Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 8.38.4

← 8.38.3 8.38.5 →

Passage 8.38.4

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1,948input tokens

5,742output tokens

Sentence 1

8.38.4 sentence 1

Tokens: 47
Input: 1,030
Output: 3,268
Total: 4,298

ἢν δὲ αὐχμὸς χρόνον ἐπέχῃ πολὺν καὶ ἤδη σφίσι τὰ σπέρματα ἐν τῇ γῇ καὶ τὰ δένδρα αὐαίνηται, τηνικαῦτα ὁ ἱερεὺς τοῦ Λυκαίου Διὸς προσευξάμενος ἐς τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ θύσας ὁπόσα ἐστὶν αὐτῷ νόμος, καθίησι δρυὸς κλάδον ἐπιπολῆς καὶ οὐκ ἐς βάθος τῆς πηγῆς·

Conditional ἢν-clause governs the apodosis beginning τηνικαῦτα καθίησι; προσευξάμενος and θύσας are circumstantial aorist participles with the priest as subject. ὁπόσα ... νόμος is an idiomatic relative content construction, approximately 'whatever is customary for him'.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἢν	ἐάν	SCONJ	C	PronType=Rel	5 ἐπέχῃ	mark	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	5 ἐπέχῃ	cc	high
3	αὐχμὸς	αὐχμός	NOUN	N------NS-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 ἐπέχῃ	nsubj	high
4	χρόνον	χρόνος	NOUN	N------AS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 ἐπέχῃ	obl	high	Duration accusative.
5	ἐπέχῃ	ἐπέχω	VERB	V3P-SAI-	Mood=Sub\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	20 τηνικαῦτα	advcl	high	Aoristless present subjunctive in ἐάν-clause.
6	πολὺν	πολύς	ADJ	A-----AM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 χρόνον	amod	high
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	18 αὐαίνηται	cc	high
8	ἤδη	ἤδη	ADV	D---------	_	18 αὐαίνηται	advmod	high
9	σφίσι	σφεῖς	PRON	P---------	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	18 αὐαίνηται	iobj	medium	Dative of affected possessor/interest.
10	τὰ	ὁ	DET	L-----AN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	11 σπέρματα	det	high
11	σπέρματα	σπέρμα	NOUN	N-----AN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 αὐαίνηται	nsubj	high	Coordinated subject of αὐαίνηται.
12	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	14 γῇ	case	high
13	τῇ	ὁ	DET	L-----DS-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 γῇ	det	high
14	γῇ	γῆ	NOUN	N-----DS-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 σπέρματα	nmod	high	Locative adjunct associated with σπέρματα/with the drying context.
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	17 δένδρα	cc	high
16	τὰ	ὁ	DET	L-----AN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	17 δένδρα	det	high
17	δένδρα	δένδρον	NOUN	N-----AN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 αὐαίνηται	nsubj	high	Coordinated subject.
18	αὐαίνηται	αὐαίνω	VERB	V3S-SMI-	Mood=Sub\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	5 ἐπέχῃ	conj	high	Middle/passive-form subjunctive; singular agrees with neuter plural subjects.
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	5 ἐπέχῃ	punct	high
20	τηνικαῦτα	τηνικαῦτα	ADV	D---------	_	37 καθίησι	advmod	high	Apodotic temporal adverb.
21	ὁ	ὁ	DET	L-----NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	22 ἱερεὺς	det	high
22	ἱερεὺς	ἱερεύς	NOUN	N---NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	37 καθίησι	nsubj	high
23	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	L-----GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	25 Διὸς	det	high
24	Λυκαίου	Λύκαιος	PROPN	A-----GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 Διὸς	amod	high	Adjectival proper name modifying Διός.
25	Διὸς	Ζεύς	PROPN	N---GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	22 ἱερεὺς	nmod	high	Possessive/object genitive in 'priest of Lycaean Zeus'.
26	προσευξάμενος	προσεύχομαι	VERB	V-AOM-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	37 καθίησι	advcl	high
27	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	29 ὕδωρ	case	high
28	τὸ	ὁ	DET	L-----ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	29 ὕδωρ	det	high
29	ὕδωρ	ὕδωρ	NOUN	N-----ASN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	26 προσευξάμενος	obl	high
30	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	31 θύσας	cc	high
31	θύσας	θύω	VERB	V-AAP-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	37 καθίησι	advcl	high	Coordinated circumstantial participle.
32	ὁπόσα	ὁπόσος	PRON	P---NAN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Rel	35 νόμος	nsubj	medium	Neuter plural relative substantive; exact syntactic attachment is idiomatic.
33	ἐστὶν	εἰμί	VERB	V3S-PIA-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	35 νόμος	cop	high
34	αὐτῷ	αὐτός	PRON	P---DSM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	35 νόμος	iobj	high	Dative of personal reference.
35	νόμος	νόμος	NOUN	N---NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	31 θύσας	ccomp	medium	Predicate nominal/idiomatic complement within ὁπόσα ... ἐστὶν αὐτῷ νόμος.
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	31 θύσας	punct	high
37	καθίησι	καθίημι	VERB	V3S-PIA-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
38	δρυὸς	δρῦς	NOUN	N---GSF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	39 κλάδον	nmod	high	Material/species genitive: oak branch.
39	κλάδον	κλάδος	NOUN	N---ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	37 καθίησι	obj	high
40	ἐπιπολῆς	ἐπιπολῆς	ADV	D---------	_	37 καθίησι	advmod	high	Adverbial, 'on the surface'.
41	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	44 βάθος	cc	high
42	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	T---------	Polarity=Neg	44 βάθος	advmod	high
43	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	44 βάθος	case	high
44	βάθος	βάθος	NOUN	N-----ASN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	40 ἐπιπολῆς	obl	high	Contrasted placement adjunct.
45	τῆς	ὁ	DET	L-----GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	46 πηγῆς	det	high
46	πηγῆς	πηγή	NOUN	N-----GSF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	44 βάθος	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on βάθος.
47	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	37 καθίησι	punct	high

