Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 8.38.10

Sentence 1

8.38.10 sentence 1

Tokens: 49
Input: 1,072
Output: 3,455
Total: 4,527

τὸν μέν γε ἐπὶ τὰς Ἐχινάδας κατιόντα Ἀχελῷον διὰ τῆς Ἀκαρνάνων καὶ διʼ Αἰτωλίας ἔφησεν ἐν Ἰλιάδι Ὅμηρος ποταμῶν τῶν πάντων ἄρχοντα εἶναι, ἕτερον δὲ Ἀχελῷον ῥέοντα ἐκ Σιπύλου τοῦ ὄρους ἐποιήσατο αὐτόν τε τὸν ποταμὸν καὶ τὸ ὄρος τὸν Σίπυλον τοῦ λόγου προσθήκην τοῦ ἐς Νιόβην·

The sentence has two coordinated accusative subjects (Ἀχελῷον ... and ἕτερον ... Ἀχελῷον) governed by ἔφησεν with complementary εἶναι; in the second clause ἐποιήσατο takes αὐτόν as object and τὸν ποταμὸν καὶ τὸ ὄρος as coordinated predicative accusatives, with τὸν Σίπυλον appositional to τὸ ὄρος. The attachment of τοῦ λόγου προσθήκην τοῦ ἐς Νιόβην is somewhat interpretive.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 Ἀχελῷον	det	high
2	μέν	μέν	PART	G-	_	8 Ἀχελῷον	discourse	high	Correlative particle.
3	γε	γε	PART	G-	_	2 μέν	advmod	high
4	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R-	_	6 Ἐχινάδας	case	high
5	τὰς	ὁ	DET	T-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	6 Ἐχινάδας	det	high
6	Ἐχινάδας	Ἐχινάδες	PROPN	Ne-Apf	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	7 κατιόντα	obl	high	Goal complement of κατιόντα.
7	κατιόντα	κάτειμι	VERB	V-PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	8 Ἀχελῷον	acl	high
8	Ἀχελῷον	Ἀχελῷος	PROPN	Ne-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ἔφησεν	obj	high	First accusative subject of reported εἶναι.
9	διὰ	διά	ADP	R-	_	11 Ἀκαρνάνων	case	high
10	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	11 Ἀκαρνάνων	det	high
11	Ἀκαρνάνων	Ἀκαρνάνες	PROPN	Ne-Gpf	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 κατιόντα	obl	high	Route phrase; token form is genitive plural.
12	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-	_	13 διʼ	cc	high
13	διʼ	διά	ADP	R-	_	14 Αἰτωλίας	case	high	Elided form of διά.
14	Αἰτωλίας	Αἰτωλία	PROPN	Ne-Gsf	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 κατιόντα	obl	high
15	ἔφησεν	φημί	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Finite reporting verb.
16	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R-	_	17 Ἰλιάδι	case	high
17	Ἰλιάδι	Ἰλιάς	PROPN	Ne-Lsf	Case=Loc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 ἔφησεν	obl	high	Work title in locative.
18	Ὅμηρος	Ὅμηρος	PROPN	Ne-Nsm	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ἔφησεν	nsubj	high
19	ποταμῶν	ποταμός	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	22 ἄρχοντα	nmod	high
20	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	21 πάντων	det	high
21	πάντων	πᾶς	ADJ	A-GPM	Case=Gen\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 ποταμῶν	amod	high
22	ἄρχοντα	ἄρχων	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Predicate accusative with εἶναι.
23	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V-PNA	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	15 ἔφησεν	xcomp	high	Infinitival complement of ἔφησεν.
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 ἔφησεν	punct	high
25	ἕτερον	ἕτερος	ADJ	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	27 Ἀχελῷον	amod	high	Substantivized adjective, second Achelous.
26	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C-	_	15 ἔφησεν	cc	high
27	Ἀχελῷον	Ἀχελῷος	PROPN	Ne-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	33 ἐποιήσατο	obj	high	Object of ἐποιήσατο; coordinated second subject in the narrative.
28	ῥέοντα	ῥέω	VERB	V-PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	27 Ἀχελῷον	acl	high
29	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	R-	_	30 Σιπύλου	case	high
30	Σιπύλου	Σίπυλος	PROPN	Ne-Gsm	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	28 ῥέοντα	obl	high
31	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	32 ὄρους	det	high
32	ὄρους	ὄρος	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	30 Σιπύλου	appos	medium	Appositional specification of Σιπύλου.
33	ἐποιήσατο	ποιέω	VERB	V-AMI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	15 ἔφησεν	conj	high	Second coordinated finite predicate.
34	αὐτόν	αὐτός	PRON	P-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	33 ἐποιήσατο	obj	high	Object, referring to Homer.
35	τε	τε	CCONJ	C-	_	36 τὸν	cc	high
36	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	37 ποταμὸν	det	high
37	ποταμὸν	ποταμός	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	33 ἐποιήσατο	xcomp	high	Predicative accusative; coordinated with τὸ ὄρος.
38	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-	_	40 ὄρος	cc	high
39	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	40 ὄρος	det	high
40	ὄρος	ὄρος	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	33 ἐποιήσατο	xcomp	high	Predicative accusative coordinated with ποταμόν.
41	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	42 Σίπυλον	det	high
42	Σίπυλον	Σίπυλος	PROPN	Ne-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	40 ὄρος	appos	high	Apposition to τὸ ὄρος.
43	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	44 λόγου	det	high
44	λόγου	λόγος	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	45 προσθήκην	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on προσθήκην.
45	προσθήκην	προσθήκη	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	33 ἐποιήσατο	xcomp	medium	Further predicative/resultative accusative; exact attachment is interpretive.
46	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	48 Νιόβην	det	high	Article with substantivized infinitive.
47	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R-	_	48 Νιόβην	case	high
48	Νιόβην	Νιόβη	PROPN	Ne-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	45 προσθήκην	nmod	medium	τοῦ ἐς Νιόβην: substantivized/elliptical phrase specifying the addition concerning Niobe.
49	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	15 ἔφησεν	punct	high

