Grammar parses for passage 8.4.2
Open translation for this passage
συνοικῆσαι δὲ οὐ θνητῇ γυναικὶ αὐτόν, ἀλλὰ νύμφῃ Δρυάδι ἔλεγον·
Infinitival clause coordinated by δέ/ἀλλά: αὐτόν is the accusative subject of συνοικῆσαι; θνητῇ γυναικί and νύμφῃ Δρυάδι are coordinated dative complements, with ἀλλά correcting the first complement. ἔλεγον is an impersonal/reporting imperfect with omitted contextual subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συνοικῆσαι | συνοικέω | VERB | V- AAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 11 ἔλεγον | ccomp | high | Aorist active infinitive, complement of the reporting verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἔλεγον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 1 συνοικῆσαι | advmod | high | Negates the infinitival proposition/complement. |
| 4 | θνητῇ | θνητός | ADJ | A-SFD | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 γυναικὶ | amod | high | Adjectival modifier agreeing with γυναικί. |
| 5 | γυναικὶ | γυνή | NOUN | N-SFD | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 συνοικῆσαι | obl | high | Dative complement of συνοικέω, contrasted with νύμφῃ. |
| 6 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 1 συνοικῆσαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 συνοικῆσαι | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 συνοικῆσαι | cc | high | Adversative coordinator introducing the correction. |
| 9 | νύμφῃ | νύμφη | NOUN | N-SFD | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 συνοικῆσαι | obl | high | Dative complement coordinated contrastively with γυναικί. |
| 10 | Δρυάδι | Δρυάς | PROPN | N-SFD | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 νύμφῃ | appos | medium | Proper-name apposition to νύμφῃ; form is dative singular. |
| 11 | ἔλεγον | λέγω | VERB | V- IAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Impersonal/reporting use is syntactically elliptical; contextual subject is omitted. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔλεγον | punct | high |
Δρυάδας γὰρ δὴ καὶ Ἐπιμηλιάδας, τὰς δὲ αὐτῶν ἐκάλουν Ναΐδας, καὶ Ὁμήρῳ γε ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσι Ναΐδων νυμφῶν μάλιστά ἐστι μνήμη.
The sentence has an omitted/copular main clause in the first coordinated member: Δρυάδας ... καὶ Ἐπιμηλιάδας ... Ναΐδας ἐκάλουν, followed by the assertion that Homer chiefly remembers Naiad nymphs. The exact antecedent of αὐτῶν is context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Δρυάδας | Δρυάς | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἐκάλουν | obj | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | GPart | _ | 10 ἐκάλουν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | GPart | _ | 10 ἐκάλουν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 Ἐπιμηλιάδας | cc | high | |
| 5 | Ἐπιμηλιάδας | Ἐπιμηλιάς | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἐκάλουν | obj | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐκάλουν | punct | high | |
| 7 | τὰς | ὁ | PRON | P-AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἐκάλουν | obj | medium | Resumptive/anaphoric accusative, likely referring to the preceding nymph classes. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 10 ἐκάλουν | cc | high | |
| 9 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-G3P | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 ἐκάλουν | nmod | medium | Genitive antecedent is supplied by context; may mean 'of them'. |
| 10 | ἐκάλουν | καλέω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | Ναΐδας | Ναΐς | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἐκάλουν | xcomp | high | Accusative predicative complement of καλέω. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐκάλουν | punct | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 22 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 14 | Ὁμήρῳ | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐστι | iobj | medium | Dative of reference: 'for Homer/in Homer'. |
| 15 | γε | γε | PART | GPart | _ | 14 Ὁμήρῳ | advmod | high | |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 18 ἔπεσι | case | high | |
| 17 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 ἔπεσι | det | high | |
| 18 | ἔπεσι | ἔπος | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 ἐστι | obl | high | |
| 19 | Ναΐδων | Ναΐς | NOUN | N-GFP | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 νυμφῶν | nmod | high | |
| 20 | νυμφῶν | νύμφη | NOUN | N-GFP | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 μνήμη | nmod | high | Genitive depending on μνήμη: remembrance of Naiad nymphs. |
| 21 | μάλιστά | μάλιστα | ADV | D | Degree=Sup | 22 ἐστι | advmod | high | |
| 22 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Coordinated/copular predicate; μνήμη is the postposed subject. |
| 23 | μνήμη | μνήμη | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐστι | punct | high |
τὴν δὲ νύμφην ταύτην καλοῦσιν Ἐρατώ, καὶ ἐκ ταύτης φασὶν Ἀρκάδι Ἀζᾶνα καὶ Ἀφείδαντα γενέσθαι καὶ Ἔλατον·
καλοῦσιν takes νύμφην as object and Ἐρατώ as a naming complement; φασίν introduces an accusative-and-infinitive clause, with Ἀρκάδι as dative and the three names as coordinated accusative subjects of γενέσθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DAF-SAC | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 νύμφην | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 καλοῦσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | νύμφην | νύμφη | NOUN | NAF-SAC | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | |
| 4 | ταύτην | οὗτος | DET | DAF-SAC | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 νύμφην | det | high | Demonstrative used attributively. |
| 5 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | Ἐρατώ | Ἐρατώ | PROPN | NPF-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 καλοῦσιν | xcomp | medium | Predicate naming complement; proper-name case is morphologically nominative. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 καλοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 φασὶν | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 ταύτης | case | high | |
| 10 | ταύτης | οὗτος | PRON | PD-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Source construction with γενέσθαι. |
| 11 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 καλοῦσιν | conj | high | |
| 12 | Ἀρκάδι | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | NPM-SD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 γενέσθαι | iobj | high | Dative with γενέσθαι, ‘to/for Arcadas’. |
| 13 | Ἀζᾶνα | Ἀζᾶν | PROPN | NPM-SAC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 Ἀζᾶνα | cc | high | |
| 15 | Ἀφείδαντα | Ἀφείδας | PROPN | NPM-SAC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Ἀζᾶνα | conj | high | Coordinated accusative subject of γενέσθαι. |
| 16 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 11 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Infinitive clause governed by φασίν. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 Ἔλατον | cc | high | |
| 18 | Ἔλατον | Ἔλατος | PROPN | NPM-SAC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Ἀζᾶνα | conj | medium | Third coordinated accusative subject of γενέσθαι; coordination is structurally nested in the nominal series. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 καλοῦσιν | punct | high |