Grammar parses for passage 8.39.5
Open translation for this passage
παρελθόντες δὲ ἐπὶ τὴν Λακεδαιμονίων φρουρὰν ἄγουσιν ἐς πάντα ἐπὶ τέλος τὸν χρησμόν·
The participle παρελθόντες is a nominative masculine plural circumstantial participle with an implicit subject of ἄγουσιν. ἐπὶ τὴν ... φρουράν is the goal/encounter complement of παρελθόντες; ἐς πάντα ἐπὶ τέλος means bringing the oracle completely to its fulfilment/end, with ἐπί τέλος governing the accusative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρελθόντες | παρέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἄγουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, sharing the implicit subject of ἄγουσιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 7 ἄγουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 φρουρὰν | case | high | With accusative, marking movement toward or against. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA---ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 φρουρὰν | det | high | |
| 5 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 φρουρὰν | nmod | high | Ethnic name used substantivally: 'of the Lacedaemonians'. |
| 6 | φρουρὰν | φρουρά | NOUN | N-A---AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 παρελθόντες | obl | high | Accusative complement of motion with ἐπί. |
| 7 | ἄγουσιν | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 πάντα | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 9 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A----APN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἄγουσιν | obl | medium | Neuter plural accusative, adverbial/extent phrase with ἐς: 'in all respects' or 'completely'. |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 τέλος | case | high | With accusative in the idiom ἐπὶ τέλος. |
| 11 | τέλος | τέλος | NOUN | N-A---NN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἄγουσιν | obl | high | Accusative in the phrase ἐπὶ τέλος, 'to completion/end'. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 χρησμόν | det | high | |
| 13 | χρησμόν | χρησμός | NOUN | N-A---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἄγουσιν | obj | high | Direct object of ἄγουσιν: the oracle is brought to fulfilment. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἄγουσιν | punct | high |
καὶ γὰρ αὐτοῖς λόγου μαχεσαμένοις ἀξίως ἐπεγένετο ἡ τελευτὴ καὶ ἐξελάσαντες τοὺς Σπαρτιάτας παρέσχον Φιγαλεῦσιν ἀπολαβεῖν τὴν πατρίδα.
The sentence has a coordinated predicate: τελευτὴ ἐπεγένετο with a dative participial circumstance, followed by παρέσχον with an aorist participle and complementary infinitive. The dative αὐτοῖς is understood with μαχεσαμένοις; Φιγαλεῦσιν is the recipient of παρέσχον. The exact construction of λόγου with μαχεσαμένοις is somewhat uncertain, likely a genitive of respect/object (‘having contended in argument’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 7 ἐπεγένετο | cc | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | Part | _ | 7 ἐπεγένετο | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | Pdatmp | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 5 μαχεσαμένοις | obl | high | Dative with the participle. |
| 4 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | Ngenms | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 μαχεσαμένοις | obl | low | Genitive construction with μαχεσαμένοις is syntactically uncertain; likely genitive of respect or object. |
| 5 | μαχεσαμένοις | μάχομαι | VERB | Vpartaadmpt | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 7 ἐπεγένετο | advcl | medium | Aorist middle participle, circumstantial and agreeing with αὐτοῖς. |
| 6 | ἀξίως | ἀξίως | ADV | Adv | _ | 7 ἐπεγένετο | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ἐπεγένετο | ἐπιγίγνομαι | VERB | Vindamdep3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | Art-nf-s | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 τελευτὴ | det | high | |
| 9 | τελευτὴ | τελευτή | NOUN | Nnomfs | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπεγένετο | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 14 παρέσχον | cc | high | Coordinates the second predicate with the first. |
| 11 | ἐξελάσαντες | ἐξελαύνω | VERB | Vpartaa-npm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 παρέσχον | advcl | high | Aorist active participle, subject controlled by the understood subject of παρέσχον. |
| 12 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | Art-amp | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Σπαρτιάτας | det | high | |
| 13 | Σπαρτιάτας | Σπαρτιάτης | PROPN | Npampa | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐξελάσαντες | obj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 14 | παρέσχον | παρέχω | VERB | Vindaap3pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 ἐπεγένετο | conj | high | Coordinated finite predicate. |
| 15 | Φιγαλεῦσιν | Φιγαλεύς | PROPN | Npdatp | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 παρέσχον | iobj | high | Recipient, ‘to the Phigaleans’. |
| 16 | ἀπολαβεῖν | ἀπολαμβάνω | VERB | Vna | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 παρέσχον | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after παρέσχον. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art-af-s | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 πατρίδα | det | high | |
| 18 | πατρίδα | πατρίς | NOUN | Naccfs | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπολαβεῖν | obj | high | Object of ἀπολαβεῖν. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 7 ἐπεγένετο | punct | high |
κεῖται δὲ ἡ Φιγαλία ἐπὶ μετεώρου μὲν καὶ ἀποτόμου τὰ πλέονα, καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν κρημνῶν ᾠκοδομημένα ἐστὶ τείχη σφίσιν·
The sentence has an impersonal/passive construction: τείχη is the subject of ᾠκοδομημένα ἐστὶ, with σφίσιν as a dative of possession/reference; ἐπὶ μετεώρου ... and ἐπὶ τῶν κρημνῶν express location, while τὰ πλέονα is an elliptical accusative extent phrase. The exact attachment of μετεώρου is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κεῖται | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite stative verb, ‘lies/is situated’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 κεῖται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Φιγαλία | det | high | |
| 4 | Φιγαλία | Φιγαλία | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖται | nsubj | high | Place name, subject of κεῖται. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 6 μετεώρου | case | high | With genitive, locative sense. |