Sentence 2

8.38.10 sentence 2

Tokens: 14
Input: 685
Output: 1,078
Total: 1,763

τρίτῳ δʼ οὖν καὶ τῷ περὶ τὸ ὄρος τὸ Λύκαιόν ἐστιν ὄνομα Ἀχελῷος.

The sentence is an elliptical naming construction: τὸ τρίτον/τρίτῳ ... ὄνομα Ἀχελῷος ἐστίν, with τῷ περὶ τὸ ὄρος τὸ Λύκαιον modifying the understood referent; the case and attachment of τρίτῳ are somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τρίτῳ	τρίτος	ADJ	A--DSM	Case=Dat\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 ὄνομα	amod	low	Dative form is syntactically difficult; likely elliptical ordinal in a naming/listing construction.
2	δʼ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	12 ὄνομα	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	οὖν	οὖν	ADV	D--------	_	12 ὄνομα	advmod	high	Inferential particle/adverb.
4	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	13 Ἀχελῷος	cc	medium	Coordinates or adds the present naming clause.
5	τῷ	ὁ	DET	P----DSM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 ὄρος	det	high
6	περὶ	περί	ADP	R--------	_	8 ὄρος	case	high	With accusative τὸ ὄρος, forming a modifier of the understood/name referent.
7	τὸ	ὁ	DET	P----ASN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 ὄρος	det	high
8	ὄρος	ὄρος	NOUN	N--SAN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 ὄνομα	nmod	medium	Object of περί; the larger περί phrase modifies the naming expression.
9	τὸ	ὁ	DET	P----NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 Λύκαιόν	det	high
10	Λύκαιόν	Λύκαιος	PROPN	A--NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 ὄρος	appos	medium	Neuter proper-name adjective agreeing with ὄρος; token accent/form is retained exactly.
11	ἐστιν	εἰμί	VERB	V-PIA3S--	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Copular verb; the predicate nominative follows.
12	ὄνομα	ὄνομα	NOUN	N--NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	11 ἐστιν	nsubj	high	Naming-expression subject/predicate nominal with ἐστίν.
13	Ἀχελῷος	Ἀχελῷος	PROPN	N--NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 ὄνομα	appos	high	Proper name specifying the name.
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	11 ἐστιν	punct	high

Passage 8.38.10