Sentence 2

8.38.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 32
Input: 918
Output: 2,474
Total: 3,392

ἀνακινηθέντος δὲ τοῦ ὕδατος ἄνεισιν ἀχλὺς ἐοικυῖα ὁμίχλῃ, διαλιποῦσα δὲ ὀλίγον γίνεται νέφος ἡ ἀχλὺς καὶ ἐς αὑτὴν ἄλλα ἐπαγομένη τῶν νεφῶν ὑετὸν τοῖς Ἀρκάσιν ἐς τὴν γῆν κατιέναι ποιεῖ.

The opening genitive absolute sets the circumstance; ἄνεισιν has ἀχλύς as subject. The coordinated participles describe the mist/cloud, and ποιεῖ governs the accusative ὑετόν plus infinitive κατιέναι; ἄλλα is substantival neuter plural, referring to additional clouds or cloud matter.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀνακινηθέντος	ἀνακινέω	VERB	V--APP-GSN-	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Neuter\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Singular\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Passive	5 ἄνεισιν	advcl	high	Genitive absolute with τοῦ ὕδατος.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	5 ἄνεισιν	cc	high
3	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSN	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	4 ὕδατος	det	high
4	ὕδατος	ὕδωρ	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	1 ἀνακινηθέντος	nsubj	high	Subject of the genitive-absolute participle.
5	ἄνεισιν	ἄνειμι	VERB	V-PAI-3S-	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Active	0 ROOT	root	high
6	ἀχλὺς	ἀχλύς	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	5 ἄνεισιν	nsubj	high
7	ἐοικυῖα	ἔοικα	VERB	V-RAP-NSF-	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Feminine\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Singular\|Tense=Perfect\|Voice=Active	6 ἀχλὺς	acl	high	Participial modifier of ἀχλύς.
8	ὁμίχλῃ	ὁμίχλη	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	7 ἐοικυῖα	obl	high	Dative complement of ἔοικα.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	5 ἄνεισιν	punct	high
10	διαλιποῦσα	διαλείπω	VERB	V-AAP-NSF-	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Feminine\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Singular\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	13 γίνεται	advcl	high	Predicated of the subsequently explicit ἡ ἀχλύς.
11	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	13 γίνεται	cc	high
12	ὀλίγον	ὀλίγος	ADV	ADV	Degree=Pos	10 διαλιποῦσα	advmod	high	Adverbial accusative, ‘for a little while’.
13	γίνεται	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-PMI-3S-	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Middle	5 ἄνεισιν	conj	high	Coordinated finite verb.
14	νέφος	νέφος	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	13 γίνεται	xcomp	medium	Predicate nominative/subject complement with γίνεται.
15	ἡ	ὁ	DET	T-NSF	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	16 ἀχλὺς	det	high
16	ἀχλὺς	ἀχλύς	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	13 γίνεται	nsubj	high	Explicit subject of γίνεται.
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	31 ποιεῖ	cc	high
18	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	19 αὑτὴν	case	high
19	αὑτὴν	ἑαυτοῦ	PRON	P-3FAS	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Reflex=Yes	21 ἐπαγομένη	obl	high	‘Into itself’; refers to the cloud/mist.
20	ἄλλα	ἄλλος	PRON	A-NPN	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Plural	21 ἐπαγομένη	obj	medium	Substantival neuter plural, likely additional cloud matter/clouds.
21	ἐπαγομένη	ἐπάγω	VERB	V-PMP-NSF-	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Feminine\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Singular\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Middle	31 ποιεῖ	advcl	high	Refers to ἡ ἀχλύς; middle participle with ἄλλα as object.
22	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPN	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Plural	23 νεφῶν	det	high
23	νεφῶν	νέφος	NOUN	N-GPN	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Plural	20 ἄλλα	nmod	high	Partitive/associative genitive with ἄλλα.
24	ὑετὸν	ὑετός	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	31 ποιεῖ	obj	high	Object of ποιεῖ.
25	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-DPM	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	26 Ἀρκάσιν	det	high
26	Ἀρκάσιν	Ἀρκάς	PROPN	N-DPM	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	31 ποιεῖ	iobj	high	Beneficiary/recipient of the rain.
27	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	29 γῆν	case	high
28	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	29 γῆν	det	high
29	γῆν	γῆ	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	30 κατιέναι	obl	high	Goal of κατιέναι.
30	κατιέναι	κάτειμι	VERB	V-PAN	Mood=Infinitive\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Active	31 ποιεῖ	xcomp	high	Infinitive complementary to ποιεῖ.
31	ποιεῖ	ποιέω	VERB	V-PAI-3S-	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Active	13 γίνεται	conj	high	Coordinates with γίνεται; subject is ἡ ἀχλύς.
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	5 ἄνεισιν	punct	high

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