Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 8.4.10

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Passage 8.4.10

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4sentences parsed

78Greek tokens

3,055input tokens

5,946output tokens

Sentence 1

8.4.10 sentence 1

Tokens: 12
Input: 691
Output: 969
Total: 1,660

μετὰ δὲ Ἄλιον τελευτήσαντα Λυκοῦργος ὁ Ἀλέου τὴν βασιλείαν πρεσβεῖα ἔσχε·

The temporal accusative participial phrase μετὰ Ἄλιον τελευτήσαντα precedes the main clause; πρεσβεῖα ἔσχε is idiomatic/elliptical, with βασιλείαν as its associated accusative.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	μετὰ	μετά	ADP	_	AdpType=Prep	4 τελευτήσαντα	case	high	Preposition governing the accusative participial phrase.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	_	_	11 ἔσχε	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	Ἄλιον	Ἄλιος	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 τελευτήσαντα	obj	high	Accusative subject/object of the temporal participle.
4	τελευτήσαντα	τελευτάω	VERB	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	11 ἔσχε	advcl	high	Aorist participle in a temporal phrase after μετά.
5	Λυκοῦργος	Λυκοῦργος	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ἔσχε	nsubj	high	Subject of ἔσχε.
6	ὁ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 Ἀλέου	det	high	Article with the patronymic name.
7	Ἀλέου	Ἀλεός	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 Λυκοῦργος	appos	medium	Genitive patronymic/appositional identifier of Λυκοῦργος.
8	τὴν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 βασιλείαν	det	high	Article modifying βασιλείαν.
9	βασιλείαν	βασιλεία	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 πρεσβεῖα	obj	high	Object of the quasi-verbal expression πρεσβεῖα ἔσχε.
10	πρεσβεῖα	πρεσβεῖα	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	11 ἔσχε	obj	medium	Accusative of respect/idiomatic object with ἔσχε, meaning he held precedence in the kingship; exact construction is somewhat elliptical.
11	ἔσχε	ἔχω	VERB	_	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Aorist active indicative, main predicate.
12	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	11 ἔσχε	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 2

8.4.10 sentence 2

Tokens: 15
Input: 711
Output: 1,096
Total: 1,807

παρέσχετο δὲ ἐς μνήμην Ἀρηίθοον ἄνδρα πολεμικὸν δόλῳ καὶ οὐ σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ κτείνας.

The aorist participle κτείνας is an adjunct to παρέσχετο and takes ἄνδρα as its object; δόλῳ and σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ are coordinated means-related modifiers, with οὐ negating the latter.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	παρέσχετο	παρέχω	VERB	V-AI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 παρέσχετο	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	4 μνήμην	case	high	Variant form of εἰς.
4	μνήμην	μνήμη	NOUN	N-AF-S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 παρέσχετο	obl	high
5	Ἀρηίθοον	Ἀρηίθοος	PROPN	N-AM-S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἄνδρα	compound	medium	Personal name; form and lemma reflect the contracted/declensional pattern.
6	ἄνδρα	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-AM-S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 κτείνας	obj	high	Object of κτείνας.
7	πολεμικὸν	πολεμικός	ADJ	A-AM-S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἄνδρα	amod	high
8	δόλῳ	δόλος	NOUN	N-DM-S	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 κτείνας	obl	high	Dative of means.
9	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 κτείνας	cc	high	Coordinates the two adverbial means/modifiers.
10	οὐ	οὐ	PART	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 κτείνας	advmod	high
11	σὺν	σύν	ADP	PREP	_	13 δικαίῳ	case	high
12	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DM-S	Case=Dat\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 δικαίῳ	det	high
13	δικαίῳ	δίκαιος	ADJ	A-DN-S	Case=Dat\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	14 κτείνας	obl	high	Substantivized adjective: τῷ δικαίῳ, 'the just/right'; σύν governs the dative.
14	κτείνας	κτείνω	VERB	V-AAP-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	1 παρέσχετο	advcl	high	Aorist participle with implicit subject coreferential with παρέσχετο.
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 παρέσχετο	punct	high

