Grammar parses for passage 8.33.3
Open translation for this passage
Βαβυλῶνος δὲ τοῦ μὲν Βήλου τὸ ἱερὸν λείπεται, Βαβυλῶνος δὲ ταύτης, ἥντινα εἶδε πόλεων τῶν τότε μεγίστην ἥλιος, οὐδὲν ἔτι ἦν εἰ μὴ τεῖχος, καθὰ καὶ Τίρυνθος τῆς ἐν τῇ Ἀργολίδι.
The sentence contrasts what remains of Babylon: the temple of Bel remains, whereas of the great Babylon nothing remains except a wall; the final καθὰ clause compares this with Tiryns in the Argolid. The genitive constructions and the elliptical comparative clause are somewhat non-canonical, so a few attachment choices are marked medium confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Βαβυλῶνος | Βαβυλών | PROPN | N----GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 λείπεται | nsubj:pass | high | Genitive subject with λείπεται: Babylon is left. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 λείπεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L----GS-M | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Βήλου | det | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 8 λείπεται | discourse | high | Correlative μέν anticipates the later δέ. |
| 5 | Βήλου | Βῆλος | PROPN | N----GS-M | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἱερὸν | det | high | |
| 7 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 λείπεται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of λείπεται. |
| 8 | λείπεται | λείπω | VERB | V3SPI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 24 ἦν | parataxis | medium | Main verb of the first clause; linked paratactically to the later ἦν clause. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 λείπεται | punct | high | |
| 10 | Βαβυλῶνος | Βαβυλών | PROPN | N----GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἦν | nsubj | high | Genitive of the whole/possessive construction with ἦν. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 12 | ταύτης | οὗτος | PRON | P--GFS-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 10 Βαβυλῶνος | appos | medium | Resumptive/appositional genitive referring to Babylon. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ταύτης | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἥντινα | ὅστις | PRON | P--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 15 εἶδε | obj | high | Relative object of εἶδε. |
| 15 | εἶδε | ὁράω | VERB | V3SAI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 μεγίστην | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying ταύτης/Βαβυλῶνος. |
| 16 | πόλεων | πόλις | NOUN | N----GPF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 μεγίστην | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with μεγίστην. |
| 17 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L----GPF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 πόλεων | det | high | |
| 18 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 19 μεγίστην | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 19 | μεγίστην | μέγας | ADJ | A----ASF- | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 εἶδε | predicative | medium | Predicative accusative with εἶδε: saw it as the greatest. |
| 20 | ἥλιος | ἥλιος | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 εἶδε | nsubj | high | Subject of εἶδε. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 εἶδε | punct | high | |
| 22 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | P---NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 24 ἦν | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative subject: nothing. |
| 23 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 24 ἦν | advmod | high | Still/no longer, depending on scope of μὴ. |
| 24 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SII-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb: nothing remained/was left. |
| 25 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 27 τεῖχος | mark | medium | Part of the idiom εἰ μὴ, ‘except/if not’. |
| 26 | μὴ | μή | PART | T-------- | Polarity=Neg | 27 τεῖχος | advmod | high | Negative particle in εἰ μὴ τεῖχος. |
| 27 | τεῖχος | τεῖχος | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἦν | obl | medium | Exception phrase: except a wall; case is nominative in the transmitted wording. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 29 | καθὰ | καθά | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 31 Τίρυνθος | mark | high | Comparative subordinator, ‘just as’. |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 31 Τίρυνθος | cc | high | |
| 31 | Τίρυνθος | Τίρυνς | PROPN | N----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἦν | conj | high | Comparative nominal clause coordinated with the main assertion. |
| 32 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 Τίρυνθος | det | high | |
| 33 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 35 Ἀργολίδι | case | high | |
| 34 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 Ἀργολίδι | det | high | |
| 35 | Ἀργολίδι | Ἀργολίς | PROPN | N----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 Τίρυνθος | nmod | high | Locative phrase modifying Τίρυνθος. |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἦν | punct | high |
ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ἐποίησεν ὁ δαίμων εἶναι τὸ μηδέν·
