficult attachment; likely part of the compressed description of τύχη. |
| 81 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 40 ἐποιησάμην | punct | high |