Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 8.36.5

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Passage 8.36.5

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed

92Greek tokens

3,207input tokens

7,107output tokens

Sentence 1

8.36.5 sentence 1

Tokens: 29
Input: 864
Output: 2,172
Total: 3,036

Μεγαλοπολίταις δὲ διὰ τῶν ἐπὶ τὸ ἕλος ὀνομαζομένων πυλῶν, διὰ τούτων ὁδεύουσιν ἐς Μαίναλον παρὰ τὸν ποταμὸν τὸν Ἑλισσόντα ἔστι τῆς ὁδοῦ ἐν ἀριστερᾷ Ἀγαθοῦ θεοῦ ναός·

The sentence has an initial dative of reference, a preposed route phrase, and a main verb with an implied subject; ἔστι introduces the later locative clause, with ναός as its subject. The participle ὀνομαζομένων modifies πυλῶν and takes the ἐπί phrase.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Μεγαλοπολίταις	Μεγαλοπολίτης	PROPN	Nb-DatP	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur	13 ὁδεύουσιν	iobj	high	Dative of reference/indirect object with ὁδεύουσιν.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	Cj	_	13 ὁδεύουσιν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	διὰ	διά	ADP	R-Gen	_	9 πυλῶν	case	high	With genitive, marking route through the gates.
4	τῶν	ὁ	DET	S---GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 πυλῶν	det	high	Article agreeing with πυλῶν.
5	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R-Acc	_	7 ἕλος	case	high	With accusative, expressing direction toward the marsh.
6	τὸ	ὁ	DET	S---N-S-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	7 ἕλος	det	high	Article agreeing with ἕλος.
7	ἕλος	ἕλος	NOUN	Nb-AccS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 ὀνομαζομένων	obl	high	Object of ἐπί within the participial modifier.
8	ὀνομαζομένων	ὀνομάζω	VERB	Vmppgpf	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	9 πυλῶν	acl	high	Present passive participle modifying πυλῶν; ‘called/named’.
9	πυλῶν	πύλη	NOUN	Nb-GenP	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	11 διὰ	obl	high	Object of the first διά phrase; governs the participial modifier.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 ὁδεύουσιν	punct	high
11	διὰ	διά	ADP	R-Gen	_	12 τούτων	case	high	With genitive τούτων, marking passage through these.
12	τούτων	οὗτος	PRON	Pd-Gpn	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	13 ὁδεύουσιν	obl	high	Demonstrative genitive complement of διά.
13	ὁδεύουσιν	ὁδεύω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main finite verb; subject is implicit or contextually supplied.
14	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R-Acc	_	15 Μαίναλον	case	high	Directional preposition.
15	Μαίναλον	Μαίναλος	PROPN	Nb-AccS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ὁδεύουσιν	obl	high	Destination of ὁδεύουσιν.
16	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	R-Acc	_	18 ποταμὸν	case	high	With accusative, indicating movement along/beside the river.
17	τὸν	ὁ	DET	S---AMS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 ποταμὸν	det	high	Article agreeing with ποταμόν.
18	ποταμὸν	ποταμός	NOUN	Nb-AccS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ὁδεύουσιν	obl	high	Object of παρά.
19	τὸν	ὁ	DET	S---AMS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 Ἑλισσόντα	det	high	Article introducing the attributive name.
20	Ἑλισσόντα	Ἑλισσών	PROPN	Nb-AccS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 ποταμὸν	appos	high	Proper-name apposition to ποταμόν.
21	ἔστι	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	13 ὁδεύουσιν	parataxis	medium	Locative existential clause following the travel statement.
22	τῆς	ὁ	DET	S---GFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 ὁδοῦ	det	high	Article agreeing with ὁδοῦ.
23	ὁδοῦ	ὁδός	NOUN	Nb-GenS	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 ἀριστερᾷ	obl	high	Genitive of relation with ἀριστερᾷ: ‘on the left of the road’.
24	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R-Dat	_	25 ἀριστερᾷ	case	high	Locative preposition.
25	ἀριστερᾷ	ἀριστερός	ADJ	Afp-DatS	Case=Dat\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 ἔστι	obl	high	Substantivized feminine adjective, ‘left side’; complement of ἐν.
26	Ἀγαθοῦ	ἀγαθός	ADJ	Afp-Gms	Case=Gen\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	27 θεοῦ	amod	high	Adjective modifying θεοῦ in the divine name.
27	θεοῦ	θεός	NOUN	Nb-GenS	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	28 ναός	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ναός: temple of the Good God.
28	ναός	ναός	NOUN	Nb-NomS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 ἔστι	nsubj	high	Subject of existential ἔστι.
29	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	13 ὁδεύουσιν	punct	high

Sentence 2

8.36.5 sentence 2

Tokens: 27
Input: 841
Output: 2,034
Total: 2,875

εἰ δὲ ἀγαθῶν οἱ θεοὶ δοτῆρές εἰσιν ἀνθρώποις, Ζεὺς δὲ ὕπατος θεῶν ἐστιν, ἑπόμενος ἄν τις τῷ λόγῳ τὴν ἐπίκλησιν ταύτην Διὸς τεκμαίροιτο εἶναι.

