Grammar parses for passage 8.39.1
Open translation for this passage
παρὰ δὲ τὴν Λυκόσουραν ὡς ἐπὶ ἡλίου δυσμὰς ποταμὸς Πλατανιστὼν παρέξεισιν·
The main predicate παρέξεισιν (‘flows/passes by’) has subject ποταμός and appositional/name specification Πλατανιστῶν; παρὰ governs the accusative Λυκόσουραν, while ὡς ἐπὶ ἡλίου δυσμάς is a directional comparative phrase, with δυσμάς accusative plural governed by ἐπί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 4 Λυκόσουραν | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative Λυκόσουραν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 παρέξεισιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Λυκόσουραν | det | high | |
| 4 | Λυκόσουραν | Λυκόσουρα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 11 παρέξεισιν | obl | high | Accusative object of παρά in the sense ‘by/beside’. |
| 5 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐπὶ | mark | medium | Introduces a comparative/directional phrase; analysis as subordinator is approximate. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 8 δυσμὰς | case | high | Governs accusative δυσμάς. |
| 7 | ἡλίου | ἥλιος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 δυσμὰς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on δυσμάς: ‘of the sun’. |
| 8 | δυσμὰς | δυσμή | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 παρέξεισιν | obl | medium | Accusative plural in the directional expression ἐπὶ ἡλίου δυσμάς. |
| 9 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 παρέξεισιν | nsubj | high | Subject of παρέξεισιν. |
| 10 | Πλατανιστὼν | Πλατανιστών | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 9 ποταμὸς | appos | medium | Proper-name apposition to ποταμός; accentuation/form may reflect an inflected toponym. |
| 11 | παρέξεισιν | παρέξειμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Present active third-singular predicate, ‘passes/flows by’; spelling may represent παρέξεισι(ν). |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 11 παρέξεισιν | punct | high |
ἀνδρὶ δὲ ἰόντι ἐς Φιγαλίαν ἀνάγκη πᾶσα διαβῆναι τὸν Πλατανιστῶνα, μετὰ δὲ αὐτόν ἐστιν ἄνοδος ὅσον τε σταδίους τριάκοντα ἢ πλείους τῶν τριάκοντα οὐ πολλῷ.
The sentence has an infinitival necessity clause followed by a coordinated/paratactic existential clause; ὅσον τε σταδίους τριάκοντα ἢ πλείους τῶν τριάκοντα οὐ πολλῷ expresses approximate extent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνδρὶ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-dat-sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἰόντι | obl | high | Dative of the person proceeding. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 διαβῆναι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἰόντι | εἶμι | VERB | V-pap-dsm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 διαβῆναι | acl | high | Present participle agreeing with ἀνδρί. |
| 4 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 Φιγαλίαν | case | high | |
| 5 | Φιγαλίαν | Φιγαλία | PROPN | Ne-sf | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἰόντι | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 6 | ἀνάγκη | ἀνάγκη | NOUN | N-nsf | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 διαβῆναι | nsubj | high | Impersonal necessity construction. |
| 7 | πᾶσα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-nsf | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνάγκη | amod | high | |
| 8 | διαβῆναι | διαβαίνω | VERB | V-aan | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Infinitive governing the necessity construction. |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-asm | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Πλατανιστῶνα | det | high | |
| 10 | Πλατανιστῶνα | Πλατανιστών | PROPN | Ne-asm | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 διαβῆναι | obj | high | Object of διαβῆναι. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 διαβῆναι | punct | high | |
| 12 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 αὐτόν | case | high | With accusative, ‘after/beyond’. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἄνοδος | cc | high | |
| 14 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-asm | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 16 ἄνοδος | obl | high | Object of μετά. |
| 15 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-pia-3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 16 ἄνοδος | cop | high | |
| 16 | ἄνοδος | ἄνοδος | NOUN | N-nsf | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 διαβῆναι | parataxis | medium | Predicate of an understood existential clause after the first clause. |
| 17 | ὅσον | ὅσος | ADJ | A-asm | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 σταδίους | amod | medium | Accusative measure expression; gender/number agree with σταδίους. |
| 18 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ὅσον | cc | high | |
| 19 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-am-p | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἄνοδος | obl | high | Accusative of extent. |
| 20 | τριάκοντα | τριάκοντα | NUM | M-------- | Case=Acc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 19 σταδίους | nummod | high | |
| 21 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 πλείους | cc | high | |
| 22 | πλείους | πολύς | ADJ | A-am-p | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 σταδίους | conj | high | Comparative alternative to τριάκοντα στάδιους. |
| 23 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-gpm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 τριάκοντα | det | high | |
| 24 | τριάκοντα | τριάκοντα | NUM | M-------- | Case=Gen|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 22 πλείους | obl | medium | Genitive of comparison, ‘more than thirty’. |
| 25 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 26 πολλῷ | advmod | high | |
| 26 | πολλῷ | πολύς | ADJ | A-nd-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 πλείους | advmod | high | Instrumental/degree dative: not by much. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 διαβῆναι | punct | high |