The clause is analyzed as ταῦτα subject and ὁ δαίμων agent-like subject of the infinitive construction dependent on ἐποίησεν; τὸ μηδέν is the predicate accusative with εἶναι, though the exact semantic force of ἐποίησεν εἶναι is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | RD---NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 1 ταῦτα | discourse | high | Correlative particle; the expected δέ may be outside the supplied sentence. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G--------- | _ | 4 ἐποίησεν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist indicative active. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 δαίμων | det | high | |
| 6 | δαίμων | δαίμων | NOUN | N-----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Subject of the infinitive εἶναι in an accusative-and-infinitive-like complement. |
| 7 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V---PAN--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐποίησεν | xcomp | high | |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 μηδέν | det | high | Article substantivizing μηδέν. |
| 9 | μηδέν | μηδείς | PRON | A--NSN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 7 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Substantivized neuter μηδέν, functioning as the predicate complement of εἶναι; predicate nominative under the infinitive. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐποίησεν | punct | high |
ἡ δὲ Ἀλεξάνδρου πόλις ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ καὶ ἡ Σελεύκου παρὰ τῷ Ὀρόντῃ χθές τε ᾠκισμέναι καὶ πρῴην ἐς τοσοῦτο ἐπιδεδώκασι μεγέθους καὶ εὐδαιμονίας, ὅτι σφᾶς ἡ τύχη δεξιοῦται.
The two city subjects coordinate under the plural main verb ἐπιδεδώκασι; ᾠκισμέναι is a coordinated temporal participial clause, while ὅτι introduces the causal clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S---NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πόλις | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἐπιδεδώκασι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | S---MG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 πόλις | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 4 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | S---NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ᾠκισμέναι | nsubj | high | First coordinated city subject. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Αἰγύπτῳ | case | high | |
| 6 | Αἰγύπτῳ | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | S---LF-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πόλις | nmod | high | Locative complement of πόλις. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἡ | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S---NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ᾠκισμέναι | det | high | |
| 9 | Σελεύκου | Σέλευκος | PROPN | S---MG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἡ | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 10 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Ὀρόντῃ | case | high | |
| 11 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S---MD-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ὀρόντῃ | det | high | |
| 12 | Ὀρόντῃ | Ὀρόντης | PROPN | S---MD-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἡ | nmod | high | Place-name with παρά + dative. |
| 13 | χθές | χθές | ADV | D-------- | _ | 15 ᾠκισμέναι | advmod | high | Adverbial temporal modifier. |
| 14 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 καὶ | cc | high | Correlative connective with καί. |
| 15 | ᾠκισμέναι | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-RPMP-NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 20 ἐπιδεδώκασι | advcl | medium | Perfect passive participle, agreeing with the two cities; temporal/concessive participial clause. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 πρῴην | cc | high | Pairs with τε in τε καί. |
| 17 | πρῴην | πρῴην | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 ἐπιδεδώκασι | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 τοσοῦτο | case | high | |
| 19 | τοσοῦτο | τοσοῦτος | PRON | S---NA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἐπιδεδώκασι | obl | high | Extent/result expression with ἐς. |
| 20 | ἐπιδεδώκασι | ἐπιδίδωμι | VERB | V-RAA3-P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate; plural subject is the two cities. |
| 21 | μεγέθους | μέγεθος | NOUN | S---NG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἐπιδεδώκασι | obl | high | Genitive of respect/extent. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 εὐδαιμονίας | cc | high | |
| 23 | εὐδαιμονίας | εὐδαιμονία | NOUN | S---GF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐπιδεδώκασι | conj | high | Coordinated genitive with μεγέθους. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐπιδεδώκασι | punct | high | |
| 25 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 29 δεξιοῦται | mark | high | Introduces a causal clause. |
| 26 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P---AF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 29 δεξιοῦται | obj | high | Object of δεξιοῦται; refers to the cities. |
| 27 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S---NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 τύχη | det | high | |
| 28 | τύχη | τύχη | NOUN | S---NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 δεξιοῦται | nsubj | high | |
| 29 | δεξιοῦται | δεξιόω | VERB | V-PAI3-S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 20 ἐπιδεδώκασι | advcl | high | Causal subordinate predicate. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐπιδεδώκασι | punct | high |