Sentence 3

8.4.10 sentence 3

Tokens: 39
Input: 957
Output: 2,896
Total: 3,853

γενομένων δὲ αὐτῷ παίδων Ἀγκαίου τε καὶ Ἐπόχου, τὸν μὲν νοσήσαντα ἐπιλαμβάνει τὸ χρεών, Ἀγκαῖος δὲ Ἰάσονί τε τοῦ πλοῦ μετέσχεν ἐς Κόλχους καὶ ὕστερον ὁμοῦ Μελεάγρῳ τὸ ἐν Καλυδῶνι κατεργαζόμενος θηρίον ἀπέθανεν ὑπὸ τοῦ ὑός.

The opening genitive absolute states that Ancaeus had sons; τὸ χρεών is a substantivized necessity expression governing the death of the sick son. In the later clause Ἀγκαῖος is subject of μετέσχεν and ἀπέθανεν; κατεργαζόμενος is a circumstantial participle with Μελεάγρῳ.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	γενομένων	γίγνομαι	VERB	V--AMN-P	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Neuter\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Plural\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Middle	4 παίδων	acl	high	Genitive absolute participle.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C---------	_	1 γενομένων	cc	high
3	αὐτῷ	αὐτός	PRON	P-----DSM	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular\|Person=3	1 γενομένων	obl	high	Possessive/experiencer dative in the genitive absolute.
4	παίδων	παῖς	NOUN	N--GPM-	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	1 γενομένων	nsubj	high	Subject of the genitive absolute.
5	Ἀγκαίου	Ἀγκαῖος	PROPN	Ne--GSM-	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	4 παίδων	appos	high	First son, appositional to παίδων.
6	τε	τε	CCONJ	C---------	_	5 Ἀγκαίου	cc	high
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C---------	_	8 Ἐπόχου	cc	high
8	Ἐπόχου	Ἔποχος	PROPN	Ne--GSM-	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	5 Ἀγκαίου	conj	high	Second son, coordinated with Ἀγκαίου.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 γενομένων	punct	high
10	τὸν	ὁ	DET	L---ASM-	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	12 νοσήσαντα	det	high	Article with substantivized participle.
11	μὲν	μέν	PART	X---------	_	12 νοσήσαντα	advmod	high	Correlative particle; δέ is delayed/absent in this contrast.
12	νοσήσαντα	νοσέω	VERB	V---AAP-SAM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masculine\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Singular\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	13 ἐπιλαμβάνει	obj	high	Substantivized accusative participle, the son who fell ill.
13	ἐπιλαμβάνει	ἐπιλαμβάνω	VERB	V-PIA-3S-	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Active	35 ἀπέθανεν	parataxis	medium	Present historical; τὸ χρεών is subject or predicative necessity expression.
14	τὸ	ὁ	DET	L---NSN-	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	15 χρεών	det	high
15	χρεών	χρεών	NOUN	N-----SN-	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	13 ἐπιλαμβάνει	nsubj	medium	Substantivized necessity/fate expression.
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἐπιλαμβάνει	punct	high
17	Ἀγκαῖος	Ἀγκαῖος	PROPN	Ne--NSM-	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	23 μετέσχεν	nsubj	high	Subject of μετέσχεν and, by coordination, ἀπέθανεν.
18	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C---------	_	35 ἀπέθανεν	cc	high
19	Ἰάσονί	Ἰάσων	PROPN	Ne--DSM-	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	23 μετέσχεν	obl	high	Dative with μετέχω: share in/participate with Jason.
20	τε	τε	CCONJ	C---------	_	19 Ἰάσονί	cc	high
21	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	L---GSM-	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	22 πλοῦ	det	high
22	πλοῦ	πλόος	NOUN	N---GSM-	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	23 μετέσχεν	obl	high	Genitive dependent on μετέσχεν.
23	μετέσχεν	μετέχω	VERB	V-2AAI-3S-	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	35 ἀπέθανεν	conj	high	First coordinated predicate of Ἀγκαῖος.
24	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R---------	_	25 Κόλχους	case	high
25	Κόλχους	Κόλχος	PROPN	Ne--APM-	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	23 μετέσχεν	obl	high	Destination of the voyage.
26	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C---------	_	35 ἀπέθανεν	cc	high
27	ὕστερον	ὕστερον	ADV	D---------	Degree=Pos	35 ἀπέθανεν	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
28	ὁμοῦ	ὁμοῦ	ADV	D---------	_	33 κατεργαζόμενος	advmod	high	Together with Μελεάγρῳ.
29	Μελεάγρῳ	Μελέαγρος	PROPN	Ne--DSM-	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	33 κατεργαζόμενος	obl	high	Dative of accompaniment with ὁμοῦ.
30	τὸ	ὁ	DET	L---ASN-	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	34 θηρίον	det	high
31	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R---------	_	32 Καλυδῶνι	case	high
32	Καλυδῶνι	Καλυδών	PROPN	Ne--DSF-	Case=Dative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	34 θηρίον	obl	high	Locative complement of ἐν.
33	κατεργαζόμενος	κατεργάζομαι	VERB	V-PMP-NSM-	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Masculine\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Singular\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Middle	35 ἀπέθανεν	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle, agreeing with Ἀγκαῖος.
34	θηρίον	θηρίον	NOUN	N---ASN-	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	33 κατεργαζόμενος	obj	high	Object of κατεργαζόμενος.
35	ἀπέθανεν	ἀποθνῄσκω	VERB	V-2AAI-3S-	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	0 ROOT	root	high	Main finite predicate.
36	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	R---------	_	38 ὑός	case	high	Agent marker with passive-like death caused by the boar.
37	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	L---GSM-	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	38 ὑός	det	high
38	ὑός	ὗς	NOUN	N---GSM-	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	35 ἀπέθανεν	obl:agent	high	The Calydonian boar; spelling ὑός reflects inflection of ὗς.
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	35 ἀπέθανεν	punct	high

