Grammar parses for passage 8.38.2
Open translation for this passage
ἐν ἀριστερᾷ δὲ τοῦ ἱεροῦ τῆς Δεσποίνης τὸ ὄρος ἐστὶ τὸ Λύκαιον· καλοῦσι δὲ αὐτὸ καὶ Ὄλυμπον καὶ Ἱεράν γε ἕτεροι τῶν Ἀρκάδων κορυφήν.
Two clauses: τὸ ὄρος τὸ Λύκαιον is the subject with predicate ἐστὶ ἐν ἀριστερᾷ; καλοῦσι takes αὐτό as object and coordinated accusative names, while ἕτεροι τῶν Ἀρκάδων κορυφήν is an elliptical naming construction, interpreted as ‘others of the Arcadians [call it] a peak’; the attachment of κορυφήν is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 2 ἀριστερᾷ | case | high | |
| 2 | ἀριστερᾷ | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστὶ | obl | high | Substantivized: ‘on the left side’. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἐστὶ | cc | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἱεροῦ | det | high | |
| 5 | ἱεροῦ | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἀριστερᾷ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀριστερᾷ. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Δεσποίνης | det | high | |
| 7 | Δεσποίνης | Δέσποινα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἱεροῦ | nmod | high | Name of the deity. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ὄρος | det | high | |
| 9 | ὄρος | ὄρος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 Λύκαιον | det | high | |
| 12 | Λύκαιον | Λύκαιον | PROPN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστὶ | xcomp | high | Predicate/appositional name of ὄρος. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστὶ | punct | high | |
| 14 | καλοῦσι | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated clause; implied subject from ἕτεροι. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 καλοῦσι | cc | high | |
| 16 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-NSN-3S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 14 καλοῦσι | obj | high | |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 Ὄλυμπον | cc | high | |
| 18 | Ὄλυμπον | Ὄλυμπος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 καλοῦσι | xcomp | high | Accusative predicate/name with καλέω. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 Ἱεράν | cc | high | |
| 20 | Ἱεράν | Ἱερά | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 καλοῦσι | xcomp | high | Second accusative predicate/name with καλέω. |
| 21 | γε | γε | PART | X-------- | _ | 20 Ἱεράν | discourse | medium | Emphatic particle, attached to the immediately preceding name. |
| 22 | ἕτεροι | ἕτερος | PRON | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 καλοῦσι | nsubj | high | Explicit subject, postposed. |
| 23 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Ἀρκάδων | det | high | |
| 24 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἕτεροι | nmod | high | Partitive or relational genitive with ἕτεροι. |
| 25 | κορυφήν | κορυφή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 καλοῦσι | xcomp | medium | Elliptical third naming complement; syntactically could instead be appositional to the named mountain. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 καλοῦσι | punct | high |
τραφῆναι δὲ τὸν Δία φασὶν ἐν τῷ ὄρει τούτῳ· καὶ χώρα τέ ἐστιν ἐν τῷ Λυκαίῳ Κρητέα καλουμένη---αὕτη δὲ ἡ Κρητέα ἐστὶν ἐξ ἀριστερᾶς Ἀπόλλωνος ἄλσους ἐπίκλησιν Παρρασίου---
The final phrase is elliptical and textually awkward: ἐξ ἀριστερᾶς Ἀπόλλωνος ἄλσους and ἐπίκλησιν Παρρασίου are analyzed conservatively, with low confidence for the accusative ἐπίκλησιν attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τραφῆναι | τρέφω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Passive | 5 φασὶν | ccomp | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 φασὶν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Δία | det | high | |
| 4 | Δία | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 τραφῆναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of passive infinitive. |
| 5 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ὄρει | case | high | |
| 7 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ὄρει | det | high | |
| 8 | ὄρει | ὄρος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 τραφῆναι | obl | high | |
| 9 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | DET | D-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ὄρει | det | high | |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 φασὶν | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 12 | χώρα | χώρα | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | τέ | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 καὶ | cc | medium | Correlative enclitic coordination. |
| 14 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 φασὶν | conj | high | |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 Λυκαίῳ | case | high | |
| 16 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 Λυκαίῳ | det | high | |
| 17 | Λυκαίῳ | Λύκαιον | PROPN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | obl | high | |