Conditional premise with εἰσιν; ἑπόμενος ἄν τις ... τεκμαίροιτο is a generic/ संभावitional inference, with τὴν ἐπίκλησιν ταύτην as the accusative subject of εἶναι and Διὸς as its genitive complement.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	εἰ	εἰ	SCONJ	CONJ	PronType=Rel	7 εἰσιν	mark	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	7 εἰσιν	cc	high
3	ἀγαθῶν	ἀγαθός	ADJ	A-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	6 δοτῆρές	obj	high	Substantivized neuter plural: ‘good things’.
4	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NPM	Case=Nom\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 θεοὶ	det	high
5	θεοὶ	θεός	NOUN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 δοτῆρές	nsubj	high
6	δοτῆρές	δοτήρ	NOUN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 εἰσιν	xcomp	medium	Predicate noun with εἰσιν; governs genitive ἀγαθῶν and dative ἀνθρώποις.
7	εἰσιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PIA-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	25 τεκμαίροιτο	advcl	high	Verb of the εἰ-clause.
8	ἀνθρώποις	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 δοτῆρές	iobj	high
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 εἰσιν	punct	high
10	Ζεὺς	Ζεύς	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 ἐστιν	nsubj	high
11	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 ἐστιν	cc	high
12	ὕπατος	ὕπατος	ADJ	A-NSM	Case=Nom\|Degree=Superl\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 ἐστιν	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective.
13	θεῶν	θεός	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 ὕπατος	obl	high	Partitive genitive with ὕπατος.
14	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PIA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	25 τεκμαίροιτο	conj	high	Second coordinated premise.
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 ἐστιν	punct	high
16	ἑπόμενος	ἕπομαι	VERB	V-PMP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	25 τεκμαίροιτο	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle, ‘following the argument’.
17	ἄν	ἄν	PART	PART	Polarity=Pos	25 τεκμαίροιτο	aux	high	Modal particle with optative.
18	τις	τις	PRON	P-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	25 τεκμαίροιτο	nsubj	high
19	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DSM	Case=Dat\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 λόγῳ	det	high
20	λόγῳ	λόγος	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 ἑπόμενος	obl	high	Dative with ἑπόμενος: ‘following the argument’.
21	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 ἐπίκλησιν	det	high
22	ἐπίκλησιν	ἐπίκλησις	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 τεκμαίροιτο	obj	high	Accusative object of τεκμαίροιτο in the raising/predicate construction.
23	ταύτην	οὗτος	DET	D-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	22 ἐπίκλησιν	det	high	Demonstrative modifying ἐπίκλησιν.
24	Διὸς	Ζεύς	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	26 εἶναι	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on εἶναι, ‘of Zeus’.
25	τεκμαίροιτο	τεκμαίρομαι	VERB	V-OPM-3S	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Potential optative with ἄν.
26	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V-PNA	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	25 τεκμαίροιτο	xcomp	high	Infinitive complement; τὴν ἐπίκλησιν is its accusative subject and Διὸς its genitive complement.
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	25 τεκμαίροιτο	punct	high

Sentence 3

8.36.5 sentence 3

Tokens: 19
Input: 755
Output: 1,581
Total: 2,336

προελθόντι δὲ οὐ πολὺ ἔστι μὲν γῆς χῶμα Ἀριστοδήμου τάφος, ὃν οὐδὲ τυραννοῦντα ἀφείλοντο μὴ ἐπονομάσαι Χρηστόν.