Sentence 4

8.4.10 sentence 4

Tokens: 12
Input: 696
Output: 985
Total: 1,681

Λυκοῦργος μὲν δὴ πορρωτάτω γήρως ἀφίκετο ἐπιδὼν τοὺς παῖδας ἀμφοτέρους τελευτήσαντας·

Λυκοῦργος is the subject of ἀφίκετο; πορρωτάτω γήρως is an adverbial genitive phrase (‘to an extreme old age’). ἐπιδών takes τοὺς παῖδας as object, with ἀμφοτέρους and τελευτήσαντας agreeing with παῖδας; the participle is predicative/complementary, ‘having seen both sons dead’.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Λυκοῦργος	Λυκοῦργος	PROPN	N-----NS-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἀφίκετο	nsubj	high
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	Df	_	6 ἀφίκετο	discourse	high	Correlative particle; counterpart is not expressed in this sentence.
3	δὴ	δή	PART	Df	_	6 ἀφίκετο	discourse	high
4	πορρωτάτω	πόρρω	ADV	Df	Degree=Sup	5 γήρως	advmod	medium	Superlative adverb, functioning within the genitive phrase.
5	γήρως	γῆρας	NOUN	N-----SG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἀφίκετο	obl	medium	Genitive of extent/attainment with ἀφίκετο.
6	ἀφίκετο	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V3IAMI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
7	ἐπιδὼν	ἐφοράω	VERB	V-AAP-NMS-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	6 ἀφίκετο	advcl	high	Aorist active participle with subject coreferential with Λυκοῦργος.
8	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	L-----AMP-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 παῖδας	det	high
9	παῖδας	παῖς	NOUN	N-----AM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 ἐπιδὼν	obj	high
10	ἀμφοτέρους	ἀμφότερος	ADJ	A-----AM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 παῖδας	amod	high
11	τελευτήσαντας	τελευτάω	VERB	V-AAP-AM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	9 παῖδας	acl	medium	Accusative participle agreeing with παῖδας; predicative/complementary with the object of ἐπιδών.
12	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἀφίκετο	punct	high

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