| 18 | Κρητέα | Κρητέα | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 χώρα | appos | medium | Place-name in apposition to χώρα. |
| 19 | καλουμένη | καλέω | VERB | V-PPP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 18 Κρητέα | acl | high | |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 φασὶν | punct | high | |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 φασὶν | punct | high | |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 φασὶν | punct | high | |
| 23 | αὕτη | οὗτος | PRON | D-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 25 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 Κρητέα | det | high | |
| 26 | Κρητέα | Κρητέα | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 αὕτη | appos | high | |
| 27 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second coordinated copular clause. |
| 28 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 31 ἄλσους | case | high | |
| 29 | ἀριστερᾶς | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 ἄλσους | amod | high | Substantivized adjective, 'left side'. |
| 30 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἄλσους | nmod | high | |
| 31 | ἄλσους | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 ἐστὶν | obl | medium | Genitive phrase after ἐξ; article omitted in the supplied text. |
| 32 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἐστὶν | obl | low | Elliptical/idiomatic accusative; likely namesake designation, syntax uncertain. |
| 33 | Παρρασίου | Παρράσιος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ἐπίκλησιν | nmod | medium | Genitive ethnic/name adjective modifying ἐπίκλησιν; exact construction uncertain. |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
καὶ τὴν Κρήτην, ἔνθα ὁ Κρητῶν ἔχει λόγος τραφῆναι Δία, τὸ χωρίον τοῦτο εἶναι καὶ οὐ διὰ τὴν νῆσον ἀμφισβητοῦσιν οἱ Ἀρκάδες.
The sentence is syntactically compressed: Κρήτην is the object of ἀμφισβητοῦσιν, while ἔνθα ... τραφῆναι Δία is an explanatory relative clause; λόγος ἔχει is treated as an idiomatic construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 ἀμφισβητοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 Κρήτην | det | high | |
| 3 | Κρήτην | Κρήτη | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἀμφισβητοῦσιν | obj | high | Object of ἀμφισβητοῦσιν, with intervening explanatory clause. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 Κρήτην | punct | high | |
| 5 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | _ | PronType=Rel | 10 τραφῆναι | advmod | medium | Relative adverb introducing the explanatory clause. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 λόγος | det | high | |
| 7 | Κρητῶν | Κρής | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 λόγος | nmod | medium | Ethnic plural used substantivally: ‘the Cretans’. |
| 8 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 λόγος | conj | medium | Impersonal/idiomatic construction with λόγος. |
| 9 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 τραφῆναι | nsubj:pass | medium | Subject of passive infinitive τραφῆναι in the idiom λόγος ἔχει. |
| 10 | τραφῆναι | τρέφω | VERB | _ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 3 Κρήτην | acl:relcl | medium | Infinitive in the expression λόγος ἔχει τραφῆναι Δία. |
| 11 | Δία | Ζεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 τραφῆναι | obj | high | Accusative object of passive τραφῆναι, understood as the one reared. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 τραφῆναι | punct | high | |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 χωρίον | det | high | |
| 14 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Subject accusative is not required here; nominative subject of εἶναι in reported assertion. |
| 15 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 14 χωρίον | det | high | Demonstrative determiner agreeing with χωρίον. |
| 16 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 22 ἀμφισβητοῦσιν | xcomp | medium | Infinitive coordinated with the preceding assertion; exact scope of τὸ χωρίον τοῦτο is somewhat compressed. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 ἀμφισβητοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 18 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | Polarity=Neg | 22 ἀμφισβητοῦσιν | advmod | high | |
| 19 | διὰ | διά | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 21 νῆσον | case | high | |
| 20 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 νῆσον | det | high | |
| 21 | νῆσον | νῆσος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἀμφισβητοῦσιν | obl | high | Prepositional adjunct with διά. |
| 22 | ἀμφισβητοῦσιν | ἀμφισβητέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 23 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Ἀρκάδες | det | high | |
| 24 | Ἀρκάδες | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἀμφισβητοῦσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἀμφισβητοῦσιν | punct | high |