Grammar parses for passage 8.37.10
Open translation for this passage
ὑπὲρ δὲ τὸ καλούμενον Μέγαρόν ἐστιν ἄλσος τῆς Δεσποίνης ἱερὸν θριγκῷ λίθων περιεχόμενον, ἐντὸς δὲ αὐτοῦ δένδρα καὶ ἄλλα καὶ ἐλαία καὶ πρῖνος ἐκ ῥίζης μιᾶς πεφύκασι·
The first clause describes a grove as sacred to Despoina and enclosed by a stone wall; the second states that trees, including an olive and holm oak, grow from one root. The accusative participle περιεχόμενον is syntactically irregular against nominative ἄλσος, so its attachment is marked with caution.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ἐστιν | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 καλούμενον | det | high | |
| 4 | καλούμενον | καλέω | VERB | V-PPP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 5 Μέγαρόν | acl | high | |
| 5 | Μέγαρόν | Μέγαρον | PROPN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | obl | medium | Place name governed by ὑπέρ; article and participle form its nominal phrase. |
| 6 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Δεσποίνης | det | high | |
| 9 | Δεσποίνης | Δέσποινα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | |
| 10 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἄλσος | amod | high | Predicative/descriptive adjective agreeing with ἄλσος. |
| 11 | θριγκῷ | θριγκός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 περιεχόμενον | obl | high | Means/instrument with περιεχόμενον. |
| 12 | λίθων | λίθος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 θριγκῷ | nmod | high | |
| 13 | περιεχόμενον | περιέχω | VERB | V-PPP-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 7 ἄλσος | acl | high | Attributive participle agreeing with ἄλσος; accusative form is difficult in the transmitted syntax. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADV | ADV | _ | 18 δένδρα | advmod | high | Adverb with genitive αὐτοῦ. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 δένδρα | cc | high | |
| 17 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 15 ἐντὸς | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐντός, referring to the grove/sanctuary. |
| 18 | δένδρα | δένδρον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 πεφύκασι | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἄλλα | cc | high | |
| 20 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 δένδρα | conj | medium | Substantivized adjective, coordinated with δένδρα. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἐλαία | cc | high | |
| 22 | ἐλαία | ἐλαία | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 πεφύκασι | nsubj | medium | Coordinated subject in a mixed-number nominal series. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 πρῖνος | cc | high | |
| 24 | πρῖνος | πρῖνος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἐλαία | conj | high | |
| 25 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 26 ῥίζης | case | high | |
| 26 | ῥίζης | ῥίζα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 πεφύκασι | obl | high | Prepositional complement modifying the manner/origin of growth. |
| 27 | μιᾶς | εἷς | NUM | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Sing | 26 ῥίζης | amod | high | |
| 28 | πεφύκασι | φύω | VERB | V-RAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 6 ἐστιν | parataxis | high | Second finite clause coordinated/paratactically attached to the first. |
| 29 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τοῦτο οὐ γεωργοῦ σοφίας ἐστὶν ἔργον.
τοῦτο is the neuter nominative subject/predicate nominal of ἐστίν; ἔργον is the nominative predicate noun, with γεωργοῦ and σοφίας forming a genitival description (‘of a farmer’s wisdom’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | RD--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 ἔργον | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | DX | Polarity=Neg | 5 ἐστὶν | advmod | high | |
| 3 | γεωργοῦ | γεωργός | NOUN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 σοφίας | nmod | medium | Dependent genitive within the phrase σοφίας γεωργοῦ, ‘a farmer’s wisdom’. |
| 4 | σοφίας | σοφία | NOUN | N--GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἔργον | nmod | high | Genitive of characteristic/description modifying ἔργον. |
| 5 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | N--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστὶν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with copular εἰμί. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
ὑπὲρ δὲ τὸ ἄλσος καὶ Ἱππίου Ποσειδῶνος, ἅτε πατρὸς τῆς Δεσποίνης, καὶ θεῶν ἄλλων εἰσὶ βωμοί·
Existential εἰσὶ has postposed subject βωμοί; ὑπὲρ governs the coordinated τό ἄλσος and Ποσειδῶνος phrase. ἅτε introduces a causal explanatory genitive relation, with πατρὸς agreeing semantically with Poseidon; the apposition is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 4 ἄλσος | case | high | Preposition governing accusative ἄλσος; coordination extends its scope to Ποσειδῶνος. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 17 εἰσὶ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἄλσος | det | high | Article with neuter nominative/accusative singular ἄλσος; syntactic case is ambiguous in isolation, likely accusative under ὑπὲρ. |
| 4 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 εἰσὶ | obl | high | Object of ὑπὲρ. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἄλσος | cc | high | Coordinates the second element of the prepositional phrase. |
| 6 | Ἱππίου | Ἵππιος | ADJ | A-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ποσειδῶνος | amod | high | Epithet modifying Ποσειδῶνος. |
| 7 | Ποσειδῶνος | Ποσειδών | PROPN | NP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἄλσος | conj | medium | Coordinated genitive name; the construction is elliptical/compressed, with ὑπὲρ understood or extended to this phrase. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἅτε | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 10 πατρὸς | mark | high | Causal/explanatory subordinator introducing the participial-like nominal explanation. |
| 10 | πατρὸς | πατήρ | NOUN | N-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ποσειδῶνος | appos | medium | Genitive predicate/appositional noun, ‘as father’; linked to Poseidon in the compressed ἅτε construction. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-SGF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Δεσποίνης | det | high | Article with Δεσποίνης. |
| 12 | Δεσποίνης | Δέσποινα | PROPN | NP-SGF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 πατρὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πατρὸς. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἅτε | punct | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 θεῶν | cc | high | Coordinates θεῶν ἄλλων with the preceding genitive phrase. |
| 15 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἄλλων | obl | medium | Genitive dependent within the second compressed prepositional phrase; exact attachment is elliptical. |
| 16 | ἄλλων | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 θεῶν | amod | high | Modifies θεῶν. |
| 17 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular finite verb. |
| 18 | βωμοί | βωμός | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 εἰσὶ | nsubj | high | Postposed nominative subject of εἰσὶ. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 εἰσὶ | punct | high |
τῷ τελευταίῳ δὲ ἐπίγραμμά ἐστι θεοῖς αὐτὸν τοῖς πᾶσιν εἶναι κοινόν.
The dative τῷ τελευταίῳ is an idiomatic frame ('in the final [epigram]'); ἐπίγραμμά ἐστι governs an articular infinitival content clause, with θεοῖς as the dative complement of κοινόν and αὐτόν as the accusative subject of εἶναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 τελευταίῳ | det | high | |
| 2 | τελευταίῳ | τελευταῖος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστι | obl | high | Dative framing the final epigram. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐστι | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ἐπίγραμμά | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | θεοῖς | θεός | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 κοινόν | obl | high | Dative complement of κοινόν. |
| 7 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 10 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 8 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 πᾶσιν | det | high | Article with the substantivized adjective πᾶσιν. |
| 9 | πᾶσιν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Tot | 11 κοινόν | obl | high | Articular dative plural, likely 'all [things]'; agrees with κοινόν. |
| 10 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐπίγραμμά | xcomp | high | Articular infinitival content clause; infinitive is governed by ἐπίγραμμά ἐστι. |
| 11 | κοινόν | κοινός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 εἶναι | pred | medium | Predicative adjective in the infinitival clause; agreement with implied neuter subject τὸ ... πᾶν/πᾶσιν is syntactically compressed. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστι | punct | high |