Grammar parses for passage 8.38.5
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῷ Λυκαίῳ Πανός τε ἱερὸν καὶ περὶ αὐτὸ ἄλσος δένδρων καὶ ἱππόδρομός τε καὶ πρὸ αὐτοῦ στάδιον·
Existential ἔστι introduces a coordinated series of nominative place features: a sanctuary and grove, a hippodrome, and a stadium; πρὸ αὐτοῦ means ‘in front of it’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ἱερὸν | case | high | |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Λυκαίῳ | det | high | |
| 5 | Λυκαίῳ | Λύκαιον | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἱερὸν | obl | medium | Place-name, likely substantivized neuter adjective. |
| 6 | Πανός | Πάν | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 Πανός | cc | high | Correlative τε links Πανός ἱερόν. |
| 8 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | First nominative item in the existential coordination. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἄλσος | cc | high | |
| 10 | περὶ | περί | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 ἄλσος | case | high | |
| 11 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 περὶ | obl | high | Object of περὶ; refers to the sanctuary. |
| 12 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἱερὸν | conj | high | Coordinated nominative place feature. |
| 13 | δένδρων | δένδρον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἄλσος | nmod | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἱππόδρομός | cc | high | |
| 15 | ἱππόδρομός | ἱππόδρομος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἱερὸν | conj | high | Coordinated nominative item; masculine form. |
| 16 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἱππόδρομός | cc | high | Correlative τε with the following καί. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 στάδιον | cc | high | |
| 18 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | PREP | _ | 20 στάδιον | case | high | |
| 19 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πρὸ | obl | medium | Genitive likely refers to the hippodrome; syntactic antecedent is somewhat ambiguous. |
| 20 | στάδιον | στάδιον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἱερὸν | conj | high | Final coordinated nominative item. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ ἀρχαῖον τῶν Λυκαίων ἦγον τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐνταῦθα.
The neuter singular substantivized ἀρχαῖον is the syntactic subject, while the plural verb ἦγον reflects the understood plural referent/context; τῶν Λυκαίων is a genitive dependent on it.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | Neuter article with substantivized/adjectival ἀρχαῖον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 6 ἦγον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἦγον | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘the ancient practice/custom’. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Λυκαίων | det | high | Article introducing the genitive plural ethnonym. |
| 5 | Λυκαίων | Λυκαῖος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἀρχαῖον | nmod | high | Genitive plural of the Lycaeans, dependent on ἀρχαῖον. |
| 6 | ἦγον | ἄγω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect active indicative, third-person plural; subject is substantivized ἀρχαῖον with plural attraction/semantic agreement. |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀγῶνα | det | high | Article with ἀγῶνα. |
| 8 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἦγον | obj | high | Direct object of ἦγον. |
| 9 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D---- | _ | 6 ἦγον | advmod | high | Locative adverb, ‘here’. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἦγον | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἔστι δὲ αὐτόθι καὶ ἀνδριάντων βάθρα, οὐκ ἐπόντων ἔτι ἀνδριάντων·
The sentence contains an existential construction, ἔστι ... βάθρα, followed by a genitive absolute οὐκ ἐπόντων ἔτι ἀνδριάντων, ‘although the statues are no longer present’; ἐπόντων is analyzed as the present participle of ἔπειμι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 βάθρα | cop | high | Existential/predicative εἰμί with βάθρα as subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτόθι | αὐτόθι | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἔστι | advmod | high | Locative adverb, ‘there’. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 βάθρα | cc | high | Coordinates the noun phrase with the preceding context. |
| 5 | ἀνδριάντων | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 βάθρα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βάθρα: bases of statues. |
| 6 | βάθρα | βάθρον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Neuter plural subject/predicate of existential ἔστι. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 βάθρα | punct | high | |
| 8 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 ἐπόντων | advmod | high | Negative particle governing the participial clause. |
| 9 | ἐπόντων | ἔπειμι | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 βάθρα | acl | medium | Genitive absolute with ἀνδριάντων; form is interpreted as present active participle of ἔπειμι, ‘being present/existing’. |
| 10 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 9 ἐπόντων | advmod | high | ‘Still/any longer’. |
| 11 | ἀνδριάντων | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐπόντων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 βάθρα | punct | high |
ἐλεγεῖον δὲ ἐπὶ τῶν βάθρων ἑνὶ Ἀστυάνακτός φησιν εἶναι τὴν εἰκόνα, τὸν δὲ Ἀστυάνακτα εἶναι γένος τῶν ἀπὸ Ἀρκάδος.
φησιν governs two coordinated accusative-and-infinitive clauses; the phrase ἑνὶ Ἀστυάνακτος is elliptical and is analyzed as a dative attribution/identification phrase modifying εἰκόνα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐλεγεῖον | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | N-ANS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 φησιν | nsubj | medium | Subject of φησιν; predicative/label-like noun referring to the inscription. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 φησιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 βάθρων | case | high | |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T- GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 βάθρων | det | high | |
| 5 | βάθρων | βάθρον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 εἰκόνα | nmod | high | ἐπὶ τῶν βάθρων modifies the image/inscription context. |
| 6 | ἑνὶ | εἷς | NUM | A-NSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀστυάνακτός | amod | medium | Dative singular likely agrees with Ἀστυάνακτος and expresses attribution/identification. |
| 7 | Ἀστυάνακτός | Ἀστυάναξ | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 εἰκόνα | nmod | medium | Proper name in the dative phrase ἑνὶ Ἀστυάνακτος; exact semantic relation is somewhat elliptical. |
| 8 | φησιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 φησιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive complement of φησιν. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 εἰκόνα | det | high | |
| 11 | εἰκόνα | εἰκών | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 εἶναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive εἶναι. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φησιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Ἀστυάνακτα | det | high | |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 Ἀστυάνακτα | cc | high | |
| 15 | Ἀστυάνακτα | Ἀστυάναξ | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the second infinitival clause. |
| 16 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 φησιν | ccomp | high | Second infinitive coordinated with the first reported proposition. |
| 17 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with εἶναι. |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 Ἀρκάδος | det | high | |
| 19 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 20 Ἀρκάδος | case | high | |
| 20 | Ἀρκάδος | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 γένος | nmod | high | With τῶν, denotes descent/origin: γένος τῶν ἀπὸ Ἀρκάδος. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φησιν | punct | high |