| 6 | μετεώρου | μετέωρος | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 πλέονα | obl | medium | Substantivized/elliptical genitive, probably ‘elevated ground’; attachment is uncertain. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 6 μετεώρου | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, balanced by καί. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἀποτόμου | cc | high | Coordinates adjectives in the first locative phrase. |
| 9 | ἀποτόμου | ἀπότομος | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 μετεώρου | conj | high | Coordinates with μετεώρου. |
| 10 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 πλέονα | det | high | |
| 11 | πλέονα | πολύς | ADJ | A-APN-C | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 κεῖται | obl | medium | Elliptical accusative extent phrase, ‘for the greater part’; exact syntactic relation is uncertain. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 κεῖται | punct | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἐστὶ | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause/phrase. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 16 κρημνῶν | case | high | With genitive, locative sense. |
| 15 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 κρημνῶν | det | high | |
| 16 | κρημνῶν | κρημνός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ᾠκοδομημένα | obl | high | Genitive locative complement of the participial predicate. |
| 17 | ᾠκοδομημένα | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | V-RPP-APN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 18 ἐστὶ | xcomp | high | Perfect passive participle, predicative with ἐστὶ; form agrees with τείχη. |
| 18 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 κεῖται | conj | high | Copular finite verb coordinated with the first clause. |
| 19 | τείχη | τεῖχος | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | Plural neuter subject, agreeing with the participle. |
| 20 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 19 τείχη | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/reference, ‘for them/their’. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 κεῖται | punct | high |
ἀνελθόντι δὲ ὁμαλής ἐστιν ὁ λόφος ἤδη καὶ ἐπίπεδος.
ἀνελθόντι is a dative circumstantial participle, likely referring to an understood person ('on ascending'); ὁμαλής and ἐπίπεδος are coordinated predicate adjectives with λόφος as subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνελθόντι | ἀνέρχομαι | VERB | VAAM-SDM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial dative participle with implicit human referent. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὁμαλής | ὁμαλής | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐπίπεδος | conj | high | Coordinated predicate adjective; masculine nominative agrees with λόφος. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | VPAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 λόφος | cop | high | |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 λόφος | det | high | |
| 6 | λόφος | λόφος | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D | _ | 4 ἐστιν | advmod | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ἐπίπεδος | cc | high | Coordinates the two predicate adjectives. |
| 9 | ἐπίπεδος | ἐπίπεδος | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὁμαλής | conj | high | Coordinated predicate adjective with ὁμαλής. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ Σωτείρας τε ἱερὸν ἐνταῦθα Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ ἄγαλμα ὀρθὸν λίθου·
Existential ἔστι has coordinated nominal predicates ἱερόν and ἄγαλμα; Σωτείρας modifies ἱερόν as a genitive epithet/name, while Ἀρτέμιδος is genitive dependent on ἱερόν. ὀρθόν modifies ἄγαλμα and λίθου is its material genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Σωτείρας | Σωτείρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | nmod | medium | Feminine divine epithet/name in the genitive; construed with ἱερόν. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 Σωτείρας | cc | medium | Enclitic coordinating particle, likely linking the genitival specification. |
| 5 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | First neuter singular existential subject/predicate nominal. |
| 6 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἔστι | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 7 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερόν: sanctuary of Artemis. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | Coordinates the second nominal. |
| 9 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | conj | high | Second coordinated neuter singular existential nominal. |
| 10 | ὀρθὸν | ὀρθός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | amod | high | Agrees with ἄγαλμα. |
| 11 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Material genitive: made of stone. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐκ τούτου δὲ τοῦ ἱεροῦ καὶ τὰς πομπάς σφισι πέμπειν κατέστη.
Impersonal καταίστημι is used with an articular infinitive: from this sanctuary it was established for them also to send processions. The dative σφισι is the implicit subject/beneficiary of πέμπειν; καί coordinates the second object-like infinitival complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | Case=Gen | 5 ἱεροῦ | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | PD-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἱεροῦ | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ἱεροῦ. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 κατέστη | cc | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἱεροῦ | det | high | |
| 5 | ἱεροῦ | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 κατέστη | obl | high | Genitive object of ἐκ. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 πέμπειν | cc | medium | Coordinates this infinitival complement with an omitted or contextually supplied first complement. |
| 7 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | RA-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 πομπάς | det | high | |
| 8 | πομπάς | πομπή | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 πέμπειν | obj | high | Accusative subject/object of the infinitive according to context; semantically ‘processions’ as the thing sent. |
| 9 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 πέμπειν | iobj | high | Dative beneficiary/implicit subject of the infinitive. |
| 10 | πέμπειν | πέμπω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 κατέστη | xcomp | high | Articular infinitival complement; the article is not separately tokenized. |
| 11 | κατέστη | καθίστημι | VERB | V-3AAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal ‘it was established/arranged’; subject is understood from context. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 κατέστη | punct | high |