The dative participle προελθόντι is an absolute temporal frame (‘when one has gone forward’); ἔστι introduces the nominal predicate χῶμα, with τάφος as a second appositional/predicative description. The relative clause has ὃν as object of ἀφείλοντο, with τυραννοῦντα agreeing with its understood antecedent and μὴ ἐπονομάσαι expressing the prevented naming as Χρηστόν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	προελθόντι	προέρχομαι	VERB	VPAP-SDM	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masculine\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Singular\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	5 ἔστι	advcl	medium	Temporal dative participle, probably absolute; subject is understood person.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	_	_	5 ἔστι	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	οὐ	οὐ	PART	_	Polarity=Neg	5 ἔστι	advmod	high	Negates the following adverbial phrase/predicate.
4	πολὺ	πολύς	ADV	_	Degree=Pos	5 ἔστι	advmod	high	Adverbial accusative, ‘not far/much’.
5	ἔστι	εἰμί	VERB	VPAI3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Existential/copular predicate.
6	μὲν	μέν	PART	_	_	5 ἔστι	discourse	high	Correlative particle, with no corresponding δέ in this sentence.
7	γῆς	γῆ	NOUN	NCG-SF	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	8 χῶμα	nmod	high	Material/content genitive with χῶμα.
8	χῶμα	χῶμα	NOUN	NCN-SN	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	5 ἔστι	nsubj	high	Nominative subject of ἔστι.
9	Ἀριστοδήμου	Ἀριστόδημος	PROPN	NP-GSM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	10 τάφος	nmod:poss	high	Possessive genitive with τάφος.
10	τάφος	τάφος	NOUN	NCN-SN	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	8 χῶμα	appos	medium	Appositional second description of χῶμα; form is nominative singular masculine.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	5 ἔστι	punct	high
12	ὃν	ὅς	PRON	RR-AM-S	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular\|PronType=Rel	15 ἀφείλοντο	obj	high	Relative pronoun, object of ἀφείλοντο; antecedent is τάφος.
13	οὐδὲ	οὐδέ	CCONJ	_	Polarity=Neg	15 ἀφείλοντο	advmod	medium	Negative additive adverb, ‘not even’.
14	τυραννοῦντα	τυραννέω	VERB	VPAP-ASM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masculine\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Singular\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Active	15 ἀφείλοντο	advcl	medium	Concessive/modal participle, ‘although he was tyrant’; agrees with understood male referent, not neuter ὃν.
15	ἀφείλοντο	ἀφαιρέω	VERB	VAMI3P	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Plural\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Middle	5 ἔστι	acl:relcl	high	Relative-clause predicate; middle means ‘they deprived/took away from him’.
16	μὴ	μή	PART	_	Polarity=Neg	17 ἐπονομάσαι	advmod	high	Negates the infinitive.
17	ἐπονομάσαι	ἐπονομάζω	VERB	VAAI	Mood=Infinitive\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	15 ἀφείλοντο	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive after ἀφείλοντο, ‘to name/call by the epithet’.
18	Χρηστόν	χρηστός	ADJ	AASM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	17 ἐπονομάσαι	obj	high	Predicative accusative complement with ἐπονομάσαι.
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	5 ἔστι	punct	high

Sentence 4

8.36.5 sentence 4

Tokens: 17
Input: 747
Output: 1,320
Total: 2,067

ἔστι δὲ Ἀθηνᾶς ἱερὸν ἐπίκλησιν Μαχανίτιδος, ὅτι βουλευμάτων ἐστὶν ἡ θεὸς παντοίων καὶ ἐπιτεχνημάτων εὑρέτις.

The first clause is an existential construction: ἱερόν is the predicate noun and Ἀθηνᾶς a genitive dependent on it; ἐπίκλησιν Μαχανίτιδος is an accusative of respect/name. In the ὅτι-clause, ἡ θεός is the subject and εὑρέτις the predicate nominative, with genitives dependent on εὑρέτις.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἔστι	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	4 ἱερὸν	cop	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	--------	_	4 ἱερὸν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	Ἀθηνᾶς	Ἀθηνᾶ	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 ἱερὸν	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent on ἱερόν, expressing the deity to whom the sanctuary belongs.
4	ἱερὸν	ἱερός	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	high	Predicate/existential noun.
5	ἐπίκλησιν	ἐπίκλησις	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 ἱερὸν	obl	medium	Accusative of respect, ‘in appellation/name’.
6	Μαχανίτιδος	Μαχανῖτις	PROPN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 ἐπίκλησιν	appos	medium	Name/appellation agreeing with ἐπίκλησιν; orthography and accent may vary.
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἱερὸν	punct	high
8	ὅτι	ὅτι	SCONJ	--------	_	16 εὑρέτις	mark	high	Introduces the explanatory clause.
9	βουλευμάτων	βούλευμα	NOUN	N-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	16 εὑρέτις	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on εὑρέτις.
10	ἐστὶν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	16 εὑρέτις	cop	high
11	ἡ	ὁ	DET	T-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 θεὸς	det	high
12	θεὸς	θεός	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 εὑρέτις	nsubj	high	Subject of the copular clause.
13	παντοίων	παντοῖος	ADJ	A-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	9 βουλευμάτων	amod	high	Modifies βουλευμάτων.
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	--------	_	15 ἐπιτεχνημάτων	cc	high
15	ἐπιτεχνημάτων	ἐπιτέχνημα	NOUN	N-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	16 εὑρέτις	conj	high	Coordinated with βουλευμάτων.
16	εὑρέτις	εὑρέτις	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 ἱερὸν	parataxis	medium	Predicate nominative of the embedded copular clause; the ὅτι-clause explains the name Μαχανῖτις.
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἱερὸν	punct	high

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